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Photonics
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Metasurfaces and Applications of Communication/Imaging/Signal Processing
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Metasurfaces and Applications of Communication/Imaging/Signal Processing

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 8367

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yong Mao Huang

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Guest Editor
School of Electrical and Electronic Information, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
Interests: microwave substrate integrated circuits and systems; wireless communications; optical and imaging processing
Prof. Dr. Xiaolong Wang

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Guest Editor
College of Electronic Science and Engineering, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
Interests: microwave components; antenna; detection; sensing; imaging; signal processing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to participate in this Special Issue on the interactions of metasurfaces. It is known that over the past dozen years, we have witnessed the amazing progress of metasurfaces. As artificial structures, metasurfaces can manipulate the magnitude, phase, polarization, propagation and guided-wave properties of waves to enable various optical and electromagnetic functions. Advanced versions of metasurfaces, including digital-coded surfaces, programmable surfaces and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), have further enriched the aforementioned functions. Nowadays, cutting-edge practical applications of metasurfaces are being conducted in areas such as sixth-generation (6G) communications, optical signal processing, optical and microwave sensing, biomedical imaging, radar, lidar, and spectroscopy applications. The prospects for these applications are even more exciting with the advent of advanced metasurfaces such as RISs. This technology offers remarkable advantages to provide flexible manipulation capabilities that enhance the performance, simplify the system configuration and even reduce the footprint and cost.

This Special Issue focuses on theoretical and experimental advances in metasurfaces and their applications in communications, sensing, imaging and signal processing. In the Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are both welcome. The Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • Surface-based optical and photonic components, e.g., optical grating, subwavelength devices and components, photonic bandgap structures, optical waveguide, etc.
  • Surface-based guided-wave components and antennas.
  • Wireless communication and sensing applications with advanced metasurfaces.
  • Imaging and optical signal processing applications with advanced metasurfaces.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Yong Mao Huang
Prof. Dr. Xiaolong Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metasurface
  • optical grating
  • holographic imaging
  • reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)
  • wireless communication
  • signal processing

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 5351 KiB  
Article
A Novel Hybrid Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation Algorithm for Enlarging the Measuring Range of Dual-Wavelength Retinal Oximetry
by Yongli Xian, Guangxin Zhao, Congzheng Wang, Xuejian Chen and Yun Dai
Photonics 2023, 10(7), 722; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070722 - 24 Jun 2023
Viewed by 896
Abstract
The non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2) in retinal vessels is based on spectrophotometry and the absorption spectral characteristics of the tissue. The dual-wavelength retinal images are simultaneously captured via retinal oximetry. SO2 is calculated by processing a series [...] Read more.
The non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2) in retinal vessels is based on spectrophotometry and the absorption spectral characteristics of the tissue. The dual-wavelength retinal images are simultaneously captured via retinal oximetry. SO2 is calculated by processing a series of images and by calculating the optic density ratio of two images. However, existing SO2 research is focused on the thick vessels in the high-clarity region of retinal images. However, the thin vessels in the low-clarity region could provide significant information for the detection and diagnosis of neovascular diseases. To this end, we proposed a novel hybrid vessel segmentation algorithm. Firstly, a median filter was employed for image denoising. Secondly, high- and low-clarity region segmentation was carried out based on a clarity histogram. The vessels in the high-clarity areas were segmented after implementing a Gaussian filter, a matched filter, and morphological segmentation. Additionally, the vessels in the low-clarity areas were segmented using a guided filter, matched filtering, and dynamic threshold segmentation. Finally, the results were obtained through image merger and morphological operations. The experimental results and analysis show that the proposed method can effectively segment thick and thin vessels and can extend the measuring range of dual-wavelength retinal oximetry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metasurfaces and Applications of Communication/Imaging/Signal Processing)
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14 pages, 4193 KiB  
Article
Guided-Wave Properties of Slow-Wave Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Patterned with Non-Uniform Metasurface Unit Cells with Various Degrees of Rotation
by Hailu Jin, Xiaorong Jing and Ping Wang
Photonics 2023, 10(4), 482; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040482 - 21 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1000
Abstract
A novel slow-wave waveguide structure is proposed, the guided-wave properties of which can be controlled by the rotation of nonuniform metasurface elements loaded on the surface of the substrate-integrated waveguide. The proposed nonuniform metasurface unit cell can exhibit anisotropic guided-wave parameters of interest, [...] Read more.
A novel slow-wave waveguide structure is proposed, the guided-wave properties of which can be controlled by the rotation of nonuniform metasurface elements loaded on the surface of the substrate-integrated waveguide. The proposed nonuniform metasurface unit cell can exhibit anisotropic guided-wave parameters of interest, i.e., equivalent permittivity and permeability along the transverse direction that are different from those along the longitudinal direction. Such characteristics suggest different propagation behaviors along different directions. Therefore, the equivalent permittivity and permeability change as the proposed nonuniform cross-unit cell rotates through various angles, which would modify the guided-wave properties as well. In this way, the cutoff frequency and phase constant of the proposed anisotropic SW-SIW can be controlled flexibly by rotating the patterned metasurface unit cells over different angles. Several SW-SIW experimental prototypes with different rotation angles are implemented, and their respective measured results are in good agreement with their simulated counterparts. Thereby, the proposed method can provide more flexibility for designing and controlling an anisotropic SW-SIW. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metasurfaces and Applications of Communication/Imaging/Signal Processing)
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13 pages, 2518 KiB  
Communication
Investigation into Electromagnetic Compatibility Conducted Susceptibility of a Laser Ranging System
by Peng Huang, Bing Li, Weimin Li, Yi Liao and Donglin Su
Photonics 2023, 10(4), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040397 - 3 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1426
Abstract
Laser ranging systems are a widely used form of electronic system and are generally influenced by complex electromagnetic environments. We used a laser ranging system comprising the VL53L0X laser ranging sensor module as the research object and designed a sensitive experimental platform based [...] Read more.
Laser ranging systems are a widely used form of electronic system and are generally influenced by complex electromagnetic environments. We used a laser ranging system comprising the VL53L0X laser ranging sensor module as the research object and designed a sensitive experimental platform based on the laser ranging system. In this work, we have shown that electromagnetic interference signals can affect the performance of laser ranging systems. The electromagnetic interference signal was found to enter through the chip selection port of the laser sensor chip to affect the work of the laser sensor chip. Finally, we obtained the susceptibility threshold characteristics of the laser ranging system under the influence of different types of interference signal. This study deepens the understanding of the electromagnetic susceptibility mechanism of laser ranging systems and helps in the design of their electromagnetic compatibility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metasurfaces and Applications of Communication/Imaging/Signal Processing)
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Review

