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Metals
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Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses
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Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 31181

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Vitaly A. Khonik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General Physics, Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Lenin St. 86, Voronezh 394043, Russia
Interests: metallic glasses; glass transition; relaxation phenomena; defects; elasticity; anelasticity; viscoelasticity; heat effects; rejuvenation; melting of crystals, point defects in crystals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the years, metallic glasses constitute a subject of unabated interest. Despite the impressive progress in the understanding of the physics and materials science of these materials that has been achieved in recent years, quite a few challenging fundamental issues related to their glass transition, structure, relaxation, and deformation still remain largely unclear. This fact appears to be a driving force for extensive in-depth studies of unsolved scientific problems. On the other hand, metallic glasses have found their place in the application field, and their industrial use has been widening permanently.

This Special Issue will contain papers reporting new and progressive research results dealing with the structure, structure-property relationship, relaxation, and deformation of metallic glasses. Rejuvenation and high-entropy metallic glasses, as well as application issues, are of particular interest. Manuscripts will be welcomed from both researchers working on fundamental physics/materials science problems and belonging to industrial companies involved in the field.

Prof. Dr. Vitaly A. Khonik
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Glass formation
  • Structure
  • Relaxation
  • Deformation
  • Rejuvenation
  • High-entropy metallic glasses
  • Applications.

Published Papers (11 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 147 KiB  
Editorial
Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses
by Vitaly A. Khonik
Metals 2020, 10(11), 1537; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10111537 - 19 Nov 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1341
Abstract
Investigations of the structure and properties of metallic glasses constitute a subject of unabated interest [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

12 pages, 11353 KiB  
Article
Devitrification of Zr55Cu30Al15Ni5Bulk Metallic Glass under Heating and HPT Deformation
by Galina Abrosimova, Boris Gnesin, Dmitry Gunderov, Alexandra Drozdenko, Danila Matveev, Bogdan Mironchuk, Elena Pershina, Ilia Sholin and Alexandr Aronin
Metals 2020, 10(10), 1329; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10101329 - 5 Oct 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2066
Abstract
The nanocrystal formation in Zr55Cu30Al15Ni5 bulk metallic glass was studied under heat treatment and deformation. The activation energy of crystallization under heating is 278 kJ/mol. Different crystalline phases were found to be formed during crystallization under [...] Read more.
The nanocrystal formation in Zr55Cu30Al15Ni5 bulk metallic glass was studied under heat treatment and deformation. The activation energy of crystallization under heating is 278 kJ/mol. Different crystalline phases were found to be formed during crystallization under heating and deformation. At the first crystallization stage, the metastable phase with a hexagonal structure (lattice of space group P63/mmc with the parameters a = 8.66 Å, c = 14.99 Å) is formed under heat treatment. When the temperature rises, the metastable phase decays with the formation of stable crystalline phases. The crystalline Zr2Cu phase with the lattice of space group Fd3m is formed during crystallization under the action of deformation. It was determined that during deformation nanocrystals are formed primarily in the subsurface regions of the samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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Graphical abstract

19 pages, 47090 KiB  
Article
Amorphous-Nanocrystalline Composites Prepared by High-Pressure Torsion
by Inga Permyakova and Alex Glezer
Metals 2020, 10(4), 511; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10040511 - 15 Apr 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3688
Abstract
This article presents systematic studies of the preparation method and the specific features of the changes in the structure and properties of amorphous-nanocrystalline composites formed from melt-quenched ribbons of iron- and cobalt-based amorphous alloys and the Cu-Nb crystalline nanolaminates by severe plastic deformation [...] Read more.
This article presents systematic studies of the preparation method and the specific features of the changes in the structure and properties of amorphous-nanocrystalline composites formed from melt-quenched ribbons of iron- and cobalt-based amorphous alloys and the Cu-Nb crystalline nanolaminates by severe plastic deformation by torsion in the Bridgeman chamber at high quasi-hydrostatic pressure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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Graphical abstract

