Animal and Human Coronavirus Infections

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Emerging Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 8432

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Veterinary Infectious Disease, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada 034-8628, Japan
Interests: coronavirus; norovirus; viral gastroenteritis; antiviral drug; vaccine development; antibody-dependent enhancement; viral infection of cats and dogs
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) has posed a great threat to public health in many countries. This issue calls for research into animal and human coronavirus infections. In order to combat COVID-19 and new coronavirus infections, we need to gather wisdom in animal and human coronavirus research. We welcome various studies on coronaviruses to broaden knowledge about coronavirus infections.

Prof. Dr. Tomomi Takano
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • animal and human coronavirus
  • enteric coronavirus
  • respiratory coronavirus
  • antivirals and vaccines for coronavirus infection

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 9439 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Inhibitory Activity In Silico of In-House Thiomorpholine Compounds between the ACE2 Receptor and S1 Subunit of SARS-CoV-2 Spike
by Victor H. Vázquez-Valadez, Alejandro Hernández-Serda, Ma. Fernanda Jiménez-Cabiedes, Pablo Aguirre-Vidal, Ingrid González-Tapia, Laura Carreño-Vargas, Yoshio A. Alarcón-López, Andrea Espejel-Fuentes, Pablo Martínez-Soriano, Miguel Lugo Álvarez, Ana María Velázquez-Sánchez, Nathan Marko Markarian, Enrique Angeles and Levon Abrahamyan
Pathogens 2021, 10(9), 1208; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091208 - 17 Sep 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4400
Abstract
At the end of 2019, the world was struck by the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in dire repercussions of unimaginable proportions. From the beginning, the international scientific community employed several strategies to tackle the spread of this disease. Most notably, these consisted of [...] Read more.
At the end of 2019, the world was struck by the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in dire repercussions of unimaginable proportions. From the beginning, the international scientific community employed several strategies to tackle the spread of this disease. Most notably, these consisted of the development of a COVID-19 vaccine and the discovery of antiviral agents through the repositioning of already known drugs with methods such as de novo design. Previously, methylthiomorphic compounds, designed by our group as antihypertensive agents, have been shown to display an affinity with the ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme) receptor, a key mechanism required for SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) entry into target cells. Therefore, the objective of this work consists of evaluating, in silico, the inhibitory activity of these compounds between the ACE2 receptor and the S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Supported by the advances of different research groups on the structure of the coronavirus spike and the interaction of the latter with its receptor, ACE2, we carried out a computational study that examined the effect of in-house designed compounds on the inhibition of said interaction. Our results indicate that the polyphenol LQM322 is one of the candidates that should be considered as a possible anti-COVID-19 agent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal and Human Coronavirus Infections)
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22 pages, 4145 KiB  
Article
Predominance of the SARS-CoV-2 Lineage P.1 and Its Sublineage P.1.2 in Patients from the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil in March 2021
by Vinícius Bonetti Franceschi, Gabriel Dickin Caldana, Christiano Perin, Alexandre Horn, Camila Peter, Gabriela Bettella Cybis, Patrícia Aline Gröhs Ferrareze, Liane Nanci Rotta, Flávio Adsuara Cadegiani, Ricardo Ariel Zimerman and Claudia Elizabeth Thompson
Pathogens 2021, 10(8), 988; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10080988 - 5 Aug 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3402
Abstract
Almost a year after the COVID-19 pandemic had begun, new lineages (B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, and B.1.617.2) associated with enhanced transmissibility, immunity evasion, and mortality were identified in the United Kingdom, South Africa, and Brazil. The previous most prevalent lineages in the state of [...] Read more.
Almost a year after the COVID-19 pandemic had begun, new lineages (B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, and B.1.617.2) associated with enhanced transmissibility, immunity evasion, and mortality were identified in the United Kingdom, South Africa, and Brazil. The previous most prevalent lineages in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS, Southern Brazil), B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33, were rapidly replaced by P.1 and P.2, two B.1.1.28-derived lineages harboring the E484K mutation. To perform a genomic characterization from the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, we sequenced viral samples to: (i) identify the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in the region, the state, and bordering countries/regions; (ii) characterize the mutation spectra; (iii) hypothesize viral dispersal routes by using phylogenetic and phylogeographic approaches. We found that 96.4% of the samples belonged to the P.1 lineage and approximately 20% of them were assigned as the novel P.1.2, a P.1-derived sublineage harboring signature substitutions recently described in other Brazilian states and foreign countries. Moreover, sequences from this study were allocated in distinct branches of the P.1 phylogeny, suggesting multiple introductions in RS and placing this state as a potential diffusion core of P.1-derived clades and the emergence of P.1.2. It is uncertain whether the emergence of P.1.2 and other P.1 clades is related to clinical or epidemiological consequences. However, the clear signs of molecular diversity from the recently introduced P.1 warrant further genomic surveillance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal and Human Coronavirus Infections)
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