New Approaches for the Prevention and Alleviation of Metabolic Syndrome 2024

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2024) | Viewed by 3096

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
Interests: lipid metabolism; metabolic disorder of post-menopausal women; free radical research; diabetes; obesity; sexual hormonal changes
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic syndrome is defined as a cluster of conditions characterized by impaired glucose metabolism, hypertension, central obesity, low LDL-C, and high triglyceride levels. It also promotes glucose intolerance and chronic systemic inflammatory conditions characterized by immune cell infiltration, and this immune system activation increases the risk of serious disease following viral infection. In addition, studies have been reported regarding an increase in diseases associated with various metabolic disorders, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver, psoriasis, and IBD. Metabolic disease tends to progress quietly and gradually, rather than with acute symptoms. Due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, increased processed food and salt intake, surplus energy accumulation, sedentary lifestyle, and reduced physical activity are thought to be risk factors for an increase in metabolic disease. Therefore, the discovery of drugs related to metabolic diseases and metabolic disorders has an important meaning in this difficult period. I hope that this Special Issue will provide an opportunity to help all patients and further the development of the scientific community. In order to achieve this, the cooperation of all our valuable colleagues, including yourself, is essential.

We are pleased to welcome papers reviewing the most recent research on this topic in the present thematic issue.

We look forward to your contribution.

Dr. Seong-Hee Maria Ko
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • metabolic disorder
  • IBD
  • diabetes
  • hypertension
  • obesity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3919 KiB  
Article
Apremilast as a Potential Targeted Therapy for Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Psoriasis: An Observational Analysis
by Elena Campione, Nikkia Zarabian, Terenzio Cosio, Cristiana Borselli, Fabio Artosi, Riccardo Cont, Roberto Sorge, Ruslana Gaeta Shumak, Gaetana Costanza, Antonia Rivieccio, Roberta Gaziano and Luca Bianchi
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(8), 989; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17080989 - 26 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Psoriasis (PsO) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that often presents with erythematous, sharply demarcated lesions. Although psoriasis is primarily a dermatological disease, its immune-mediated pathogenesis produces systemic effects and is closely associated with various comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome [...] Read more.
Psoriasis (PsO) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that often presents with erythematous, sharply demarcated lesions. Although psoriasis is primarily a dermatological disease, its immune-mediated pathogenesis produces systemic effects and is closely associated with various comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and diabetes mellitus type II (DMII). Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE-4) inhibitor, has shown promise in treating moderate-to-severe psoriasis and is associated with potential cardiometabolic benefits. In a 12-month prospective observational study involving 137 patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, we assessed changes in psoriasis clinimetric scores and metabolic profiles from baseline (T0) to 52 weeks (T1) to evaluate the efficacy of apremilast. After 52 weeks of apremilast treatment, we documented a statistically significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose levels. Our findings even suggest a potential synergistic effect among patients treated with apremilast, alongside concomitant statin and/or insulin therapy. Although the results of our study must be validated on a larger scale, the use of apremilast in the treatment of psoriatic patients with cardio-metabolic comorbidities yields promising results. Full article
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19 pages, 44609 KiB  
Article
Effect of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome
by Marko Ravic, Ivan Srejovic, Jovana Novakovic, Marijana Andjic, Jasmina Sretenovic, Maja Muric, Marina Nikolic, Sergey Bolevich, Kirill Alekseevich Kasabov, Vladimir Petrovich Fisenko, Aleksandra Stojanovic and Vladimir Jakovljevic
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(4), 525; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17040525 - 19 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents an important factor that increases the risk of myocardial infarction, and more severe complications. Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) exhibit cardioprotective potential, but their efficacy in MetS-related myocardial dysfunction has not been fully explored. Therefore, we aimed to [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents an important factor that increases the risk of myocardial infarction, and more severe complications. Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) exhibit cardioprotective potential, but their efficacy in MetS-related myocardial dysfunction has not been fully explored. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effects of exenatide and dulaglutide on heart function and redox balance in MetS-induced rats. Twenty-four Wistar albino rats with induced MetS were divided into three groups: MetS, exenatide-treated (5 µg/kg), dulaglutide-treated (0.6 mg/kg). After 6 weeks of treatment, in vivo heart function was assessed via echocardiography, while ex vivo function was evaluated using a Langendorff apparatus to simulate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Heart tissue samples were analyzed histologically, and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured spectrophotometrically from the coronary venous effluent. Both exenatide and dulaglutide significantly improved the ejection fraction by 3% and 7%, respectively, compared to the MetS group. Histological analyses corroborated these findings, revealing a reduction in the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes by 11% in the exenatide and 18% in the dulaglutide group, indicating reduced myocardial damage in GLP-1RA-treated rats. Our findings suggest strong cardioprotective potential of GLP-1RAs in MetS, with dulaglutide showing a slight advantage. Thus, both exenatide and dulaglutide are potentially promising targets for cardioprotection and reducing mortality in MetS patients. Full article
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