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A special issue of Particles (ISSN 2571-712X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2019) | Viewed by 24751

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Valery E. Lyubovitskij

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Guest Editor

Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Tübingen, Kepler Center for Astro and Particle Physics,
Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D–72076 Tübingen, Germany
Interests: AdS/QCD; effective field theories; hadron physics; physics beyond SM
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Mikhail Ivanov

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Guest Editor

Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
Interests: effective field theories; hadron physics; physics beyond SM
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Thomas Gutsche

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Guest Editor

Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Tübingen, Kepler Center for Astro and Particle Physics, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D–72076 Tübingen, Germany
Interests: AdS/QCD; effective field theories; hadron physics; physics beyond SM

Prof. Dr. Jürgen G. Körner

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
Interests: particle phenomenology; heavy quark physics; polarization observables; radiative corrections

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are happy to announce that the new Journal Particles will produce a Special Issue “QCD and Hadron Structure” on recent developments in this area. This Special Issue will be devoted to the memory of Professor Garry Efimov (1934–2015), a well-known physicist who worked in the Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics (JINR, Russia), and was a world expert in the field of theoretical and mathematical physics. He made significant contributions to the nonlocal extension of quantum field theory, the development of mathematical methods in particle physics, and the construction of QCD-inspired approaches for the study of hadron structure.

The papers submitted to this Special Issue are expected to reflect original work or be a balanced review of a field. All submissions will be peer-reviewed by internationally recognized experts.

This Special Issue will contain up-to-date coverage of the topic “QCD and Hadron Physics”, which is centered on new results in QCD and particle phenomenology. We expect that this Issue will have a cross-disciplinary nature and will be equally useful for wide audiences: students, postdoctoral fellows, and senior researchers.

As the Guest Editors, we would like to invite you to submit your unpublished and original research relevant to this topic for publication in this Special Issue of Particles.

Dr. Valery E. Lyubovitskij
Prof. Mikhail Ivanov
Prof. Thomas Gutsche
Prof. Jürgen G. Körner
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Particles is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Hadrons
Quarks
Form Factors
Distribution functions
Decays

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 436 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Nonlocal Scalar Quantum Field Theory—Functional Integration, Basis Functions Representation and Strong Coupling Expansion

by Matthew Bernard, Vladislav A. Guskov, Mikhail G. Ivanov, Alexey E. Kalugin and Stanislav L. Ogarkov

Particles 2019, 2(3), 385-410; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles2030024 - 29 Aug 2019

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 5133

Abstract

Nonlocal quantum field theory (QFT) of one-component scalar field

φ

in D-dimensional Euclidean spacetime is considered. The generating functional (GF) of complete Green functions

Z

as a functional of external source j, coupling constant g and spatial measure

d μ

is [...] Read more.

Nonlocal quantum field theory (QFT) of one-component scalar field

φ

in D-dimensional Euclidean spacetime is considered. The generating functional (GF) of complete Green functions

Z

as a functional of external source j, coupling constant g and spatial measure

d μ

is studied. An expression for GF

Z

in terms of the abstract integral over the primary field

φ

is given. An expression for GF

Z

in terms of integrals over the primary field and separable Hilbert space (HS) is obtained by means of a separable expansion of the free theory inverse propagator

\hat{L}

over the separable HS basis. The classification of functional integration measures

D [φ]

is formulated, according to which trivial and two nontrivial versions of GF

Z

are obtained. Nontrivial versions of GF

Z

are expressed in terms of 1-norm and 0-norm, respectively. In the 1-norm case in terms of the original symbol for the product integral, the definition for the functional integration measure

D [φ]

over the primary field is suggested. In the 0-norm case, the definition and the meaning of 0-norm are given in terms of the replica-functional Taylor series. The definition of the 0-norm generator

Ψ

is suggested. Simple cases of sharp and smooth generators are considered. An alternative derivation of GF

Z

in terms of 0-norm is also given. All these definitions allow to calculate corresponding functional integrals over

φ

in quadratures. Expressions for GF

Z

in terms of integrals over the separable HS, aka the basis functions representation, with new integrands are obtained. For polynomial theories

φ^{2 n}, n = 2, 3, 4, \dots,

and for the nonpolynomial theory

{sinh}^{4} φ

, integrals over the separable HS in terms of a power series over the inverse coupling constant

1 / \sqrt{g}

for both norms (1-norm and 0-norm) are calculated. Thus, the strong coupling expansion in all theories considered is given. “Phase transitions” and critical values of model parameters are found numerically. A generalization of the theory to the case of the uncountable integral over HS is formulated—GF

Z

for an arbitrary QFT and the strong coupling expansion for the theory

φ^{4}

are derived. Finally a comparison of two GFs

Z

, one on the continuous lattice of functions and one obtained using the Parseval–Plancherel identity, is given. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue QCD and Hadron Structure)

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8 pages, 367 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Estimation of Nucleon D-Term in QCD

by Igor V. Anikin

Particles 2019, 2(3), 357-364; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles2030022 - 28 Jun 2019

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2238

Abstract

Using the light-cone sum rules at leading order, we present an approach to perform the preliminary upper estimation for the nucleon gravitational form factor

D (t)

(D-term contribution). Comparison with the experimental data and with the results of different [...] Read more.

