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Development of Thermal Sensing Technologies in Biological Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 2899

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Interests: brain memory and data-processing mechanism; brain–computer interface; artificial vision systems; thermal sensor at micro-/nanoscales
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Interests: biochips; biosensors; bio-electromagnetics; brain–computer interface

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Temperature is not only an important environmental factor affecting cell activities, but also an important parameter reflecting physiological and pathological conditions of the whole biosystems. The thermal sensing and controlling mechanisms in live systems are still hot topics. For instance, The Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021 was granted to Dr. David Julius and Dr. Ardem Patapoutian “for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch”, however, the detailed working mechanisms of these transient receptors, protein ion channels, remained unknown to date.

We have seen a growing interest in the thermal sensing techniques for their novel potential in biological applications. Data obtained from thermal sensors (TS’s) offer new research perspectives for the physiological and pathological statuses of cells, tissues and organs, e.g. cell metabolism, cell tumorigenesis, inflammation, activation & differentiation of immune cells, hypothermia, hibernation, etc. A variety of TS’s with various principles for biological applications have been coming up in recent years, and their performances such as accuracy, resolution, stability and biological safety in temperature measurement are paid more attention.

This Special Issue therefore aims to put together original research and review articles on the recent advances, technologies, solutions, applications, and new challenges in the field of thermal sensing technologies and novel TS’s. Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Materials, mechanisms, and equalizations for novel TS’s
  • Optical TS’s, contact TS’s, and hybrid TS techniques
  • TS techniques in wearable devices
  • TS’s at the micro- and nano-scales
  • Thermal measurement techniques at the single cell level
  • TS’s for healthcare, tumor treatment and other clinical applications
  • TS’s for implantation in biosystems
  • TS’s for hibernation and aerospace science and technology
  • Remote thermal sensing technologies and WiFi TS’s
  • Working mechanisms of transient receptor ion channels in biosystems

Prof. Dr. Shengyong Xu
Dr. Jingjing Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • thermal sensor
  • biological application
  • clinical application
  • wearable devices
  • implantation
  • healthcare
  • tumor treatment
  • micro-nano-scale
  • transient receptor
  • ion channel

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 3747 KiB  
Communication
Utility of Thermographic Imaging for Callus Identification in Wound and Foot Care
by Faraz Sadrzadeh-Afsharazar, Rose Raizman and Gennadi Saiko
Sensors 2023, 23(23), 9376; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239376 - 23 Nov 2023
Viewed by 656
Abstract
Calluses are thickened skin areas that develop due to repeated friction, pressure, or other types of irritation. While calluses are usually harmless and formed as a protective surface, they can lead to skin ulceration or infection if left untreated. As calluses are often [...] Read more.
Calluses are thickened skin areas that develop due to repeated friction, pressure, or other types of irritation. While calluses are usually harmless and formed as a protective surface, they can lead to skin ulceration or infection if left untreated. As calluses are often not clearly visible to the patients, and some areas of dead skin can be missed during debridement, accessory tools can be useful in assessment and follow-up. The practical question addressed in this article is whether or not thermal imaging adds value to callus assessment. We have performed a theoretical analysis of the feasibility of thermographic imaging for callus identification. Our analytical calculations show that the temperature drop in the epidermis should be on the order of 0.1 °C for the normal epidermis in hairy skin, 0.9 °C for glabrous skin, and 1.5–2 °C or higher in calluses. We have validated our predictions on gelatin phantoms and demonstrated the feasibility of thermographic imaging for callus identification in two clinical case series. Our experimental results are in agreement with theoretical predictions and support the notion that local skin temperature variations can indicate epidermis thickness variations, which can be used for callus identification. In particular, a surface temperature drop on the order of 0.5 °C or more can be indicative of callus presence, particularly in callus-prone areas. In addition, our analytical calculations and phantom experiments show the importance of ambient temperature measurements during thermographic assessments. Full article
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18 pages, 15173 KiB  
Article
A Sol-Gel/Solvothermal Synthetic Approach to Titania Nanoparticles for Raman Thermometry
by Thomas Pretto, Marina Franca, Veronica Zani, Silvia Gross, Danilo Pedron, Roberto Pilot and Raffaella Signorini
Sensors 2023, 23(5), 2596; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23052596 - 26 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1840
Abstract
The accurate determination of the local temperature is one of the most important challenges in the field of nanotechnology and nanomedicine. For this purpose, different techniques and materials have been extensively studied in order to identify both the best-performing materials and the techniques [...] Read more.
The accurate determination of the local temperature is one of the most important challenges in the field of nanotechnology and nanomedicine. For this purpose, different techniques and materials have been extensively studied in order to identify both the best-performing materials and the techniques with greatest sensitivity. In this study, the Raman technique was exploited for the determination of the local temperature as a non-contact technique and titania nanoparticles (NPs) were tested as nanothermometer Raman active material. Biocompatible titania NPs were synthesized following a combination of sol-gel and solvothermal green synthesis approaches, with the aim of obtaining pure anatase samples. In particular, the optimization of three different synthesis protocols allowed materials to be obtained with well-defined crystallite dimensions and good control over the final morphology and dispersibility. TiO2 powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and room-temperature Raman measurements, to confirm that the synthesized samples were single-phase anatase titania, and using SEM measurements, which clearly showed the nanometric dimension of the NPs. Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman measurements were collected, with the excitation laser at 514.5 nm (CW Ar/Kr ion laser), in the temperature range of 293–323 K, a range of interest for biological applications. The power of the laser was carefully chosen in order to avoid possible heating due to the laser irradiation. The data support the possibility of evaluating the local temperature and show that TiO2 NPs possess high sensitivity and low uncertainty in the range of a few degrees as a Raman nanothermometer material. Full article
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