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Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Products

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021)

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), University Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
Interests: bioactivity; antimicrobials; mode-of-action and target ID; AMR; natural products; screening; zebrafish models; DMPK

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Natural products play an important role in various pharmaceutical applications. In particular, secondary metabolites from plant, microbial, and marine origin continue to contribute to the discovery of novel drugs, e.g., in the fields of oncology and antibiotic therapy. Natural products are so-called “preferred scaffolds” as they often exhibit new modes-of-action and they are considered as evolutionarily optimized to pass biological membrane barriers, the latter making them particularly successful in whole cell-based screening. Over the last four decades, natural products and derivatives thereof made up approximately 50% of all newly approved antibacterial drugs and natural product-based antiinfective molecules were also developed as antiparasitic, antifungal, and antiviral drugs. More recently, natural products are being explored for their use as antivirulence agents (pathoblockers) and as warheads in antibiotic drug-conjugates (the “Trojan horse” strategy). Importantly, sources of new natural products are by far not exhausted and the majority of the world’s biodiversity remains to be explored. Increasing the biodiversity of natural product producers will typically also increase chemical diversity. In turn, screening of chemical diverse scaffolds greatly increases the probability of discovering novel targets and new mechanisms of action. This Special Issue on “Antimicrobial Activities of Natural Products” aims to cover recent progress and trends in the field of natural product discovery with a focus on molecules exhibiting antimicrobial activity. Contributions to this issue, both in the form of original research or review articles, may cover all aspects of antimicrobial natural products. Multidisciplinary studies on new natural products and derivatives are particularly welcome.

Dr. Jennifer Herrmann
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Natural products and derivatives
  • Antibacterial compounds
  • Antifungal compounds
  • Antimicrobial targets
  • Screening
  • Target identification
  • Antimicrobial resistance
  • Multi-drug resistant pathogens
  • Structure-activity relationships
  • Marine natural product producers
  • Plant natural products
  • Microbial natural product producers

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1417 KiB  
Article
Mass Spectrometric Identification of Antimicrobial Peptides from Medicinal Seeds
by Tessa B. Moyer, Amanda M. Brechbill and Leslie M. Hicks
Molecules 2021, 26(23), 7304; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237304 - 1 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2375
Abstract
Traditional medicinal plants contain a variety of bioactive natural products including cysteine-rich (Cys-rich) antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Cys-rich AMPs are often crosslinked by multiple disulfide bonds which increase their resistance to chemical and enzymatic degradation. However, this class of molecules is relatively underexplored. Herein, [...] Read more.
Traditional medicinal plants contain a variety of bioactive natural products including cysteine-rich (Cys-rich) antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Cys-rich AMPs are often crosslinked by multiple disulfide bonds which increase their resistance to chemical and enzymatic degradation. However, this class of molecules is relatively underexplored. Herein, in silico analysis predicted 80–100 Cys-rich AMPs per species from three edible traditional medicinal plants: Linum usitatissimum (flax), Trifolium pratense (red clover), and Sesamum indicum (sesame). Bottom-up proteomic analysis of seed peptide extracts revealed direct evidence for the translation of 3–10 Cys-rich AMPs per species, including lipid transfer proteins, defensins, α-hairpinins, and snakins. Negative activity revealed by antibacterial screening highlights the importance of employing a multi-pronged approach for AMP discovery. Further, this study demonstrates that flax, red clover, and sesame are promising sources for further AMP discovery and characterization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Products)
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17 pages, 3834 KiB  
Article
Anti-Fungal Hevein-like Peptides Biosynthesized from Quinoa Cleavable Hololectins
by Shining Loo, Stephanie V. Tay, Antony Kam, Fan Tang, Jing-Song Fan, Daiwen Yang and James P. Tam
Molecules 2021, 26(19), 5909; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26195909 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2414
Abstract
Chitin-binding hevein-like peptides (CB-HLPs) belong to a family of cysteine-rich peptides that play important roles in plant stress and defense mechanisms. CB-HLPs are ribosomally synthesized peptides that are known to be bioprocessed from the following two types of three-domain CB-HLP precursor architectures: cargo-carrying [...] Read more.
Chitin-binding hevein-like peptides (CB-HLPs) belong to a family of cysteine-rich peptides that play important roles in plant stress and defense mechanisms. CB-HLPs are ribosomally synthesized peptides that are known to be bioprocessed from the following two types of three-domain CB-HLP precursor architectures: cargo-carrying and non-cargo-carrying. Here, we report the identification and characterization of chenotides biosynthesized from the third type of precursors, which are cleavable hololectins of the quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) family. Chenotides are 6-Cys-CB-HLPs of 29–31 amino acids, which have a third type of precursor architecture that encompasses a canonical chitin-binding domain that is involved in chitin binding and anti-fungal activities. Microbroth dilution assays and microscopic analyses showed that chenotides are effective against phyto-pathogenic fungi in the micromolar range. Structure determination revealed that chenotides are cystine knotted and highly compact, which could confer resistance against heat and proteolytic degradation. Importantly, chenotides are connected by a novel 18-residue Gly/Ala-rich linker that is a target for bioprocessing by cathepsin-like endopeptidases. Taken together, our findings reveal that chenotides are a new family of CB-HLPs from quinoa that are synthesized as a single multi-modular unit and bioprocessed to yield individual mature CB-HLPs. Importantly, such precursors constitute a new family of cleavable hololectins. This unusual feature could increase the biosynthetic efficiency of anti-fungal CB-HLPs, to provide an evolutionary advantage for plant survival and reproduction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Products)
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