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Emerging Technologies for Development of Novel Materials Systems and Coatings (Volume 2)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2024 | Viewed by 6010

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Radu Robert Piticescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Research and Development Institute for Nonferrous and Rare Metals-IMNR, 102 Biruntei Blvd, Pantelimon, Ilfov, Romania
Interests: advanced nanostructured materials; hydrothermal synthesis; functional graded materials; coatings technologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of new material systems and coatings remains a multidisciplinary topic of high importance for scientists and technologists, providing remarkable functional properties improving performances in many traditional and high-tech industrial areas. New or emerging technologies for material synthesis and processing are needed to obtain material systems and coatings with design composition, microstructure, and architectures fulfilling the harsh requirements for applications in extreme mechanical, high temperature, high corrosion, or biological environmental conditions. Green chemical procedures with low environmental impact enable the fine tuning of components and dopants by controlling the kinetics and mechanisms involved in the synthesis of nanostructured composite or hybrid material system. The use of these advanced materials to obtain functionally graded materials and coating architectures may open new directions in the study of nucleation and growth processes using physical or chemical coating technologies and controlling functional properties. Additionally, additive manufacturing combined with coatings technologies may contribute to the reduction of some critical raw materials.

In this Special Issue, modern trends in novel material synthesis and coatings, including fundamental research, modelling, and optimisation are highlighted and discussed. Expected applications are in renewable energy (e.g., solid state batteries, photovoltaics, solid oxide fuel cells), gas turbines, energy-harvesting systems, sensors and actuators, and automotive and aerospace components.

It is my pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Dr. Radu Robert Piticescu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green chemistry synthesis
  • hydrothermal/solvothermal
  • sol-gel
  • mechano-synthesis
  • coatings
  • functionally graded materials
  • additive manufacturing
  • EB-PVD
  • RF/magnetron sputtering
  • chemical vapor deposition methods
  • laser coating technologies
  • ab-initio modelling and simulation
 

