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Materials for Catalytic CO2 Reduction

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalytic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 23614

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Dr. Barbara Pawelec

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Grupo de Energía y Química Sostenibles, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis; in particular hydrotreating catalysts; chemistry of materials and reactions linked with petrochemistry processes; H_2 production; upgrading of bio-liquids; total and partial CO oxidation; biogas reforming; photocatalysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The large increase in CO2 emissions produced mainly by the combustion of fossil fuels has led to an increase in global temperatures and climate change due to the ‘greenhouse effect’. As a consequence, there has been increasing pressure for countries and scientists to develop efficient processes to convert CO2 into useful fuels and chemicals and thus promote a “low carbon economy”. Captured CO2 from industrial sources or atmosphere can be converted into a variety of valuable products with the addition of any secondary reagent to the process and the required energy being supplied from renewable sources. Although the utilization of CO2 as chemical feedstock is limited to very few processes including the synthesis of urea (mainly), salicylic acid as a pharmaceutical ingredient and polycarbonates, the CO2 conversion into fuels, such as methane, alcohols and hydrocarbons remain prominent.

In this Special Issue on “Materials for Catalytic CO2 Reduction", researchers are invited to submit their recent works on the development of stable and selective catalysts for specific hydrogenation reactions. Advances and challenges in the catalysts for the reduction of CO2 to methane, oxygenates and hydrocarbons in gaseous phase as well as electrolysts, photocatalsts will be examined in detail.

Dr. Barbara Pawelec
Guest Editor

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22 pages, 9145 KiB

Open AccessArticle

CO₂ Methanation: Nickel–Alumina Catalyst Prepared by Solid-State Combustion

by Olga Netskina, Svetlana Mucha, Janna Veselovskaya, Vasily Bolotov, Oxana Komova, Arkady Ishchenko, Olga Bulavchenko, Igor Prosvirin, Alena Pochtar and Vladimir Rogov

Materials 2021, 14(22), 6789; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14226789 - 10 Nov 2021

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2147

Abstract

The development of solvent-free methods for the synthesis of catalysts is one of the main tasks of green chemistry. A nickel–alumina catalyst for CO₂ methanation was synthesized by solid-state combustion method using hexakis-(imidazole) nickel (II) nitrate complex. Using X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H₂-TPR), it was shown that the synthesized catalyst is characterized by the localization of easily reduced nickel oxide on alumina surface. This provided low-temperature activation of the catalyst in the reaction mixture containing 4 vol% CO₂. In addition, the synthesized catalyst had higher activity in low-temperature CO₂ methanation compared to industrial NIAP-07-01 catalyst, which contained almost three times more hard-to-reduce nickel–aluminum spinel. Thus, the proposed approaches to the synthesis and activation of the catalyst make it possible to simplify the catalyst preparation procedure and to abandon the use of solvents, which must be disposed of later on. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Catalytic CO2 Reduction)

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32 pages, 7400 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

Catalysts for the Conversion of CO₂ to Low Molecular Weight Olefins—A Review

by Barbara Pawelec, Rut Guil-López, Noelia Mota, Jose Luis Garcia Fierro and Rufino Manuel Navarro Yerga

Materials 2021, 14(22), 6952; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14226952 - 17 Nov 2021

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3979

Abstract

There is a large worldwide demand for light olefins (C₂⁼–C₄⁼), which are needed for the production of high value-added chemicals and plastics. Light olefins can be produced by petroleum processing, direct/indirect conversion of synthesis gas (CO + H₂) and hydrogenation of CO₂. Among these methods, catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂ is the most recently studied because it could contribute to alleviating CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere. However, due to thermodynamic reasons, the design of catalysts for the selective production of light olefins from CO₂ presents different challenges. In this regard, the recent progress in the synthesis of nanomaterials with well-controlled morphologies and active phase dispersion has opened new perspectives for the production of light olefins. In this review, recent advances in catalyst design are presented, with emphasis on catalysts operating through the modified Fischer–Tropsch pathway. The advantages and disadvantages of olefin production from CO₂ via CO or methanol-mediated reaction routes were analyzed, as well as the prospects for the design of a single catalyst for direct olefin production. Conclusions were drawn on the prospect of a new catalyst design for the production of light olefins from CO₂. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Catalytic CO2 Reduction)

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24 pages, 4129 KiB

Open AccessReview

Methanol Synthesis from CO₂: A Review of the Latest Developments in Heterogeneous Catalysis

by R. Guil-López, N. Mota, J. Llorente, E. Millán, B. Pawelec, J.L.G. Fierro and R. M. Navarro

Materials 2019, 12(23), 3902; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12233902 - 26 Nov 2019

Cited by 144 | Viewed by 16635

Abstract

Technological approaches which enable the effective utilization of CO₂ for manufacturing value-added chemicals and fuels can help to solve environmental problems derived from large CO₂ emissions associated with the use of fossil fuels. One of the most interesting products that can be synthesized from CO₂ is methanol, since it is an industrial commodity used in several chemical products and also an efficient transportation fuel. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in the development of heterogeneous catalysts and processes for the direct hydrogenation of CO₂ to methanol. The main efforts focused on the improvement of conventional Cu/ZnO based catalysts and the development of new catalytic systems targeting the specific needs for CO₂ to methanol reactions (unfavourable thermodynamics, production of high amount of water and high methanol selectivity under high or full CO₂ conversion). Major studies on the development of active and selective catalysts based on thermodynamics, mechanisms, nano-synthesis and catalyst design (active phase, promoters, supports, etc.) are highlighted in this review. Finally, a summary concerning future perspectives on the research and development of efficient heterogeneous catalysts for methanol synthesis from CO₂ will be presented. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Catalytic CO2 Reduction)

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