Using the light-cone sum rules at leading order, we present an approach to perform the preliminary upper estimation for the nucleon gravitational form factor

D (t)

(D-term contribution). Comparison with the experimental data and with the results of different models is discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue QCD and Hadron Structure)

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18 pages, 757 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Novel Ideas in Nonleptonic Decays of Double Heavy Baryons

by Thomas Gutsche, Mikhail A. Ivanov, Jürgen G. Körner and Valery E. Lyubovitskij

Particles 2019, 2(2), 339-356; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles2020021 - 13 Jun 2019

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2879

Abstract

The recent discovery of double charm baryon states by the LHCb Collaborarion and their high precision mass determination calls for a comprehensive analysis of the nonleptonic decays of double and single heavy baryons. Nonleptonic baryon decays play an important role in particle phenomenology since they allow for studying the interplay of long and short distance dynamics of the Standard Model (SM). Furthermore, they allow one to search for New Physics effects beyond the SM. We review recent progress in experimental and theoretical studies of the nonleptonic decays of heavy baryons with a focus on double charm baryon states and their decays. In particular, we discuss new ideas proposed by the present authors to calculate the W-exchange matrix elements of the nonleptonic decays of double heavy baryons. An important ingredient in our approach is the compositeness condition of Salam and Weinberg, and an effective implementation of infrared confinement both of which allow one to describe the nonperturbative structure of baryons composed of light and heavy quarks. Furthermore, we discuss an ab initio calculational method for the treatment of the so-called W-exchange diagrams generated by

W^{\pm}

boson exchange between quarks. We found that the

W^{\pm}

-exchange contributions are not suppressed in comparison with the tree-level (factorizing) diagrams and must be taken into account in the evaluation of matrix elements. Moreover, there are decay processes such as the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decay

Ξ_{c}^{+} \to p ϕ

recently observed by the LHCb Collaboration, which is contributed to only by one single W-exchange diagram. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue QCD and Hadron Structure)

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17 pages, 363 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Strong Effective Coupling, Meson Ground States, and Glueball within Analytic Confinement

by Gurjav Ganbold

Particles 2019, 2(2), 180-196; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles2020013 - 01 Apr 2019

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2824

Abstract

The phenomena of strong running coupling and hadron mass generating have been studied in the framework of a QCD-inspired relativistic model of quark-gluon interaction with infrared-confined propagators. We derived a meson mass equation and revealed a specific new behavior of the mass-dependent strong [...] Read more.

{\hat{α}}_{s} (M)

defined in the time-like region. A new infrared freezing point

{\hat{α}}_{s} (0) = 1.03198

at origin has been found and it did not depend on the confinement scale

Λ > 0

. Independent and new estimates on the scalar glueball mass, ‘radius’ and gluon condensate value have been performed. The spectrum of conventional mesons have been calculated by introducing a minimal set of parameters: the masses of constituent quarks and

Λ

. The obtained values are in good agreement with the latest experimental data with relative errors less than 1.8 percent. Accurate estimates of the leptonic decay constants of pseudoscalar and vector mesons have been performed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue QCD and Hadron Structure)

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37 pages, 1051 KiB

Open AccessArticle

S-Matrix of Nonlocal Scalar Quantum Field Theory in Basis Functions Representation

by Ivan V. Chebotarev, Vladislav A. Guskov, Stanislav L. Ogarkov and Matthew Bernard

Particles 2019, 2(1), 103-139; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles2010009 - 19 Feb 2019

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7303

Abstract

Nonlocal quantum theory of a one-component scalar field in D-dimensional Euclidean spacetime is studied in representations of

S

-matrix theory for both polynomial and nonpolynomial interaction Lagrangians. The theory is formulated on coupling constant g in the form of an infrared smooth [...] Read more.

Nonlocal quantum theory of a one-component scalar field in D-dimensional Euclidean spacetime is studied in representations of

S

-matrix theory for both polynomial and nonpolynomial interaction Lagrangians. The theory is formulated on coupling constant g in the form of an infrared smooth function of argument x for space without boundary. Nonlocality is given by the evolution of a Gaussian propagator for the local free theory with ultraviolet form factors depending on ultraviolet length parameter l. By representation of the

S

-matrix in terms of abstract functional integral over a primary scalar field, the

S

form of a grand canonical partition function is found. By expression of

S

-matrix in terms of the partition function, representation for

S

in terms of basis functions is obtained. Derivations are given for a discrete case where basis functions are Hermite functions, and for a continuous case where basis functions are trigonometric functions. The obtained expressions for the

S

-matrix are investigated within the framework of variational principle based on Jensen inequality. Through the latter, the majorant of

S

(more precisely, of

- ln S

) is constructed. Equations with separable kernels satisfied by variational function q are found and solved, yielding results for both polynomial theory

φ^{4}

(with suggestions for

φ^{6}

) and nonpolynomial sine-Gordon theory. A new definition of the

S

-matrix is proposed to solve additional divergences which arise in application of Jensen inequality for the continuous case. Analytical results are obtained and numerically illustrated, with plots of variational functions q and corresponding majorants for the

S

-matrices of the theory. For simplicity of numerical calculation, the

D = 1

case is considered, and propagator for free theory G is in the form of Gaussian function typically in the Virton–Quark model, although the obtained analytical inferences are not, in principle, limited to these particular choices. Formulation for nonlocal QFT in momentum k space of extra dimensions with subsequent compactification into physical spacetime is discussed, alongside the compactification process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue QCD and Hadron Structure)

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13 pages, 1560 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Some Recent Results on High-Energy Proton Interactions

by I. M. Dremin

Particles 2019, 2(1), 57-69; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles2010005 - 03 Jan 2019

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3721

Abstract

Recent experimental results about the energy behavior of the total cross sections, the share of elastic and inelastic contributions to them, the peculiar shape of the differential cross section and our guesses about the behavior of real and imaginary parts of the elastic scattering amplitude are discussed. The unitarity condition relates elastic and inelastic processes. Therefore it is used in the impact-parameter space to get some information about the shape of the interaction region of colliding protons by exploiting new experimental data. The obtained results are described. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue QCD and Hadron Structure)

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