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Nanomaterials
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Biosensors Based on Nanostructure Materials
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Biosensors Based on Nanostructure Materials

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 21417

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Camelia Bala

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Director Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: sensors and biosensors; analytical electrochemistry; nanostructured interfaces; bioanalytical chemistry; immobilization procedure of biomolecules
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

At present, the biosensors technology is a particular interest because of the multiple applications from monitoring glucose level in diabetes patients, food analysis, environmental applications, protein engineering, drug discovery, and security applications. The trends in biosensor technology over the past few years have been to use nanomaterials in order to enhance sensing capabilities. This Special Issue aims at collecting reviews and recent papers on the recent advancements on nanomaterials for the fabrication of biosensors devices for healthcare diagnostics, food quality control, environmental monitoring, security, and bioprocessing. Furthermore, the combination of different nanomaterials in the same sensing interface, each with its characteristics, to further enhance the performances of biosensors, is accepted.

Prof. Dr. Camelia Bala
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Biosensors
  • Nanotechnologies for biosensor
  • Nanomaterials
  • Carbonaceous materials
  • Nanocomposite polymers
  • Nanoparticles
  • Nanofibers
  • Quantum dots
  • Molecular imprinted polymer
  • Plasmonic nanostructures
  • Healthcare
  • Lab-on-chip
  • Security
  • Point-of-care
  • Food control
  • Environmental monitoring