7 pages, 891 KiB  
Article
Heat Effects Occurring in the Supercooled Liquid State and Upon Crystallization of Metallic Glasses as a Result of Thermally Activated Evolution of Their Defect Systems
by Andrei Makarov, Gennadii Afonin, Yurii Mitrofanov, Nikolai Kobelev and Vitaly Khonik
Metals 2020, 10(3), 417; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10030417 - 24 Mar 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2263
Abstract
We show that the kinetics of endothermal and exothermal effects occurring in the supercooled liquid state and upon crystallization of metallic glasses can be well reproduced using temperature dependences of their shear moduli. It is argued that the interrelation between the heat effects [...] Read more.
We show that the kinetics of endothermal and exothermal effects occurring in the supercooled liquid state and upon crystallization of metallic glasses can be well reproduced using temperature dependences of their shear moduli. It is argued that the interrelation between the heat effects and shear modulus relaxation reflects thermally activated evolution of interstitial-type defect system inherited from the maternal melt. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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14 pages, 2946 KiB  
Article
Shear Bands Topology in the Deformed Bulk Metallic Glasses
by Mikhail Seleznev and Alexei Vinogradov
Metals 2020, 10(3), 374; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10030374 - 14 Mar 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2955
Abstract
Recent experimental studies revealed the presence of Volterra dislocation-type long-range elastic strain/stress field around a shear band (SB) terminated in a bulk metallic glass (BMG). The corollary from this finding is that shear bands can interact with these stress fields. In other words, [...] Read more.
Recent experimental studies revealed the presence of Volterra dislocation-type long-range elastic strain/stress field around a shear band (SB) terminated in a bulk metallic glass (BMG). The corollary from this finding is that shear bands can interact with these stress fields. In other words, the mutual behaviour of SBs should be affected by their stress fields superimposed with the external stresses. In order to verify this suggestion, the topography of the regions surrounding SBs terminated in the BMGs was carefully analysed. The surfaces of several BMGs, deformed by compression and indentation, were investigated with a high spatial resolution by means of scanning white-light interferometry (SWLI). Along with the evidence for the interaction between SBs, different scenarios of the SB propagation have been observed. Specifically, the SB path deviation, mutual blocking, and deflection of SBs were revealed along with the significant differences between the topologies of the mode II (in-plane) and mode III (out of plane) SBs. While the type II shear manifests a linear propagation path and a monotonically increasing shear offset, the type III shear is associated with a curved, segmented path and a non-monotonically varying shear offset. The systematic application of the “classic” elastic Volterra’s theory of dislocations to the behaviour of SBs in BMGs provides new insight into the widely reported experimental phenomena concerning the SB morphology, which is further detailed in the present work. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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9 pages, 1078 KiB  
Communication
Effect of Hydrogen Charging on Pop-in Behavior of a Zr-Based Metallic Glass
by Lin Tian, Dominik Tönnies, Moritz Hirsbrunner, Tim Sievert, Zhiwei Shan and Cynthia A. Volkert
Metals 2020, 10(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10010022 - 22 Dec 2019
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2469
Abstract
In this work, structural and mechanical properties of hydrogen-charged metallic glass are studied to evaluate the effect of hydrogen on early plasticity. Hydrogen is introduced into samples of a Zr-based (Vit 105) metallic glass using electrochemical charging. Nanoindentation tests reveal a clear increase [...] Read more.
In this work, structural and mechanical properties of hydrogen-charged metallic glass are studied to evaluate the effect of hydrogen on early plasticity. Hydrogen is introduced into samples of a Zr-based (Vit 105) metallic glass using electrochemical charging. Nanoindentation tests reveal a clear increase in modulus and hardness as well as in the load of the first pop-in with increasing hydrogen content. At the same time, the probability of a pop-in occurring decreases, indicating that hydrogen hinders the onset of plastic instabilities while allowing local homogeneous deformation. The hydrogen-induced stiffening and hardening is rationalized by hydrogen stabilization of shear transformation zones (STZs) in the amorphous structure, while the improved ductility is attributed to the change in the spatial correlation of the STZs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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14 pages, 5262 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Characterization of Mg-RE Alloy Sheets and Formation of Amorphous/Crystalline Composites by Twin Roll Casting for Biomedical Implant Application
by Haijian Wang, Dongying Ju and Haiwei Wang
Metals 2019, 9(10), 1075; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9101075 - 3 Oct 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2589
Abstract
A new type of Mg-based metallic glass has attracted extensive attention due to its excellent corrosion resistance and favorable biocompatibility. In this study, an amorphous/crystalline composite Mg-RE alloy sheet was prepared by a vertical type twin roll caster (VTRC) method, and its microstructure [...] Read more.
A new type of Mg-based metallic glass has attracted extensive attention due to its excellent corrosion resistance and favorable biocompatibility. In this study, an amorphous/crystalline composite Mg-RE alloy sheet was prepared by a vertical type twin roll caster (VTRC) method, and its microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM); furthermore, the corrosion behaviors of the Mg-RE alloy sheet were investigated in PBS solution using electrochemical techniques and immersion testing in a simulated physiological condition. Furthermore, it was implanted into the femur of rats to explore its prospect as biological transplantation material. Its microscopic characterization experiments show that the crystal structure is crystalline phase containing amorphous phase. Electrochemical experiments and immersion testing both showed that Mg-RE(La,Ce) sheet with VTRC has a better corrosion resistance than master alloy, and a uniform corrosion layer on the surface. In vivo, as an implant material, tests show that Mg-RE alloy sheets have better biocompatibility and induce new bone formation, and they can be expected to be utilized as implant materials in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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11 pages, 1822 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Mechanical Relaxation in LaCe-Based Metallic Glasses: Influence of the Chemical Composition
by Minna Liu, Jichao Qiao, Qi Hao, Yinghong Chen, Yao Yao, Daniel Crespo and Jean-Marc Pelletier
Metals 2019, 9(9), 1013; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9091013 - 17 Sep 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2849
Abstract
The mechanical relaxation behavior of the (La0.5Ce0.5)65Al10(CoxCu1−x)25 at% (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) metallic glasses was probed by dynamic mechanical analysis. The intensity of the secondary β [...] Read more.
The mechanical relaxation behavior of the (La0.5Ce0.5)65Al10(CoxCu1−x)25 at% (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) metallic glasses was probed by dynamic mechanical analysis. The intensity of the secondary β relaxation increases along with the Co/Cu ratio, as has been reported in metallic glasses where the enthalpy of mixing for all pairs of atoms is negative. Furthermore, the intensity of the secondary β relaxation decreases after physical aging below the glass transition temperature, which is probably due to the reduction of the atomic mobility induced by physical aging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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21 pages, 1016 KiB  
Article
Metallic Glasses: A New Approach to the Understanding of the Defect Structure and Physical Properties
by Vitaly Khonik and Nikolai Kobelev
Metals 2019, 9(5), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9050605 - 24 May 2019
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 3019
Abstract
The work is devoted to a brief overview of the Interstitialcy Theory (IT) as applied to different relaxation phenomena occurring in metallic glasses upon structural relaxation and crystallization. The basic hypotheses of the IT and their experimental verification are shortly considered. The main [...] Read more.
The work is devoted to a brief overview of the Interstitialcy Theory (IT) as applied to different relaxation phenomena occurring in metallic glasses upon structural relaxation and crystallization. The basic hypotheses of the IT and their experimental verification are shortly considered. The main focus is given on the interpretation of recent experiments on the heat effects, volume changes and their link with the shear modulus relaxation. The issues related to the development of the IT and its relationship with other models on defects in metallic glasses are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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Review

