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Photonics
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Fiber Lasers and Fiber Sensors
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Fiber Lasers and Fiber Sensors

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Optoelectronics and Optical Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 March 2024) | Viewed by 5815

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Daru Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
Interests: fiber laser; fiber sensor; photonic crystal fiber; microstructured fiber
Dr. Hongyan Fu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Model Microelectronics College), Xiamen University, Xiamen 36100, China
Interests: fiber optic sensors; microwave photonics; fiber lasers; SPR sensors; fiber gratings
Dr. Dongmei Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Photonics Research Institute, Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Interests: optical coherence tomography; fiber lasers; swept lasers; nonlinear optics; fiber sensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since their invention, optical fibers have been widely used in optical communications, fiber lasers, fiber sensors and other fields. As it is well known, relevant scientists have been awarded the Nobel Prize for the crucial contribution of optical fibers to optical communications. Similarly, fiber lasers and fiber sensors are also experiencing vigorous development, which has an increasingly important impact on social life and industrial production.

This Special Issue aims to present original state-of-the-art research articles dealing with the design, manufacture and application of optical fibers, fiber lasers and fiber sensors. Researchers are invited to submit their contributions to this Special Issue. Topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Special optical fibers;
  • Fiber lasers;
  • Fiber sensors;
  • Ultrafast fiber lasers;
  • Narrow linewidth fiber laser;
  • Swept lasers;
  • Fourier domain mode-locked fiber laser;
  • Microwave photonic sensing;
  • Distributed fiber sensors;
  • Gas sensors;
  • Bio-sensors.

Dr. Daru Chen
Dr. Hongyan Fu
Dr. Dongmei Huang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fiber lasers
  • fiber sensors
  • photonic crystal fiber
  • swept lasers
  • ultrafast fiber lasers
  • nonlinear optics
  • distributed fiber sensors
  • gas sensors
  • bio-sensors
  • microwave photonic sensing

