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Microorganisms
Special Issues
An Update on Lactobacillus
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An Update on Lactobacillus

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2021) | Viewed by 16547

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Piotr B. Heczko

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Katedra Mikrobiologii, Uniwersytet Jagielloński Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
Interests: probiotics; postbiotics; human microbiome; mechanisms of infections; hospital infections
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Lactobacillus genus, comprising more than 200 species, is the largest and most diverse genus within the lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacillus species are part of the microbiota of humans and animals, including insects, and also plants. Thus, they are commonly found in a variety of food products from fruit and vegetables to a range of naturally and industrially fermented products. Taxonomy of the genus is in continuous development in relation to extensive research on their genetics, empowering their unusual versatility.

Some species of the Lactobacillus genus are among some of the most widely studied bacteria due to their commercial, industrial, and applied health potential as probiotics and postbiotics, but also as modulators of the host immune response. Just one member of the genus, L. rhamnosus GG (LGG), is perhaps one of the most studied bacterial strains in relation to health applications. The genus has been also extensively researched with regard to animal nutrition and new industrial applications based on bioengineering.

The aim of this Special Issue of Microorganisms is to present a collection of articles that provide a wide view on current research related to Lactobacillus bacteria. Manuscripts covering all aspects of basic and applied research on lactobacilli and their products are welcome.

Prof. Piotr B. Heczko
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Lactobacillus
  • probiotics
  • microbiota
  • immune response
  • human and animal nutrition
  • fermentation
  • food preservation
  • plant microbiome
  • stress resistance
  • gene expression
  • stress resistance

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

3 pages, 205 KiB  
Editorial
Special Issue “An Update on Lactobacillus”: Editorial
by Piotr Heczko, Łucja Kozień and Magdalena Strus
Microorganisms 2023, 11(6), 1400; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061400 - 26 May 2023
Viewed by 988
Abstract
As indicated in the introduction to this Special Issue, as of 2020, the original genus Lactobacillus comprised over 260 recognized species, a figure which is probably much higher now [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue An Update on Lactobacillus)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