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 8301 KiB  
Article
Optimization of GOPS-Based Functionalization Process and Impact of Aptamer Grafting on the Si Nanonet FET Electrical Properties as First Steps towards Thrombin Electrical Detection
by Monica Vallejo-Perez, Céline Ternon, Nicolas Spinelli, Fanny Morisot, Christoforos Theodorou, Ganesh Jayakumar, Per-Erik Hellström, Mireille Mouis, Laetitia Rapenne, Xavier Mescot, Bassem Salem and Valérie Stambouli
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(9), 1842; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10091842 - 15 Sep 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2446
Abstract
Field effect transistors (FETs) based on networks of randomly oriented Si nanowires (Si nanonets or Si NNs) were biomodified using Thrombin Binding Aptamer (TBA–15) probe with the final objective to sense thrombin by electrical detection. In this work, the impact of the biomodification [...] Read more.
Field effect transistors (FETs) based on networks of randomly oriented Si nanowires (Si nanonets or Si NNs) were biomodified using Thrombin Binding Aptamer (TBA–15) probe with the final objective to sense thrombin by electrical detection. In this work, the impact of the biomodification on the electrical properties of the Si NN–FETs was studied. First, the results that were obtained for the optimization of the (3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPS)-based biofunctionalization process by using UV radiation are reported. The biofunctionalized devices were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), proving that TBA–15 probes were properly grafted on the surface of the devices, and by means of epifluorescence microscopy it was possible to demonstrate that the UV-assisted GOPS-based functionalization notably improves the homogeneity of the surface DNA distribution. Later, the electrical characteristics of 80 devices were analyzed before and after the biofunctionalization process, indicating that the results are highly dependent on the experimental protocol. We found that the TBA–15 hybridization capacity with its complementary strand is time dependent and that the transfer characteristics of the Si NN–FETs obtained after the TBA–15 probe grafting are also time dependent. These results help to elucidate and define the experimental precautions that must be taken into account to fabricate reproducible devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors Based on Nanostructure Materials)
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14 pages, 2148 KiB  
Article
Quantitative and Selective Surface Plasmon Resonance Response Based on a Reduced Graphene Oxide–Polyamidoamine Nanocomposite for Detection of Dengue Virus E-Proteins
by Nur Alia Sheh Omar, Yap Wing Fen, Jaafar Abdullah, Amir Reza Sadrolhosseini, Yasmin Mustapha Kamil, Nurul ‘Illya Muhamad Fauzi, Hazwani Suhaila Hashim and Mohd Adzir Mahdi
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(3), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10030569 - 21 Mar 2020
Cited by 65 | Viewed by 4687
Abstract
Dengue viral infection is one of the most common deadliest diseases and has become a recurrent issue for public health in tropical countries. Although the spectrum of clinical diagnosis and treatment have recently been established, the efficient and rapid detection of dengue virus [...] Read more.
Dengue viral infection is one of the most common deadliest diseases and has become a recurrent issue for public health in tropical countries. Although the spectrum of clinical diagnosis and treatment have recently been established, the efficient and rapid detection of dengue virus (DENV) during viremia and the early febrile phase is still a great challenge. In this study, a dithiobis (succinimidyl undecanoate, DSU)/amine-functionalized reduced graphene oxide-–polyamidoamine dendrimer (DSU/amine-functionalized rGO–PAMAM) thin film-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor was developed for the detection of DENV 2 E-proteins. Different concentrations of DENV 2 E-proteins were successfully tested by the developed SPR sensor-based system. The performance of the developed sensor showed increased shift in the SPR angle, narrow full-width–half-maximum of the SPR curve, high detection accuracy, excellent figure of merit and signal-to-noise ratio, good sensitivity values in the range of 0.08–0.5 pM (S = 0.2576°/pM, R2 = 0.92), and a high equilibrium association constant (KA) of 7.6452 TM−1. The developed sensor also showed a sensitive and selective response towards DENV 2 E-proteins compared to DENV 1 E-proteins and ZIKV (Zika virus) E-proteins. Overall, it was concluded that the Au/DSU/amine-functionalized rGO–PAMAM thin film-based SPR sensor has potential to serve as a rapid clinical diagnostic tool for DENV infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors Based on Nanostructure Materials)
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12 pages, 2583 KiB  
Article
Construction of Time-Resolved Luminescence Nanoprobe and Its Application in As(III) Detection
by Teng Chen, Haitao Wang, Zhouping Wang and Mingqian Tan
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(3), 551; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10030551 - 19 Mar 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2437
Abstract
As(III) is a toxic heavy metal which causes serious health problems. Therefore, the development of highly sensitive sensors for As(III) detection is of great significance. Herein, a turn-on luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) method based on luminous nanorods was designed for As(III) detection. [...] Read more.
As(III) is a toxic heavy metal which causes serious health problems. Therefore, the development of highly sensitive sensors for As(III) detection is of great significance. Herein, a turn-on luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) method based on luminous nanorods was designed for As(III) detection. Biotin-labelled As(III) aptamers were tagged to avidin functionalized luminous nanorods as energy donors, while graphene oxide (GO) acted as the energy acceptor. The adsorption of single-stranded DNA on graphene oxide resulted in the efficient quenching of the luminescence of the nanorods through the LRET process. In the presence of As(III), aptamers bonded to As(III) preferentially and resulted in the formation of aptamer-As(III) complexes. The aptamer-As(III) complexes were rubbed off from the GO surface due to their conformational change, which led to the recovery of the luminescence of the nanorods. A good linear relationship between the luminescence intensity and concentration of As(III) was obtained in the range from 1 to 50 ng·mL−1, with a detection limit of 0.5 ng·mL−1. Furthermore, the developed sensors showed good specificity towards As(III) and proved capable of detecting As(III) in the environment and food samples. The proposed time-resolved sensors provide a promising sensing strategy for the rapid and sensitive detection of As(III). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors Based on Nanostructure Materials)
