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Pathogens
Special Issues
Nosocomial Infection
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Nosocomial Infection

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 4393

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yusen Eason Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Environmental Laboratory Services, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 80201, Taiwan
Interests: infection control; nosocomial infections; waterborne pathogens; laboratory diagnosis; AI in healthcare
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nosocomial infections are more prevalent as healthcare systems become more complex, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and surgical site infections. Nosocomial pathogens include bacteria (Legionella pneumonia, Klebsiella pneumonie, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E.coli, Enterobacter spp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci), viruses (mimivirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, influenza virus, adenovirus, metapneumovirus, measles viruses), fungi (Candida auris), and parasites. These infections occur during hospital stays and cause prolonged hospitalization, disability, and economic burden. Moreover, the growing number of nosocomial infections pose a threat to public health. Thus, given the importance of prevention and control measures of nosocomial infections, Pathogens is launching this Special Issue.

The aim of this Special Issue is to report the epidemiology, surveillance, laboratory diagnosis, and infection control/prevention of nosocomial infections. We encourage you and your colleagues to submit your articles reporting on this topic. 

Dr. Yusen Eason Lin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nosocomial infections
  • healthcare-associated infections
  • bacterial infections
  • virus infections
  • fungal infections
  • multidrug resistance
  • bacterial biofilms
  • antibiotics
  • medical devices

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1355 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Current Status of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Hospital Staff
by Keh-Sen Liu, Yu-Ying Yang, Kai-Lin Hwang and Hsing-Ju Wu
Pathogens 2023, 12(5), 688; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12050688 - 8 May 2023
Viewed by 1457
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 had reported over 676 million cases by March 2023. The main aim of this study is to investigate whether the levels of anti-S and anti-N antibodies could precisely indicate the degree of protection against [...] Read more.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 had reported over 676 million cases by March 2023. The main aim of this study is to investigate whether the levels of anti-S and anti-N antibodies could precisely indicate the degree of protection against SARS-CoV-2 and affect the probability or time of contracting COVID-19. In this study, a serosurveillance study was conducted in healthcare workers (HCWs) at a regional hospital in Taiwan to evaluate their antibody levels based on infection and vaccination status. Of 245 HCWs enrolled, all have been vaccinated prior to infection. Of these, 85 participants were infected by SARS-CoV-2, while 160 participants were not infected at the time of blood sample collection. The level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody was significantly higher in the infected HCWs than in the non-infected participants (p < 0.001). It is worth noting that the mean duration between the administration of the last dose of the vaccine and the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.61 ± 2.95 months. Our follow-up survey revealed that the non-infected group had significantly higher levels of antibodies compared to the infected group (all p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study suggests that the level of antibodies could serve as a reflection of the protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. It has the implication for vaccine decision-making policies in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nosocomial Infection)
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11 pages, 395 KiB  
Article
Clinical Impact of Colonization with Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in Critically Ill Patients Admitted for Severe Trauma
by Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Francesco Alessandri, Sonia Moretti, Alessandra Borsetti, Maria Teresa Maggiorella, Silvia Fabris, Alessandro Russo, Franco Ruberto, Daniele De Meo, Massimo Ciccozzi, Claudio M. Mastroianni, Mario Venditti, Francesco Pugliese and Gabriella d’Ettorre
Pathogens 2022, 11(11), 1295; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111295 - 4 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1313
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) have raised concerns as common, frequent etiologic agents of nosocomial infections, and patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) present the highest risk for colonization and infection. The incidence of colonization and infection in trauma patients remains poorly [...] Read more.
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) have raised concerns as common, frequent etiologic agents of nosocomial infections, and patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) present the highest risk for colonization and infection. The incidence of colonization and infection in trauma patients remains poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors for Carbapenem-resistant (CR)-GNB colonization and the clinical impact of colonization acquisition in patients with severe trauma admitted to the ICU in a CR-GNB hyperendemic country. This is a retrospective observational study; clinical and laboratory data were extracted from the nosocomial infection surveillance system database. Among 54 severe trauma patients enrolled in the study, 28 patients were colonized by CR-GNB; 7 (12.96%) patients were already colonized at ICU admission; and 21 (38.89%) patients developed a new colonization during their ICU stay. Risk factors for colonization were the length of stay in the ICU (not colonized, 14.81 days ± 9.1 vs. colonized, 38.19 days ± 27.9; p-value = 0.001) and days of mechanical ventilation (not colonized, 8.46 days ± 7.67 vs. colonized, 22.19 days ± 15.09; p-value < 0.001). There was a strong statistical association between previous colonization and subsequent development of infection (OR = 80.6, 95% CI 4.5–1458.6, p-value < 0.001). Factors associated with the risk of infection in colonized patients also included a higher Charlson comorbidity index, a longer length of stay in the ICU, a longer duration of mechanical ventilation, and a longer duration of treatment with carbapenem and vasopressors (not infected vs. infected: 0(0–4) vs. 1(0–3), p = 0.012; 24.82 ± 16.77 vs. 47 ± 28.51, p = 0.016; 13.54 ± 15.84 vs. 31.7 ± 16.22, p = 0.008; 1.09 ± 1.14 vs. 7.82 ± 9.15, p = 0.008). The adoption of MDR-GNB colonization prevention strategies in critically ill patients with severe trauma is required to improve the quality of care and reduce nosocomial infections, length of hospital stay and mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nosocomial Infection)
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8 pages, 2312 KiB  
Article
Experimental Observation of Isolative Efficacy of a Solid Coupling Medium in Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy—Implications to Nosocomial Infection Prevention
by Hui-Wen Chou, Chih-Lin Huang, Yu-Chih Lin, Yusen Eason Lin and Wei-Chuan Chen
Pathogens 2022, 11(10), 1103; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101103 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1270
Abstract
Introduction: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a well-established, popular treatment choice for renal stones. Traditionally, the semi-liquid gel is used as a coupling medium in ESWL. During ESWL, body fluid or blood might transmit between the patients when the probe or gel [...] Read more.
Introduction: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a well-established, popular treatment choice for renal stones. Traditionally, the semi-liquid gel is used as a coupling medium in ESWL. During ESWL, body fluid or blood might transmit between the patients when the probe or gel used in the procedure is contaminated and cause potential nosocomial infections. To solve this problem, we developed a solid coupling medium (isolation coupling pad, referred to as “icPad”) between the patient’s skin and the probe as a shock wave transmission medium to prevent contamination. This study aimed to investigate the isolative efficacy of the icPad in blocking the permeation of microbes. Method: Rhodamine 6G (a fluorescent dye) was used as a tracer to simulate the microorganisms. The penetration of the fluorescent dye on the longitudinal section of the icPad was observed by a microscope after the dye was placed on the body side of the icPad for 40 min. After the shock wave, icPad was extracted with 75% ethanol, and fluorescence intensity was measured with a fluorescence spectrometer. Results: Our results revealed that the body side of icPad is free of fluorescent dye during lithotripsy. Qualitative analysis results confirmed that icPad has an isolative effect on simulating contaminants such as bacteria or viruses. Conclusion: In this in vitro phantom study, a proprietary icPad can be an isolative coupling medium and is speculated to avoid cross-contamination of bacterial or viral infection during ESWL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nosocomial Infection)
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