12 pages, 1823 KiB  
Article
Effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strain Shirota on Improvement in Depressive Symptoms, and Its Association with Abundance of Actinobacteria in Gut Microbiota
by Machiko Otaka, Hiroko Kikuchi-Hayakawa, Jun Ogura, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Yukihito Yomogida, Miho Ota, Shinsuke Hidese, Ikki Ishida, Masanori Aida, Kazunori Matsuda, Mitsuhisa Kawai, Sumiko Yoshida and Hiroshi Kunugi
Microorganisms 2021, 9(5), 1026; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9051026 - 10 May 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 5374
Abstract
We previously reported lower counts of lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiota of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), compared with healthy controls. This prompted us to investigate the possible efficacy of a probiotic strain, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS; basonym, Lactobacillus [...] Read more.
We previously reported lower counts of lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiota of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), compared with healthy controls. This prompted us to investigate the possible efficacy of a probiotic strain, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS; basonym, Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota; daily intake of 8.0 × 1010 colony-forming units), in alleviating depressive symptoms. A single-arm trial was conducted on 18 eligible patients with MDD or bipolar disorder (BD) (14 females and 4 males; 15 MDD and 3 BD), assessing changes in psychiatric symptoms, the gut microbiota, and biological markers for intestinal permeability and inflammation, over a 12-week intervention period. Depression severity, evaluated by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, was significantly alleviated after LcS treatment. The intervention-associated reduction of depressive symptoms was associated with the gut microbiota, and more pronounced when Bifidobacterium and the Atopobium clusters of the Actinobacteria phylum were maintained at higher counts. No significant changes were observed in the intestinal permeability or inflammation markers. Although it was difficult to estimate the extent of the effect of LcS treatment alone, the results indicated that it was beneficial to alleviate depressive symptoms, partly through its association with abundance of Actinobacteria in the gut microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue An Update on Lactobacillus)
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9 pages, 1233 KiB  
Communication
Lactobacillus crispatus BC1 Biosurfactant Counteracts the Infectivity of Chlamydia trachomatis Elementary Bodies
by Claudio Foschi, Carola Parolin, Barbara Giordani, Sara Morselli, Barbara Luppi, Beatrice Vitali and Antonella Marangoni
Microorganisms 2021, 9(5), 975; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050975 - 30 Apr 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1960
Abstract
Lactobacilli-derived biosurfactants (BS) have shown promising effects as antimicrobial molecules. Since Lactobacillus crispatus plays a crucial role in maintaining vaginal eubiosis, BS from this species could represent novel therapeutic agents to counteract sexually transmitted pathogens, such as Chlamydia trachomatis (CT). The aim of [...] Read more.
Lactobacilli-derived biosurfactants (BS) have shown promising effects as antimicrobial molecules. Since Lactobacillus crispatus plays a crucial role in maintaining vaginal eubiosis, BS from this species could represent novel therapeutic agents to counteract sexually transmitted pathogens, such as Chlamydia trachomatis (CT). The aim of the present study was to assess the inhibitory effects of a BS produced by the vaginal strain L. crispatus BC1 on the infectivity of CT elementary bodies (EBs). For concentrations ranging between 1 and 0.5 mg/mL at 60-min contact time, L. crispatus BC1 BS displayed a highly significant anti-CT activity, with about 50% reduction of EB infectivity towards HeLa cells. To identify the components responsible for chlamydial inhibition, a panel of selected fatty acids, including those present in BS lipopeptidic structure, was tested against CT EBs. Pentadecanoic acid, myristic acid, β-hydroxy-myristic acid, and β-hydroxy-palmitic acid were able to significantly reduce EBs infectivity up to 5–0.5 µg/mL, concentrations that resulted to be non-toxic for HeLa cells. These data can contribute to the understanding of the biological role of lactobacilli in the vaginal niche, as well as to promote the application of their produced BS as an innovative and antibiotic-sparing anti-chlamydial strategy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue An Update on Lactobacillus)
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21 pages, 1597 KiB  
Article
Lactobacillus reuteri Colonisation of Extremely Preterm Infants in a Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial
by Johanne E. Spreckels, Erik Wejryd, Giovanna Marchini, Baldvin Jonsson, Dylan H. de Vries, Maria C. Jenmalm, Eva Landberg, Eva Sverremark-Ekström, Magalí Martí and Thomas Abrahamsson
Microorganisms 2021, 9(5), 915; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050915 - 24 Apr 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3893
Abstract
Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 supplementation reduces morbidities in very low birth weight infants (<1500 g), while the effect on extremely low birth weight infants (ELBW, <1000 g) is still questioned. In a randomised placebo-controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01603368), head growth, but not feeding [...] Read more.
Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 supplementation reduces morbidities in very low birth weight infants (<1500 g), while the effect on extremely low birth weight infants (ELBW, <1000 g) is still questioned. In a randomised placebo-controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01603368), head growth, but not feeding tolerance or morbidities, improved in L. reuteri-supplemented preterm ELBW infants. Here, we investigate colonisation with the probiotic strain in preterm ELBW infants who received L. reuteri DSM 17938 or a placebo from birth to postmenstrual week (PMW) 36. Quantitative PCR was used on 582 faecal DNA samples collected from 132 ELBW infants at one, two, three, and four weeks, at PMW 36, and at two years of age. Human milk oligosaccharides were measured in 31 milk samples at two weeks postpartum. At least 86% of the ELBW infants in the L. reuteri group were colonised with the probiotic strain during the neonatal period, despite low gestational age, high antibiotic pressure, and independent of infant feeding mode. Higher concentrations of lacto-N-tetraose, sialyl-lacto-N-neotetraose c, and 6′-sialyllactose in mother’s milk weakly correlated with lower L. reuteri abundance. Within the L. reuteri group, higher L. reuteri abundance weakly correlated with a shorter time to reach full enteral feeding. Female sex and L. reuteri colonisation improved head growth from birth to four weeks of age. In conclusion, L. reuteri DSM 17938 supplementation leads to successful colonisation in ELBW infants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue An Update on Lactobacillus)
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20 pages, 2599 KiB  
Article
Cranberry Proanthocyanidins and Dietary Oligosaccharides Synergistically Modulate Lactobacillus plantarum Physiology
by Ezgi Özcan, Michelle R. Rozycki and David A. Sela
Microorganisms 2021, 9(3), 656; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030656 - 22 Mar 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3146
Abstract
Plant-based foods contain bioactive compounds such as polyphenols that resist digestion and potentially benefit the host through interactions with their resident microbiota. Based on previous observations, we hypothesized that the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum interacts with cranberry polyphenols and dietary oligosaccharides to synergistically impact [...] Read more.
Plant-based foods contain bioactive compounds such as polyphenols that resist digestion and potentially benefit the host through interactions with their resident microbiota. Based on previous observations, we hypothesized that the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum interacts with cranberry polyphenols and dietary oligosaccharides to synergistically impact its physiology. In this study, L. plantarum ATCC BAA-793 was grown on dietary oligosaccharides, including cranberry xyloglucans, fructooligosaccharides, and human milk oligosaccharides, in conjunction with proanthocyanidins (PACs) extracted from cranberries. As a result, L. plantarum exhibits a differential physiological response to cranberry PACs dependent on the carbohydrate source and polyphenol fraction introduced. Of the two PAC extracts evaluated, the PAC1 fraction contains higher concentrations of PACs and increased growth regardless of the oligosaccharide, whereas PAC2 positively modulates its growth during xyloglucan metabolism. Interestingly, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are efficiently utilized in the presence of PAC1, as this L. plantarum strain does not utilize this substrate typically. Relative to glucose, oligosaccharide metabolism increases the ratio of secreted acetic acid to lactic acid. The PAC2 fraction differentially increases this ratio during cranberry xyloglucan fermentation compared with PAC1. The global transcriptome links the expression of putative polyphenol degradation genes and networks and metabolic phenotypes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue An Update on Lactobacillus)
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