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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2016) | Viewed by 33592

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jang-Kun Song

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Guest Editor

School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
Interests: liquid crystals; organic light emitting diodes; electro-wetting; display device

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In fast-paced modern ubiquitous IT society, a display device, which connects humans and electronic devices, is of great importance, and better display technologies have always been pursued. All display devices, such as liquid crystal display, organic light emitting diode display, e-paper, electro-wetting display, and so on, were developed based on the development of core materials used in each display application. Hence, the field of materials for display applications is an extremely important area. The main focus of the “Materials for display applications” Special Issue is to provide and comprehend important topics in this area. Therefore, recent issues and novel findings in liquid crystals, reactive mesogens, electro-luminescent materials, quantum dots, electro-phoretic, and electro-wetting materials with respect to display applications will be addressed in this issue. With immense pleasure, we invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are welcome.

Dr. Jang-Kun Song
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

liquid crystals
reactive mesogen
photo-luminescence materials
electro-luminescence materials
quantum dots
(di)electrophoretic materials
Electrowetting materials

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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2636 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Selective Photophysical Modification on Light-Emitting Polymer Films for Micro- and Nano-Patterning

by Xinping Zhang, Feifei Liu and Hongwei Li

Materials 2016, 9(3), 121; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9030121 - 23 Feb 2016

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5819

Abstract

Laser-induced cross-linking in polymeric semiconductors was utilized to achieve micro- and nano-structuring in thin films. Single- and two-photon cross-linking processes led to the reduction in both the refractive index and thickness of the polymer films. The resultant photonic structures combine the features of both relief- and phase-gratings. Selective cross-linking in polymer blend films based on different optical response of different molecular phases enabled “solidification” of the phase-separation scheme, providing a stable template for further photonic structuring. Dielectric and metallic structures are demonstrated for the fabrication methods using cross-linking in polymer films. Selective cross-linking enables direct patterning into polymer films without introducing additional fabrication procedures or additional materials. The diffraction processes of the emission of the patterned polymeric semiconductors may provide enhanced output coupling for light-emitting diodes or distributed feedback for lasers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Display Applications)

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1424 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synthesis, X-ray Structure, Optical, and Electrochemical Properties of a White-Light-Emitting Molecule

by Jiun-Wei Hu, Ying-Hsuan Wu, Hsing-Yang Tsai and Kew-Yu Chen

Materials 2016, 9(1), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9010048 - 14 Jan 2016

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5655

Abstract

A new white-light-emitting molecule (1) was synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy, high resolution mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma, with a = 12.6814(6), b = 7.0824(4), c = 17.4628(9) Å, α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by weak intermolecular C-H···O hydrogen bonds, forming an infinite chain along [100], generating a C(10) motif. Compound 1 possesses an intramolecular six-membered-ring hydrogen bond, from which excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) takes place from the phenolic proton to the carbonyl oxygen, resulting in a tautomer that is in equilibrium with the normal species, exhibiting a dual emission that covers almost all of the visible spectrum and consequently generates white light. It exhibits one irreversible one-electron oxidation and two irreversible one-electron reductions in dichloromethane at modest potentials. Furthermore, the geometric structures, frontier molecular orbitals (MOs), and the potential energy curves (PECs) for 1 in the ground and the first singlet excited state were fully rationalized by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations. The results demonstrate that the forward and backward ESIPT may happen on a similar timescale, enabling the excited-state equilibrium to be established. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Display Applications)

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16593 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optothermal Switching of Cholesteric Liquid Crystals: A Study of Azobenzene Derivatives and Laser Wavelengths

by Tai-Chieh Huang, Yen-Yu Chen, Chih-Chien Chu and Vincent K. S. Hsiao

Materials 2015, 8(9), 6071-6084; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8095293 - 11 Sep 2015

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4958

Abstract

The laser-initiated thermal (optothermal) switching of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) is characterized by using different azobenzene (Azo) derivatives and laser wavelengths. Under 405-nm laser irradiation, Azo-doped CLCs undergo phase transition from cholesteric to isotropic. No cis-to-trans photoisomerization occurs when the 405-nm laser irradiation is blocked because only a single laser is used. The fast response of Azo-doped CLCs under the on–off switching of the 405-nm laser occurs because of the optothermal effect of the system. The 660-nm laser, which cannot be used as irradiation to generate the trans–cis photoisomerization of Azo, is used in Anthraquinone (AQ)-Azo-doped CLCs to examine the optothermal effect of doped Azo. The results show that the LC-like Azo derivative bearing two methyl groups ortho to the Azo moiety (A4) can greatly lower the clearing temperature and generate large amount of heat in AQ-A4-doped CLCs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Display Applications)

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Review

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12757 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Engineering of Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Light Emitting Applications

by Francesco Todescato, Ilaria Fortunati, Alessandro Minotto, Raffaella Signorini, Jacek J. Jasieniak and Renato Bozio

Materials 2016, 9(8), 672; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9080672 - 09 Aug 2016

Cited by 44 | Viewed by 8661

Abstract

Semiconductor nanocrystals are rapidly spreading into the display and lighting markets. Compared with liquid crystal and organic LED displays, nanocrystalline quantum dots (QDs) provide highly saturated colors, wide color gamut, resolution, rapid response time, optical efficiency, durability and low cost. This remarkable progress has been made possible by the rapid advances in the synthesis of colloidal QDs and by the progress in understanding the intriguing new physics exhibited by these nanoparticles. In this review, we provide support to the idea that suitably engineered core/graded-shell QDs exhibit exceptionally favorable optical properties, photoluminescence and optical gain, while keeping the synthesis facile and producing QDs well suited for light emitting applications. Solid-state laser emitters can greatly profit from QDs as efficient gain materials. Progress towards fabricating low threshold, solution processed DFB lasers that are optically pumped using one- and two-photon absorption is reviewed. In the field of display technologies, the exploitation of the exceptional photoluminescence properties of QDs for LCD backlighting has already advanced to commercial levels. The next big challenge is to develop the electroluminescence properties of QD to a similar state. We present an overview of QLED devices and of the great perspectives for next generation display and lighting technologies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Display Applications)

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1868 KiB

Open AccessReview

Liquid Crystal Microlenses for Autostereoscopic Displays

by José Francisco Algorri, Virginia Urruchi, Braulio García-Cámara and José M. Sánchez-Pena

Materials 2016, 9(1), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9010036 - 11 Jan 2016

Cited by 30 | Viewed by 7694

Abstract

Three-dimensional vision has acquired great importance in the audiovisual industry in the past ten years. Despite this, the first generation of autostereoscopic displays failed to generate enough consumer excitement. Some reasons are little 3D content and performance issues. For this reason, an exponential increase in three-dimensional vision research has occurred in the last few years. In this review, a study of the historical impact of the most important technologies has been performed. This study is carried out in terms of research manuscripts per year. The results reveal that research on spatial multiplexing technique is increasing considerably and today is the most studied. For this reason, the state of the art of this technique is presented. The use of microlenses seems to be the most successful method to obtain autostereoscopic vision. When they are fabricated with liquid crystal materials, extended capabilities are produced. Among the numerous techniques for manufacturing liquid crystal microlenses, this review covers the most viable designs for its use in autostereoscopic displays. For this reason, some of the most important topologies and their relation with autostereoscopic displays are presented. Finally, the challenges in some recent applications, such as portable devices, and the future of three-dimensional displays based on liquid crystal microlenses are outlined. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Display Applications)

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