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Porphyrins and Its Derivatives: Design, Synthesis and Applications

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Organic Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2019) | Viewed by 22993

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
Interests: dye-sensitized solar cells; electrochemistry; hole-transporting materials; porphyrins; organic dyes; organic solar cells
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Porphyrins are naturally occurring tetrapyrrolic macrocycles composed of four pyrrole units linked by methine bridges with many distinct chemical, photophysical, and electrochemical properties owing to the expanded aromatic π‐conjugation. Porphyrin-related compounds play a pivotal role in biological systems such as oxygen binding and transport, catalytic oxidations, and light harvesting. The importance of porphyrinoids found in plants and animals has inspired researchers to design and synthesize a variety of model compounds to mimic their biological functions. The unique electrochemical and photophysical properties of porphyrins have provided incentives for the design of biomimetic functional materials for the application of molecular electronics.

This Special Issue will focus on the preparation and application of porphyrin-related macrocycles. Research articles and reviews in all areas of porphyrin chemistry including synthesis and modification, catalysis, spectroscopic characterization, theoretical calculations and modelling, photodynamic therapy and diagnostics, optoelectronic properties, biological models, and solar cell applications are encouraged. Articles and reviews focusing on supramolecular chemistry, self-assembly, and multiporphyrins are welcome as well.

Prof. Chen-Yu Yeh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Catalytic reactions
  • Multiporphyrins
  • Optoelectronic applications
  • Photosensitizers
  • Photosynthesis
  • Porphyrinoids
  • Tetrapyrroles.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 3594 KiB  
Communication
Exploration of Li-Organic Batteries Using Hexaphyrin as an Active Cathode Material
by Ji-Young Shin, Zhongyue Zhang, Kunio Awaga and Hiroshi Shinokubo
Molecules 2019, 24(13), 2433; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132433 - 02 Jul 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2563
Abstract
Lithium-collaborating organic batteries (Li-[28]hexs) were investigated with [28]hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1) as an active electrode material. Each hexaphyrin of [28]Hex cathode ideally involved four electrons per unit cycle and performed a typical charge/discharge processes of Li-organic battery. Li-[28]Hex batteries set with fast charging rates showed reasonably [...] Read more.
Lithium-collaborating organic batteries (Li-[28]hexs) were investigated with [28]hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1) as an active electrode material. Each hexaphyrin of [28]Hex cathode ideally involved four electrons per unit cycle and performed a typical charge/discharge processes of Li-organic battery. Li-[28]Hex batteries set with fast charging rates showed reasonably stable charge and discharge performances over 200 cycles even though it caused incomplete (2~3 electrons) charge/discharge cycles due to failing the complete charging process. UV absorption changes of [28]hexaphyrin in CH2Cl2 were supplementary for the electrochemical oxidation, which performed a conversion from [28]hexaphyrin to [26]hexaphyrin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porphyrins and Its Derivatives: Design, Synthesis and Applications)
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Review

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15 pages, 8839 KiB  
Review
Porphyrin as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Agent
by Ncediwe Tsolekile, Simphiwe Nelana and Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi
Molecules 2019, 24(14), 2669; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24142669 - 23 Jul 2019
Cited by 113 | Viewed by 8146
Abstract
The synthesis and application of porphyrins has seen a huge shift towards research in porphyrin bio-molecular based systems in the past decade. The preferential localization of porphyrins in tumors, as well as their ability to generate reactive singlet oxygen and low dark toxicities [...] Read more.
The synthesis and application of porphyrins has seen a huge shift towards research in porphyrin bio-molecular based systems in the past decade. The preferential localization of porphyrins in tumors, as well as their ability to generate reactive singlet oxygen and low dark toxicities has resulted in their use in therapeutic applications such as photodynamic therapy. However, their inherent lack of bio-distribution due to water insolubility has shifted research into porphyrin-nanomaterial conjugated systems to address this challenge. This has broadened their bio-applications, viz. bio-sensors, fluorescence tracking, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT imaging to photo-immuno-therapy just to highlight a few. This paper reviews the unique theranostic role of porphyrins in disease diagnosis and therapy. The review highlights porphyrin conjugated systems and their applications. The review ends by bringing current challenges and future perspectives of porphyrin based conjugated systems and their respective applications into light. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porphyrins and Its Derivatives: Design, Synthesis and Applications)
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28 pages, 4514 KiB  
Review
Application of Porphyrins in Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy
by Bamidele M. Amos-Tautua, Sandile P. Songca and Oluwatobi S. Oluwafemi
Molecules 2019, 24(13), 2456; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132456 - 04 Jul 2019
Cited by 170 | Viewed by 11672
Abstract
Antibiotics are commonly used to control, treat, or prevent bacterial infections, however bacterial resistance to all known classes of traditional antibiotics has greatly increased in the past years especially in hospitals rendering certain therapies ineffective. To limit this emerging public health problem, there [...] Read more.
Antibiotics are commonly used to control, treat, or prevent bacterial infections, however bacterial resistance to all known classes of traditional antibiotics has greatly increased in the past years especially in hospitals rendering certain therapies ineffective. To limit this emerging public health problem, there is a need to develop non-incursive, non-toxic, and new antimicrobial techniques that act more effectively and quicker than the current antibiotics. One of these effective techniques is antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). This review focuses on the application of porphyrins in the photo-inactivation of bacteria. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance and some of the current ‘greener’ methods of synthesis of meso-phenyl porphyrins are discussed. In addition, significance and limitations of aPDT are also discussed. Furthermore, we also elaborate on the current clinical applications and the future perspectives and directions of this non-antibiotic therapeutic strategy in combating infectious diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porphyrins and Its Derivatives: Design, Synthesis and Applications)
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