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Nanomaterials
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Up- and Down-Conversion Nanoparticles for Light Sources and Theranostics
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Up- and Down-Conversion Nanoparticles for Light Sources and Theranostics

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2021) | Viewed by 4995

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yurii Orlovskii

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Street, 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
Interests: luminescence; multiphonon relaxation and nonradiative energy transfer of optical excitation in bulk crystals and nanocrystals doped by rare-earth ions; color centers in crystals; mid-IR lasers; time-resolved fluorescence site-selective spectroscopy of solids; entangled quantum states; quantum logic gates; nanoscale optical heaters and thermosensors; laser-based techniques for medical diagnostics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In addition to traditional applications as light sources, luminescent crystalline dielectric nanoparticles doped with rare earth ions and nanodiamonds with color optical centers have been attracting attention as a new class of drugs combining properties for both diagnostic and therapeutic effects. They can serve, for example, in diagnosing cancer at the early stages of disease, as well as in localized controlled treatment that is noninvasive for healthy tissues. In spite of great progress in the synthesis of luminescent up- and downconversion crystalline nanoparticles, their fluorescence efficiency is still far behind the similar bulk crystals or organic dyes and quantum dots. The problems are associated either with additional luminescence quenching channels and mechanisms that are not characteristic of bulk crystals or small absorption cross-sections of partially forbidden 4f–4f dipole transitions of rare earth ions. Finding ways to significantly increase the luminescence efficiency of the rare earth-doped nanoparticles will enable their actual application in bio-imaging. Another prospective research area is related with the ability of nanoparticles to locally heat biotissues under laser excitation, allowing the possibility of them being used as noninvasive high-precision thermal sensors at physiological temperature range. This direction also requires the efforts of the scientific community to achieve the goal of the practical use of nanoparticles for biomedical applications, including theranostics. Last, but not least, an important problem to be solved in application is in elimination of the effects of agglomeration of single nanocrystals in aqueous colloidal solutions into aggregates, which can greatly narrow the scope of their possible applications, which includes imaging and temperature measurement inside living cells.

The purpose of this special collection of papers is to introduce the reader to new approaches for improvement of the physical, optical, and luminescent properties of crystalline nanoparticles, as well as their aqueous colloidal solutions, for use as light sources and in theranostics. Both original papers and reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Yurii Orlovskii
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • crystalline dielectric-doped nanoparticles
  • rare earth ions
  • nanodiamonds
  • color optical centers
  • aqueous colloidal solutions of the nanoparticles
  • core–shell nanoparticles
  • ensembles and single nanoparticles
  • luminescence sensitization and quenching
  • nonradiative quenching energy transfer
  • thermal, thermo-optical, and thermoluminescent properties
  • nanoheaters
  • luminescent thermosensors

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 4418 KiB  
Article
Stable Aqueous Colloidal Solutions of Nd3+: LaF3 Nanoparticles, Promising for Luminescent Bioimaging in the Near-Infrared Spectral Range
by Alexandr Popov, Elena Orlovskaya, Artem Shaidulin, Ekaterina Vagapova, Elena Timofeeva, Leonid Dolgov, Lyudmila Iskhakova, Oleg Uvarov, Grigoriy Novikov, Mihkel Rähn, Aile Tamm, Alexander Vanetsev, Stanislav Fedorenko, Svetlana Eliseeva, Stephane Petoud and Yurii Orlovskii
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(11), 2847; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112847 - 26 Oct 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1982
Abstract
Two series of stable aqueous colloidal solutions of Nd3+: LaF3 single-phase well-crystallized nanoparticles (NPs), possessing a fluorcerite structure with different activator concentrations in each series, were synthesized. A hydrothermal method involving microwave-assisted heating (HTMW) in two Berghof speedwave devices equipped [...] Read more.
Two series of stable aqueous colloidal solutions of Nd3+: LaF3 single-phase well-crystallized nanoparticles (NPs), possessing a fluorcerite structure with different activator concentrations in each series, were synthesized. A hydrothermal method involving microwave-assisted heating (HTMW) in two Berghof speedwave devices equipped with one magnetron (type I) or two magnetrons (type II) was used. The average sizes of NPs are 15.4 ± 6 nm (type I) and 21 ± 7 nm (type II). Both types of NPs have a size distribution that is well described by a double Gaussian function. The fluorescence kinetics of the 4F3/2 level of the Nd3+ ion for NPs of both types, in contrast to a similar bulk crystal, demonstrates a luminescence quenching associated not only with Nd–Nd self-quenching, but also with an additional Nd–OH quenching. A method has been developed for determining the spontaneous radiative lifetime of the excited state of a dopant ion, with the significant contribution of the luminescence quenching caused by the presence of the impurity OH– acceptors located in the bulk of NPs. The relative quantum yield of fluorescence and the fluorescence brightness of an aqueous colloidal solution of type II NPs with an optimal concentration of Nd3+ are only 2.5 times lower than those of analogous Nd3+: LaF3 single crystals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Up- and Down-Conversion Nanoparticles for Light Sources and Theranostics)
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12 pages, 2928 KiB  
Article
Temperature Sensing in the Short-Wave Infrared Spectral Region Using Core-Shell NaGdF4:Yb3+, Ho3+, Er3+@NaYF4 Nanothermometers
by Daria Pominova, Vera Proydakova, Igor Romanishkin, Anastasia Ryabova, Sergei Kuznetsov, Oleg Uvarov, Pavel Fedorov and Victor Loschenov
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(10), 1992; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10101992 - 9 Oct 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2345
Abstract
The short-wave infrared region (SWIR) is promising for deep-tissue visualization and temperature sensing due to higher penetration depth and reduced scattering of radiation. However, the strong quenching of luminescence in biological media and low thermal sensitivity of nanothermometers in this region are major [...] Read more.
The short-wave infrared region (SWIR) is promising for deep-tissue visualization and temperature sensing due to higher penetration depth and reduced scattering of radiation. However, the strong quenching of luminescence in biological media and low thermal sensitivity of nanothermometers in this region are major drawbacks that limit their practical application. Nanoparticles doped with rare-earth ions are widely used as thermal sensors operating in the SWIR region through the luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) approach. In this study, the effect of the shell on the sensitivity of temperature determination using NaGdF4 nanoparticles doped with rare-earth ions (REI) Yb3+, Ho3+, and Er3+ coated with an inert NaYF4 shell was investigated. We found that coating the nanoparticles with a shell significantly increases the intensity of luminescence in the SWIR range, prevents water from quenching luminescence, and decreases the temperature of laser-induced heating. Thermometry in the SWIR spectral region was demonstrated using synthesized nanoparticles in dry powder and in water. The core-shell nanoparticles obtained had intense luminescence and made it possible to determine temperatures in the range of 20–40 °C. The relative thermal sensitivity of core-shell NPs was 0.68% °C−1 in water and 4.2% °C−1 in dry powder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Up- and Down-Conversion Nanoparticles for Light Sources and Theranostics)
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