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3718 KiB  
Article
Preparation of Copper-Based Catalysts for Obtaining Methanol by the Chemical Impregnation Method
by Anisoara Oubraham, Mihaela Iordache, Elena Marin, Claudia Sisu, Simona Borta, Amalia Soare, Catalin Capris and Adriana Marinoiu
Materials 2024, 17(4), 847; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040847 - 09 Feb 2024
Viewed by 612
Abstract
This paper presents the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts for the direct hydrogenation process of CO2 to methanol. The development of the modern chemical industry is inextricably linked to the use of catalytic processes. As a result, currently over 80% of new technologies [...] Read more.
This paper presents the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts for the direct hydrogenation process of CO2 to methanol. The development of the modern chemical industry is inextricably linked to the use of catalytic processes. As a result, currently over 80% of new technologies introduced in the chemical industry incorporate catalytic processes. Since the basic factor of catalytic processes is the catalysts, the studies for the deepening of the knowledge regarding the nature of the action of the catalysts, for the development of new catalysts and catalytic systems, as well as for their improvement, represent a research priority of a fundamental or applied nature. The Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst for the synthesis of green methanol, using precursors of an inorganic (copper nitrate, denoted by Cu/ZnO/Al2O3-1) and organic (copper acetate, denoted by Cu/ZnO/Al2O3-2) nature, are obtained by chemical impregnation that includes two stages: preparation and one of calcination. The preparation methods and conditions, as well as the physico-chemical properties of the catalyst precursor, play a major role in the behavior of the catalysts. The prepared catalysts were characterized using atomic adsorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, specific surface area and pore size analyses, adsorption, and the chemisorption of vapor (BET). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies for Development of Novel Materials Systems and Coatings (Volume 2))
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17 pages, 6790 KiB  
Article
NASICON Membrane with High Ionic Conductivity Synthesized by High-Temperature Solid-State Reaction
by Mihaela Iordache, Anisoara Oubraham, Irina Petreanu, Claudia Sisu, Simona Borta, Catalin Capris, Amalia Soare and Adriana Marinoiu
Materials 2024, 17(4), 823; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040823 - 08 Feb 2024
Viewed by 659
Abstract
In the present work, we studied the impact of excess Na addition on the structure of the standard NASICON ion conductor along with Na ion transport mechanisms. In this sense, NASICON ceramic membranes (NZSP) were prepared by a simple chemical synthesis method, the [...] Read more.
In the present work, we studied the impact of excess Na addition on the structure of the standard NASICON ion conductor along with Na ion transport mechanisms. In this sense, NASICON ceramic membranes (NZSP) were prepared by a simple chemical synthesis method, the solid state reaction (SSR), using an excess of 5% Na (Na3.15Zr2Si2PO12) and an excess of 10% Na (Na3.3Zr2Si2PO12), in order to improve the conduction properties of the ceramic membrane. The characterization of the NZSP nanoparticles was performed by measuring the particle size by dynamic light scattering (DLS), the morphology of the NASICON samples pre-sintered at 1100 °C was analyzed by the SEM method (scanning electron microscope), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to investigate the crystal structure of samples, while the surface area was measured using the BET technique. The electrical properties (i.e., ionic conductivity) were evaluated by impedance spectroscopic methods at room temperature (RT). Following the experiments for NASICON membranes without Na excess, with 5% Na excess, and with 10% Na excess synthesized at different pressing forces and sintering temperatures, it was found that membranes with a 10% Na excess, sintered at 1175 °C for 10 h, presented a good ionic conductivity (4.72 × 10−4 S/cm). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies for Development of Novel Materials Systems and Coatings (Volume 2))
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16 pages, 20978 KiB  
Article
Surface Defect Mitigation of Additively Manufactured Parts Using Surfactant-Mediated Electroless Nickel Coatings
by Anju Jolly, Véronique Vitry, Golnaz Taghavi Pourian Azar, Thais Tasso Guaraldo and Andrew J. Cobley
Materials 2024, 17(2), 406; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17020406 - 13 Jan 2024
Viewed by 855
Abstract
The emergence of defects during the early production phases of ferrous-alloy additively manufactured (AM) parts poses a serious threat to their versatility and adversely impacts their overall mechanical performance in industries ranging from aerospace engineering to medicine. Lack of fusion and gas entrapment [...] Read more.
The emergence of defects during the early production phases of ferrous-alloy additively manufactured (AM) parts poses a serious threat to their versatility and adversely impacts their overall mechanical performance in industries ranging from aerospace engineering to medicine. Lack of fusion and gas entrapment during the manufacturing stages leads to increased surface roughness and porosities in the finished part. In this study, the efficacy of employing electroless nickel–boron (Ni-B) deposition to fill and level simulated AM defects was evaluated. The approach to levelling was inspired by the electrochemical deposition techniques used to fill vias in the electronics industry that (to some extent) resemble the size and shape of AM-type defects. This work investigated the use of surfactants to attenuate surface roughness in electroless nickel coatings, thereby achieving the preferential inhibition of the coating thickness on the surface and promoting the filling of the simulated defects. A cationic surfactant molecule, CTAB (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide), and a nonpolar surfactant, PEG (polyethylene glycol), at different concentrations were tested using a Ni-B electrolyte for the levelling study. It was found that the use of electroless Ni-B to fill simulated defects on ferrous alloys was strongly influenced by the concentration and nature of the surfactant. The highest levelling percentages were obtained for the heavy-molecular-weight PEG-mediated coatings at 1.2 g/L. The results suggest that electroless Ni-B deposition could be a novel and facile approach to filling defects in ferrous-based AM parts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies for Development of Novel Materials Systems and Coatings (Volume 2))
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Graphical abstract

