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Bioactive Compounds: Isolation, Identification and Application

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 1951

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
Interests: sex gender physiology; neurological diseases; bioactive compounds; drug delivery system; in vitro toxicology; metal toxicity
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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
Interests: phytochemical compounds; ethnopharmacology; alimurgic plants; biological activity of natural compounds; phytocosmetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The term biologically active compounds mainly indicates secondary plant metabolites (e.g., flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic acids) which favor various physiological functions positively. In this regard, some of them act as antioxidant agents and can thus decrease the risk of various diseases, others stimulate defense mechanisms, prevent widespread damage or improve cell repair. In addition to traditional nutrients, biologically active compounds are contained in so-called "functional foods" and provide a variety of compounds with different structures, from small molecules to high-molecular-weight polymers. To date, a large number of studies have been conducted using pharmacological models (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) which have shown that the consumption of bioactive products has a fundamental role in the prevention of many human diseases. In parallel, numerous studies have been conducted for the development of model systems to accurately evaluate the functional and health properties of pools of biologically active compounds extracted from plant matrices.

The main objective of this Special Issue is to collect the most recent and innovative discoveries concerning the mechanisms of action of biologically active compounds with possible preventive roles towards human health and well-being. Furthermore, the aim is to disseminate more sustainable and selective extraction and isolation techniques as well as more reliable and accurate analytical methods. This is a good opportunity for researchers in the field to present their latest findings in basic and translational research on the functions of biologically active compounds to a wider audience of readers.

Potential topics may include, but are not limited to, the following keywords: 

  • secondary metabolites;
  • functional foods;
  • biological and pharmacological activity;
  • toxicological evaluation;
  • selective extraction and isolation techniques of bioactive compounds.

Dr. Rosanna Mallamaci
Prof. Dr. Filomena Conforti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • secondary metabolites
  • unctional foods
  • biological and pharmacological activity
  • toxicological evaluation
  • selective extraction and isolation techniques of bioactive compounds

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 1155 KiB  
Communication
Two New Compounds from the Endophytic Fungi of Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Their Antimicrobial Activities
by Ping Hai, Yuan Gao, Lian Yang, Nie Chen, Haiyan Jia, Mengdie Wang, Huan Li, Wenli Jiang, Jian Yang and Rongtao Li
Molecules 2023, 28(24), 8043; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28248043 - 12 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 781
Abstract
Two endophytic fungi Trichoderma afroharzianum (HP-3) and Alternaria alstroemeriae (HP-7) were isolated and purified from the fresh root of Dryopteris crassirhizoma. Chemical investigation of the two fungi resulted in the isolation of two new phenols 2,4-dihydroxy-3-farnesyl-5-methoxy benzoic acid (1) and [...] Read more.
Two endophytic fungi Trichoderma afroharzianum (HP-3) and Alternaria alstroemeriae (HP-7) were isolated and purified from the fresh root of Dryopteris crassirhizoma. Chemical investigation of the two fungi resulted in the isolation of two new phenols 2,4-dihydroxy-3-farnesyl-5-methoxy benzoic acid (1) and 2-hydroxyphenethyl 2-phenylacetate (2), together with 22 known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by NMR, UV, IR, HRESIMS, and comparison to the literature data. Compounds 15 and 16 showed significant antibacterial activity against Micrococcus lysodeikticus with MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL, while 8 and 14 displayed moderate inhibitory activities against several plant pathogenic fungi and clinically important bacterial strains. This is the first study to report the isolation, identification, and antimicrobial properties of metabolites from endophytic fungi of D. crassirhizoma. Our findings may provide lead compounds for the development of new antibacterial agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds: Isolation, Identification and Application)
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16 pages, 4788 KiB  
Article
Synthesis, Herbicidal Activity, Mode of Action, and In Silico Analysis of Novel Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine Compounds
by Lijing Min, Wei Liang, Joanna Bajsa-Hirschel, Peng Ye, Qiao Wang, Xinpeng Sun, Charles L. Cantrell, Liang Han, Nabo Sun, Stephen O. Duke and Xinghai Liu
Molecules 2023, 28(21), 7363; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217363 - 31 Oct 2023
Viewed by 933
Abstract
Natural products are a main source of new chemical entities for use in drug and pesticide discovery. In order to discover lead compounds with high herbicidal activity, a series of new pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized using 2-chloronicotinic acid [...] Read more.
Natural products are a main source of new chemical entities for use in drug and pesticide discovery. In order to discover lead compounds with high herbicidal activity, a series of new pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized using 2-chloronicotinic acid as the starting material. Their structures were characterized with 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS, and the herbicidal activities against dicotyledonous lettuce (Lactuca sativa), field mustard (Brassica campestris), monocotyledonous bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) were determined. The results indicated that most of the pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives had no marked inhibitory effect on lettuce at 1 mM. However, most of the pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives possessed good activity against bentgrass at 1 mM. Among them, the most active compound, 3-methyl-1-(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (2o), was as active as the positive controls, the commercial herbicides clomazone and flumioxazin. Molecular simulation was performed with molecular docking and DFT calculations. The docking studies provided strong evidence that 2o acts as an herbicide by inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase. However, the physiological results indicate that it does not act on this target in vivo, implying that it could be metabolically converted to a compound with a different molecular target. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds: Isolation, Identification and Application)
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