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Innovative Computational and Experimental Approaches for Tackling Neurodegenerative Diseases

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2024) | Viewed by 6515

Special Issue Editors

Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
Interests: computational approaches; drug discovery; drug design; molecular modeling; computational chemistry; virtual screening
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
Interests: computational approaches; drug discovery; drug design; molecular modeling; computational chemistry; virtual screening
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodegenerative disorders represent an extremely diverse group of pathological conditions caused by the loss of function of cells located in the central and/or peripheral nervous systems. Several neurodegenerative diseases have been discovered, most of them characterized by a progressive decline of cognitive functions that can result in significant deficits of personality and memory. The identification of effective therapeutic approaches for the treatment of these diseases is of the utmost importance. This is especially true considering that they overall affect more than 5% of worldwide population, with a growing trend owing to aging. Regretfully, effective therapeutic treatments for preventing or solving most of these disorders is missing. Significant drug development efforts have been addressed via computational and experimental methods in the search for novel therapeutic approaches for tackling neurodegenerative diseases. This research has also been supported by the recent increasing level of understanding of the physiopathology of such disorders. On these premises, this Special Issue aims to focus on:

  • The application of computational and experimental approaches to facilitate the understanding of the mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative disorders at the molecular level;
  • The discovery and characterization of novel therapeutic targets for tackling neurodegenerative diseases;
  • The application of innovative experimental approaches, including omics sciences and network pharmacology in research related to neurodegenerative disorders;
  • The application of computational approaches such as bioinformatics, chemoinformatics, artificial intelligence, data-driven techniques and molecular modelling in neurodegenerative disease research;
  • The combined application of experimental and computational methods in neurodegenerative disease research;
  • The application of innovative approaches such as drug repurposing and polypharmacology in neurodegenerative disease research.

Original research articles, short communications, perspectives and insightful reviews providing fruitful considerations and discussions on research related to neurodegenerative diseases are welcome in this Special Issue.

Dr. Luca Pinzi
Prof. Dr. Giulio Rastelli
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • disordered proteins
  • molecular modelling
  • chemoinformatics
  • artificial intelligence
  • experimental techniques
  • polypharmacology
  • drug repurposing

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2781 KiB  
Article
Neuroprotectant Effects of Hibiscetin in 3-Nitropropionic Acid-Induced Huntington’s Disease via Subsiding Oxidative Stress and Modulating Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Rats Brain
by Wael A. Mahdi, Shareefa A. AlGhamdi, Amira M. Alghamdi, Syed Sarim Imam, Sultan Alshehri, Mohammad A. Almaniea, Baraa Mohammed Hajjar, Fahad A. Al-Abbasi, Nadeem Sayyed and Imran Kazmi
Molecules 2023, 28(3), 1402; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031402 - 1 Feb 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2394
Abstract
Background: Previously reported data suggest that hibiscetin, isolated from roselle, contains delphinidin-3-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside including anthocyanidins and has a broad range of physiological effects. In this study, we aim to analyze the effect of hibiscetin neuroprotective ability in rats against 3-nitropropionic acid [...] Read more.
Background: Previously reported data suggest that hibiscetin, isolated from roselle, contains delphinidin-3-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside including anthocyanidins and has a broad range of physiological effects. In this study, we aim to analyze the effect of hibiscetin neuroprotective ability in rats against 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA)-induced Huntington’s disease (HD). Methods: To investigate possible toxicities in animals, oral acute toxicity studies of hibiscetin were undertaken, and results revealed the safety of hibiscetin in animals with a maximum tolerated dose. Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6); (group-1) treated with normal saline, (group-2) hibiscetin (10 mg/kg) only, (group-3) 3-NPA only, and (group-4) 3-NPA +10 mg/kg hibiscetin. The efficacy of hibiscetin 10 mg/kg was studied with the administration of 3-NPA doses for the induction of experimentally induced HD symptoms in rats. The mean body weight (MBW) was recorded at end of the study on day 22 to evaluate any change in mean body weight. Several biochemical parameters were assessed to support oxidative stress (GSH, SOD, CAT, LPO, GR, and GPx), alteration in neurotransmitters (DOPAC, HVA, 5-HIAA, norepinephrine, serotonin, GABA, and dopamine), alterations in BDNF and cleaved caspase (caspase 3) activity. Additionally, inflammatory markers, i.e., tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins beta (IL-1β), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were evaluated. Results: The hibiscetin-treated group exhibits a substantial restoration of MBW than the 3-NPA control group. Furthermore, 3-NPA caused a substantial alteration in biochemical, neurotransmitter monoamines, and neuroinflammatory parameters which were restored successfully by hibiscetin. Conclusion: The current study linked the possible role of hibiscetin by offering neuroprotection in experimental animal models. Full article
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Review

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25 pages, 1930 KiB  
Review
Insights into the Structural Conformations of the Tau Protein in Different Aggregation Status
by Luca Pinzi, Nicolò Bisi, Claudia Sorbi, Silvia Franchini, Nicolò Tonali and Giulio Rastelli
Molecules 2023, 28(11), 4544; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114544 - 4 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3250
Abstract
Tau is a protein characterized by large structural portions displaying extended conformational changes. Unfortunately, the accumulation of this protein into toxic aggregates in neuronal cells leads to a number of severe pathologies, collectively named tauopathies. In the last decade, significant research advancements were [...] Read more.
Tau is a protein characterized by large structural portions displaying extended conformational changes. Unfortunately, the accumulation of this protein into toxic aggregates in neuronal cells leads to a number of severe pathologies, collectively named tauopathies. In the last decade, significant research advancements were achieved, including a better understanding of Tau structures and their implication in different tauopathies. Interestingly, Tau is characterized by a high structural variability depending on the type of disease, the crystallization conditions, and the formation of pathologic aggregates obtained from in vitro versus ex vivo samples. In this review, we reported an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of Tau structures reported in the Protein Data Bank, with a special focus on discussing the connections between structural features, different tauopathies, different crystallization conditions, and the use of in vitro or ex vivo samples. The information reported in this article highlights very interesting links between all these aspects, which we believe may be of particular relevance for a more informed structure-based design of compounds able to modulate Tau aggregation. Full article
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