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10 pages, 2188 KiB  
Article
KxWO Is a Novel Ferroelectric Nanomaterial for Application as a Room Temperature Acetone Sensor
by Michael E. Johnson, Qifeng Zhang and Danling Wang
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(2), 225; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10020225 - 28 Jan 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2494
Abstract
A newly synthesized nanomaterial known as KxW7O22 (KxWO) exhibits a stable room-temperature ferroelectric property. This unique ferroelectric property has revealed that KxWO is a promising material for application in a breath sensor, which can [...] Read more.
A newly synthesized nanomaterial known as KxW7O22 (KxWO) exhibits a stable room-temperature ferroelectric property. This unique ferroelectric property has revealed that KxWO is a promising material for application in a breath sensor, which can be used for patients to monitor their daily health condition and diagnose disease at every early stage with low cost, convenience, and non-invasion. In this study, we successfully synthesized nano-structured KxWO through a low cost but high yield hydrothermal method. The sensing response of KxWO to acetone is examined based on a chemiresistive effect. For the first time, we systematically studied how material structures and the component, potassium (K), can affect KxWO-based sensing performance. The results indicate that the low temperature ferroelectric property of KxWO causes an excellent response to acetone, which is the biomarker for diabetes. The lowest detection limit can be down to 0.1 ppm and the KxWO-based sensor can operate at room temperature. In addition, the Kx component KxWO and its crystal structure also play an important role in improving its sensing performance. Our results provide advanced research in (1) exploring the study of KxWO material properties by tailoring the concentration of the potassium in KxWO and introducing the surfactant Pluronic L-121 in the growing process, and (2) optimizing KxWO sensing performance by controlling its material properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors Based on Nanostructure Materials)
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12 pages, 2537 KiB  
Article
A Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensor for Detection of the Tumor Marker CA242 Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide-Gold-Palladium Nanocomposite
by Xin Du, Xiaodi Zheng, Zhenhua Zhang, Xiaofan Wu, Lei Sun, Jun Zhou and Min Liu
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(9), 1335; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9091335 - 18 Sep 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3154
Abstract
As a tumor marker, carbohydrate antigen 24-2 (CA242) is a highly accurate and specific diagnostic indicator for monitoring pancreatic and colorectal cancers. The goal of this study was to create a novel label-free electrochemical immunosensor using a nanocomposite glassy carbon electrode for the [...] Read more.
As a tumor marker, carbohydrate antigen 24-2 (CA242) is a highly accurate and specific diagnostic indicator for monitoring pancreatic and colorectal cancers. The goal of this study was to create a novel label-free electrochemical immunosensor using a nanocomposite glassy carbon electrode for the detection of CA242. Graphene oxide (GO) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone were chosen as the dopants for the preparation of a high-performance reduced-GO-gold-palladium (rGO-Au-Pd) nanocomposite. RGO-Au-Pd was characterized using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, revealing that the material exhibited superior electrochemical redox activity and electron transfer ability. The effects of the synthesis method, material concentration, reduction cycle, and pH were investigated to optimize the performance of the immunosensor. As a result of the catalytic activity and biocompatibility of rGO-Au-Pd, the prepared CA242 immunosensor displayed a wide linear range of detection from 0.001 U/mL to 10,000 U/mL with a detection limit of 1.54 × 10−3 U/mL and a sensitivity of 4.24 μA (log10CCA242)−1. More importantly, the immunosensor exhibited satisfactory reproducibility and selectivity when detected CA242 in PBS or human serum. The results of our study provide a platform for the development of novel bioassays for use in early cancer diagnosis and promote the application of biosensing technology in the medical field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors Based on Nanostructure Materials)
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Review

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18 pages, 3489 KiB  
Review
Porous Gold: A New Frontier for Enzyme-Based Electrodes
by Paolo Bollella
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(4), 722; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10040722 - 10 Apr 2020
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 5640
Abstract
Porous gold (PG) layers modified electrodes have emerged as valuable enzyme support to realize multiple enzyme-based bioelectrochemical devices like biosensors, enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs), smart drug delivery devices triggered by enzyme catalyzed reactions, etc. PG films can be synthesized by using different methods [...] Read more.
Porous gold (PG) layers modified electrodes have emerged as valuable enzyme support to realize multiple enzyme-based bioelectrochemical devices like biosensors, enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs), smart drug delivery devices triggered by enzyme catalyzed reactions, etc. PG films can be synthesized by using different methods such as dealloying, electrochemical (e.g., templated electrochemical deposition, self-templated electrochemical deposition, etc.) self-assembly and sputter deposition. This review aims to summarize the recent findings about PG synthesis and electrosynthesis, its characterization and application for enzyme-based electrodes used for biosensors and enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs) development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors Based on Nanostructure Materials)
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