18 pages, 8450 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO-Nanostructured Particles Produced by Solar Ablation
by Adriana-Gabriela Schiopu, Mihai Oproescu, Vasile Gabriel Iana, Catalin Marian Ducu, Sorin Georgian Moga, Denisa Stefania Vîlcoci, Georgiana Cîrstea, Valentin Marian Calinescu and Omar Ahmed
Materials 2023, 16(19), 6417; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16196417 - 26 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1024
Abstract
Nowadays, nanotechnology offers opportunities to create new features and functions of emerging materials. Correlation studies of nanostructured materials’ development processes with morphology, structure, and properties represent one of the most important topics today due to potential applications in all fields: chemistry, mechanics, electronics, [...] Read more.
Nowadays, nanotechnology offers opportunities to create new features and functions of emerging materials. Correlation studies of nanostructured materials’ development processes with morphology, structure, and properties represent one of the most important topics today due to potential applications in all fields: chemistry, mechanics, electronics, optics, medicine, food, or defense. Our research was motivated by the fact that in the nanometric domain, the crystalline structure and morphology are determined by the elaboration mechanism. The objective of this paper is to provide an introduction to the fundamentals of nanotechnology and nanopowder production using the sun’s energy. Solar energy, as part of renewable energy sources, is one of the sources that remain to be exploited in the future. The basic principle involved in the production of nanopowders consists of the use of a solar energy reactor concentrated on sintered targets made of commercial micropowders. As part of our study, for the first time, we report the solar ablation synthesis and characterization of Ni-doped ZnO performed in the CNRS-PROMES laboratory, UPR 8521, a member of the CNRS (French National Centre for Scientific Research). Also, we study the effect of the elaboration method on structural and morphological characteristics of pure and doped ZnO nanoparticles determined by XRD, SEM, and UV-Vis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies for Development of Novel Materials Systems and Coatings (Volume 2))
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14 pages, 12019 KiB  
Article
Processing of Niobium-Alloyed High-Carbon Tool Steel via Additive Manufacturing and Modern Powder Metallurgy
by Klára Borkovcová, Pavel Novák, Nawel Merghem, Alisa Tsepeleva, Pavel Salvetr, Michal Brázda and Dragan Rajnovic
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4760; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134760 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 828
Abstract
Niobium is recently considered one of the potential alloying elements for tool steels due to the formation of hard and stable carbides of MC type. Its use is limited by the fact that these carbides tend to coarsen during conventional melting metallurgy processing. [...] Read more.
Niobium is recently considered one of the potential alloying elements for tool steels due to the formation of hard and stable carbides of MC type. Its use is limited by the fact that these carbides tend to coarsen during conventional melting metallurgy processing. This work explores the potential of additive manufacturing for processing Nb-alloyed tool steel with a high content of carbon. Directed energy deposition was used as the processing method. It was found that this method allowed us to obtain a microstructure very similar to that obtained after the use of consolidation via spark plasma sintering when subsequent heat treatment by soft annealing, austenitizing, oil quenching and triple tempering for secondary hardness was applied. Moreover, the soft annealing process could be skipped without affecting the structure and properties when machining would not be required. The hardness of the steel was even higher after additive manufacturing was used (approx. 800–830 HV 30) than after spark plasma sintering (approx. 720–750 HV 30). The wear resistance of the materials processed by both routes was almost comparable, reaching 5–7 × 10−6 mm3N−1m−1 depending on the heat treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies for Development of Novel Materials Systems and Coatings (Volume 2))
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Review

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41 pages, 6193 KiB  
Review
Review on Synthesis and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate
by Alexandru Okos, Cristina Florentina Ciobota, Adrian Mihail Motoc and Radu-Robert Piticescu
Materials 2023, 16(22), 7088; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16227088 - 08 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1298
Abstract
The rapid development of portable electronic devices and the efforts to find alternatives to fossil fuels have triggered the rapid development of battery technology. The conventional lithium-ion batteries have reached a high degree of sophistication. However, improvements related to specific capacity, charge rate, [...] Read more.
The rapid development of portable electronic devices and the efforts to find alternatives to fossil fuels have triggered the rapid development of battery technology. The conventional lithium-ion batteries have reached a high degree of sophistication. However, improvements related to specific capacity, charge rate, safety and sustainability are still required. Solid state batteries try to answer these demands by replacing the organic electrolyte of the standard battery with a solid (crystalline, but also polymer and hybrid) electrolyte. One of the most promising solid electrolytes is Li3xLa2/3−xTiO3 (LLTO). The material nevertheless presents a set of key challenges that must be resolved before it can be used for commercial applications. This review discusses the synthesis methods, the crystallographic and the ionic conduction properties of LLTO and the main limitations encountered through a number of selected studies on this material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies for Development of Novel Materials Systems and Coatings (Volume 2))
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