Disability and Public Health: The Importance of Physical Activity and Sport for All

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Sports Medicine and Sports Traumatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2024) | Viewed by 6202

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Movement and Wellness Sciences, Parthenope University, Naples, Italy
Interests: exercise-induced asthma; nutrition; brain; sport science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Movement and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy
Interests: health innovation; public health; social marketing; sport management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sport plays a crucial role in our physical, mental and social development. It enables us to deepen our knowledge of our own body, our potential, and our limitations, but also to rediscover our own dignity as a human and person in society. In particular, sport is a fundamental element for people with disabilities as it is an opportunity for growth and training, enabling individuals to achieve inner well-being. Implementing physical activity and sports programs in therapy is certainly beneficial both physically and psychologically. In fact, practicing sport helps to regain one's autonomy, realize oneself at a social level and recover mobility. These activities strengthen self-esteem, and possess value as a path to rehabilitation. For a disabled person, regular sports activity has the following advantages: it improves physical qualities; enhances cognitive and psychic aspects; and develops socio-relational skills.

This Special Issue, entitled "Disability and Public Health: The Importance of Physical Activity and Sport for All", intends to collect contributions capable of critically framing the problem, suggesting appropriate methodological strategies and innovative solutions that aim to legitimize the meaning and role of good practices, from the perspective of inclusive motor and sports practice.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Chronic disease and health promotion;
  • The power of sport as a transformative tool;
  • Sport and inclusion;
  • Health and social inclusion;
  • Disability and sport management;
  • Adapted sport and children;
  • Adapted sport and adult.

Prof. Dr. Domenico Tafuri
Dr. Patrizia Belfiore
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • chronic disease and health promotion
  • the power of sport as a transformative tool
  • sport and inclusion
  • health and social inclusion
  • disability and sport management
  • adapted sport and children
  • adapted sport and adult

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1221 KiB  
Article
Adapted Training to Boost Upper Body Sensorimotor Control and Daily Living Functionality in Visually Impaired Baseball Players
by Giuditta Carretti, Francesca Spano, Eleonora Sgambati, Mirko Manetti and Mirca Marini
Medicina 2024, 60(7), 1136; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60071136 - 15 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: Vision significantly contributes to postural control, balance, coordination, and body kinematics, thus deeply influencing everyday functionality. Sight-impaired subjects often show upper body anatomofunctional and kinetic chain alterations negatively impacting daily living efficiency and autonomy. The present study aimed to investigate [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Vision significantly contributes to postural control, balance, coordination, and body kinematics, thus deeply influencing everyday functionality. Sight-impaired subjects often show upper body anatomofunctional and kinetic chain alterations negatively impacting daily living efficiency and autonomy. The present study aimed to investigate and train, for the first time, upper body sensorimotor control in an Italian blind baseball team to boost global and segmental functionality while contemporarily prevent injuries. Materials and Methods: The whole team underwent a validated test battery using both quantitative traditional tools, such as goniometric active range of motion and muscular/functional tests, and an innovative biofeedback-based device, a Libra proprioceptive board. Consequently, a 6-week adapted training protocol was designed and leaded to improve sensorimotor control and, hence, counteract disability-related deficits and sport-specific overuse syndromes. Results: Statistically significant improvements were observed in all the investigated parameters. Noteworthy, an overall boost of global and segmental stability was detected through an orthostatic dynamic balance enhancement during the Y Balance test (p = 0.01) and trunk multiplanar control improvement on the Libra board (p = 0.01). Concurrently, the comparison of baseline vs. post-intervention outcomes revealed a consistent increase in upper body mobility (p < 0.05 for all the assessed districts), core recruitment (p = 0.01 for all the administered functional tests), and proprioceptive postural control (p = 0.01 for the Libra board validated test). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a tailored sensorimotor training, conceived and led by an adapted physical activity kinesiologist, may effectively improve upper body functional prerequisites and global proprioceptive control, thus potentially promoting autonomy, quality of life, and physical activity/sport practice adherence in visually impaired individuals. Full article
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Review

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16 pages, 826 KiB  
Review
Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning
by Francesca Latino and Francesco Tafuri
Medicina 2024, 60(2), 216; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60020216 - 26 Jan 2024
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4718
Abstract
Neuroscience applied to motor activity is a growing area that aims to understand the effects of motor activity on the structures and functions of the Central Nervous System. Attention has been paid to this multidisciplinary field of investigation by the scientific community both [...] Read more.
Neuroscience applied to motor activity is a growing area that aims to understand the effects of motor activity on the structures and functions of the Central Nervous System. Attention has been paid to this multidisciplinary field of investigation by the scientific community both because it is of great importance in the treatment of many chronic diseases and because of its potential applications in the Movement Sciences. Motor activity during a developmental age is, in fact, an indispensable tool for the physical and mental growth of children, both able-bodied and disabled. Through movement, individuals can improve their physical efficiency and promote their own better health, establish relationships with the environment and others, express themselves and their emotions, form their identity and develop cognitive processes. This literature review aims, therefore, to highlight how an adequate practice of motor activity offers extraordinary possibilities for everyone in relation to learning, from the perspective of an integral development of the person, and, consequently, can raise the awareness of those involved in the training and growth, especially the youngest, towards the educational value of motor and sports activities. According to this review, and in line with the modern neuroscientific approach toward the relationships between motor activities and cognitive functions, it is possible to claim that hypokinesia tends to inhibit learning. Therefore, it now seems more topical than ever to draw attention to the need to introduce working proposals that integrate brain-based motor activity programs into the school curriculum. Full article
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