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29 pages, 13751 KiB  
Review
Influence of HPT Deformation on the Structure and Properties of Amorphous Alloys
by Dmitry Gunderov and Vasily Astanin
Metals 2020, 10(3), 415; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10030415 - 23 Mar 2020
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 4007
Abstract
Recent studies showed that structural changes in amorphous alloys under high pressure torsion (HPT) are determined by their chemical composition and processing regimes. For example, HPT treatment of some amorphous alloys leads to their nanocrystallization; in other alloys, nanocrystallization was not observed, but [...] Read more.
Recent studies showed that structural changes in amorphous alloys under high pressure torsion (HPT) are determined by their chemical composition and processing regimes. For example, HPT treatment of some amorphous alloys leads to their nanocrystallization; in other alloys, nanocrystallization was not observed, but structural transformations of the amorphous phase were revealed. HPT processing resulted in its modification by introducing interfaces due to the formation of shear bands. In this case, the alloys after HPT processing remained amorphous, but a cluster-type structure was formed. The origin of the observed changes in the structure and properties of amorphous alloys is associated with the chemical separation and evolution of free volume in the amorphous phase due to the formation of a high density of interfaces as a result of HPT processing. Amorphous metal alloys with a nanocluster structure and nanoscale inhomogeneities, representatives of which are nanoglasses, significantly differ in their physical and mechanical properties from conventional amorphous materials. The results presented in this review show that the severe plastic deformation (SPD) processing can be one of the efficient ways for producing a nanocluster structure and improving the properties of amorphous alloys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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34 pages, 16624 KiB  
Review
Specific Features of Structure Transformation and Properties of Amorphous-Nanocrystalline Alloys
by Alexandr Aronin and Galina Abrosimova
Metals 2020, 10(3), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10030358 - 9 Mar 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3103
Abstract
This work is devoted to a brief overview of the structure and properties of amorphous-nanocrystalline metallic alloys. It presents the current state of studies of the structure evolution of amorphous alloys and the formation of nanoglasses and nanocrystals in metallic glasses. Structural changes [...] Read more.
This work is devoted to a brief overview of the structure and properties of amorphous-nanocrystalline metallic alloys. It presents the current state of studies of the structure evolution of amorphous alloys and the formation of nanoglasses and nanocrystals in metallic glasses. Structural changes occurring during heating and deformation are considered. The transformation of a homogeneous amorphous phase into a heterogeneous phase, the dependence of the scale of inhomogeneities on the component composition, and the conditions of external influences are considered. The crystallization processes of the amorphous phase, such as the homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation of crystals, are considered. Particular attention is paid to a volume mismatch compensation on the crystallization processes. The effect of changes in the amorphous structure on the forming crystalline structure is shown. The mechanical properties in the structure in and around shear bands are discussed. The possibility of controlling the structure of fully or partially crystallized samples is analyzed for creating new materials with the required physical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Metallic Glasses)
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