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19 pages, 3310 KiB  
Review
Review on Analysis Methods Enabled by Hyperspectral Imaging for Cultural Relic Conservation
by Zhongming Pei, Yong Mao Huang and Ting Zhou
Photonics 2023, 10(10), 1104; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101104 - 29 Sep 2023
Viewed by 843
Abstract
In this review, the conservation methods for various types of cultural relics enabled by hyperspectral imaging are summarized, and the hyperspectral cameras and techniques utilized in the process from data acquisition to analyzation are introduced. Hyperspectral imaging is characterized by non-contact detection, broadband, [...] Read more.
In this review, the conservation methods for various types of cultural relics enabled by hyperspectral imaging are summarized, and the hyperspectral cameras and techniques utilized in the process from data acquisition to analyzation are introduced. Hyperspectral imaging is characterized by non-contact detection, broadband, and high resolution, which are of great significance to the non-destructive investigation of cultural relics. However, owing to the wide variety of cultural relics, the utilized equipment and methods vary greatly in the investigations of the associated conservation. Previous studies generally select a single type of cultural relic for conservation. That is, seldom study has focused on the application of hyperspectral techniques to generalized conservation methods that are simultaneously suitable for different types of cultural relics. Hence, some widely used hyperspectral cameras and imaging systems are introduced first. Subsequently, according to the previous investigations, the methods used for image acquisition, image correction, and data dimensionality reduction in hyperspectral techniques are described. Thirdly, a summary of methods in cultural relic conservation based on hyperspectral techniques is presented, which involves pigments, grottoes and murals, and painting and calligraphy. Later, some challenges and potential development prospects in hyperspectral-based methods are discussed for future study. Finally, the conclusions are given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metasurfaces and Applications of Communication/Imaging/Signal Processing)
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22 pages, 4016 KiB  
Review
Lithography Alignment Techniques Based on Moiré Fringe
by Wenbo Jiang, Huaran Wang, Wenda Xie and Zhefei Qu
Photonics 2023, 10(4), 351; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040351 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 3481
Abstract
In Moiré fringe lithography alignment technology, alignment is realized by monitoring the grating interference fringe image in real-time. The technique exhibits excellent sensitivity to displacement changes and is not easily affected by the gap changes between the mask and silicon wafer. Therefore, this [...] Read more.
In Moiré fringe lithography alignment technology, alignment is realized by monitoring the grating interference fringe image in real-time. The technique exhibits excellent sensitivity to displacement changes and is not easily affected by the gap changes between the mask and silicon wafer. Therefore, this technique is widely used in conventional proximity and contact lithography and new-generation micro- and nanolithography systems. The rapid development of semiconductor and integrated circuit industries, as well as the increasing requirements for the resolution of various nanodevices and systems, have posed new challenges in Moiré fringe lithography alignment technology, which are mainly reflected in alignment accuracy, alignment range, and scheme complexity. In this study, the development history, alignment principle, and overall process of Moiré fringe lithography alignment technology are reviewed; the main factors affecting alignment accuracy are analyzed, and corresponding optimization schemes are provided; and finally, the development trend and research focus of Moiré fringe lithography alignment technology are predicted from the marking structure, alignment scheme, and algorithm processing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metasurfaces and Applications of Communication/Imaging/Signal Processing)
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