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 3435 KiB  
Communication
Weak Faraday Effect Measurement in Anti-Resonant Fiber Based on Intermodal Interference Suppression
by Zhiyong Guo, Haoqi Du, Yuhao Lin and Zhangjun Yu
Photonics 2024, 11(4), 366; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11040366 - 14 Apr 2024
Viewed by 450
Abstract
Anti-resonant fiber (ARF) works well in a relatively strong magnetic field due to its weak Faraday effect, which results from the fundamental mode mainly transmitting in the air core. Accurately measuring the Faraday effect strength, i.e., the effective Verdet constant, of an ARF [...] Read more.
Anti-resonant fiber (ARF) works well in a relatively strong magnetic field due to its weak Faraday effect, which results from the fundamental mode mainly transmitting in the air core. Accurately measuring the Faraday effect strength, i.e., the effective Verdet constant, of an ARF determines its applicable scenarios. However, the effective Verdet constant of ARF is ~3 orders of magnitude lower than that of a standard single-mode fiber, which is very difficult to measure. In this paper, we reveal that intermodal interference is the main obstacle to measuring the ultralow effective Verdet constant of ARF and propose using a narrow-band low-coherence light to suppress it. The measured effective Verdet constant of ARF is 0.423 ± 0.005 mrad/T/m at 1550 nm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Lasers and Fiber Sensors)
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13 pages, 4101 KiB  
Article
Dual-Parameter Sensor for Temperature and Strain Measurement Based on Antiresonance Effect and Few-Mode Fiber
by Shaocui Jiang, Peng Yang, Zenghui Wang, Yujuan Zhang, Wangge Bao and Baojin Peng
Photonics 2023, 10(6), 642; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060642 - 02 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1153
Abstract
A simple and novel hybrid interferometer based on the antiresonance (AR) effect and Mach–Zehnder interference (MZI), which enables simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain, is proposed and investigated. The sensor is made by cascading a 30 cm section of a few-mode fiber (FMF) [...] Read more.
A simple and novel hybrid interferometer based on the antiresonance (AR) effect and Mach–Zehnder interference (MZI), which enables simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain, is proposed and investigated. The sensor is made by cascading a 30 cm section of a few-mode fiber (FMF) and a 3.376 mm hollow-core fiber (HCF) through a single-mode fiber (SMF). The FMF and SMF are fused without misalignment to excite two stable modes, thereby forming a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. Concurrently, the introduction of HCF can effectively excite the AR effect, which is manifested in the transmission spectrum as two different dips at the same time caused by the difference in the two physical mechanisms, showing diverse responses to both external temperature and strain. This difference can be used to construct a cross-coefficient matrix to implement the simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain. The experimental results demonstrate that the AR effect and MZI correspond to strain sensitivities of –0.87 and –2.29 pm/µε, respectively, and temperature sensitivities of 15.68 and –13.93 pm/°C, respectively. Furthermore, the sensor is also tested for repeatability, and the results show that it has good repeatability and great potential in sensing applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Lasers and Fiber Sensors)
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12 pages, 7456 KiB  
Communication
Highly Birefringent and Low-Loss Hollow-Core Anti-Resonant Fiber Based on a Hybrid Guidance Mechanism
by Xu’an Liu, Weixuan Luo, Xiaogang Jiang and Bin Zhang
Photonics 2023, 10(5), 525; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050525 - 04 May 2023
Viewed by 1306
Abstract
A highly birefringent and low-loss hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF) based on a hybrid guidance mechanism is proposed and investigated by using a finite element method. The hybrid guidance mechanism is caused by the anti-resonance effect and the total internal reflection effect. The proposed [...] Read more.
A highly birefringent and low-loss hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF) based on a hybrid guidance mechanism is proposed and investigated by using a finite element method. The hybrid guidance mechanism is caused by the anti-resonance effect and the total internal reflection effect. The proposed HC-ARF is obtained by employing twin symmetrical and mutually tangential elliptical arc anti-resonance layers (EA-ARLs) in a conventional 8-tube HC-ARF. Because of the anti-resonance mechanism and the total internal reflection mechanism in the EA-ARL, mode coupling appears between the core mode and the cladding mode. Simulation results indicate that the proposed HC-ARF can achieve birefringence as high as 10−2 in a near-infrared range of 1400 nm to 1600 nm and a low confinement loss (CL) of 7.74 × 10−4 dB/m (9.26 × 10−4 dB/m) for x- and y-polarization components of the fundamental mode (FM) at 1550 nm. In addition, the existence of the 8-tube anti-resonance structure in the cladding significantly suppresses the CL of the x-polarization component of the FM significantly, but the impact on the CL of the y-polarization FM can be ignored, which is determined mainly by the twin EA-ARLs. Furthermore, the performance of the birefringence and CL are also investigated by changing the values of other fiber structure parameters. Our proposed structure successfully shows the ability of the hybrid guidance mechanism in the application of CL manipulation of orthogonal polarization components. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Lasers and Fiber Sensors)
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10 pages, 2906 KiB  
Communication
All-Solid Single-Polarization Anti-Resonant Fiber Base on Anisotropic Glass
by Weixuan Luo, Bin Zhang, Anping Xiao, Zhiwei Duan, Qiang Ling, Yusheng Zhang, Zhangwei Yu, Zuguang Guan and Daru Chen
Photonics 2023, 10(4), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040412 - 06 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1082
Abstract
A single-polarization solid-core anti-resonant fiber is proposed, and the influence of the fiber core material anisotropy of the solid-core anti-resonant fiber on polarization characteristics is investigated using the finite element method. Single-polarization guidance is achieved by using the anisotropy of optical fiber materials, [...] Read more.
A single-polarization solid-core anti-resonant fiber is proposed, and the influence of the fiber core material anisotropy of the solid-core anti-resonant fiber on polarization characteristics is investigated using the finite element method. Single-polarization guidance is achieved by using the anisotropy of optical fiber materials, which also ensures high birefringence. The numerical simulation results indicate that there are two single-polarization intervals (1210–1440 nm and 1490–1560 nm), with a maximum bandwidth of up to 230 nm, when the confinement loss difference between the two orthogonal polarizations exceeds two orders of magnitude. Specifically, when the work wavelength is 1550 nm, a polarization extinction ratio (PER) of 108 is obtained by optimizing the structure parameters. Additionally, the y-polarization fundamental mode (YPFM) can be well confined in the fiber center with a low confinement loss of 0.04 dB/m, while the x-polarization fundamental mode (XPFM) has a huge confinement loss larger than 4.65 dB/m due to the coupling with the tube mode. The proposed single-polarization solid-core anti-resonant fiber has a huge potential in applications such as laser systems, fiber-optic gyroscopes, and optical fiber communications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Lasers and Fiber Sensors)
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10 pages, 3079 KiB  
Communication
Triple-Wavelength Thulium-Doped Fiber Random Laser Based on Random Fiber Grating
by Lewen Zhou, Yaozong Hu, Wenlong Zheng, Pengbai Xu, Zhensen Gao and Xinyong Dong
Photonics 2023, 10(4), 355; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040355 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1088
Abstract
We demonstrate a triple-wavelength thulium-doped fiber random laser using a 10 cm long random fiber grating to provide random distributed feedback and a superimposed fiber Bragg grating as the wavelength-selective mirror. The random fiber grating inscribed in single-mode fibers using a femtosecond laser [...] Read more.
We demonstrate a triple-wavelength thulium-doped fiber random laser using a 10 cm long random fiber grating to provide random distributed feedback and a superimposed fiber Bragg grating as the wavelength-selective mirror. The random fiber grating inscribed in single-mode fibers using a femtosecond laser provides strong random distributed feedback that avoids the use of long distance fibers and leads to a relatively low threshold power. Triple-wavelength random laser output at wavelengths of 1943.6, 1945.0 and 1946.3 nm was achieved with a relatively low threshold power of 2.01 W, a slope efficiency of 7.86% and a maximum output power of 151.8 mW when it was pumped using a 793 nm laser diode. The 3 dB linewidth was less than 0.1 nm and the optical signal-to-noise ratio was up to 45.6 dB. Good wavelength stability was achieved, which was attributed to the narrow band and stable reflection of the superimposed fiber Bragg grating. The time-domain characteristics of the laser output were also measured and analyzed, and some random self-pulsing caused by relaxation oscillations were observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Lasers and Fiber Sensors)
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