Venom Genes and Genomes of Poisonous Animals: Evolution and Variation

A special issue of Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Venoms".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 1597

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil
Interests: snake beta-defensins; snake venom and toxins; molecular evolution; gene expression

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil
Interests: cytogenetics; molecular phylogeny; phylogeography; biodiversity conservation and evolution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The evolution of a gene occurs not only after point mutations, insertions, or deletions of sequences, but also due to its location in the genome, which may encompass recombinations, duplications, and/or other events. In this way, it is interesting to study not only the toxin and its genes, but also the genome of venomous animals in all forms of organization, which includes chromosomes and chromosome evolution. In addition, the localization of toxin genes in the chromosome can influence the expression of that toxin.

Thus, this Special Issue aims to publish work performed on toxins at the genetic level, as well as work related to the genomes and chromosomes of venomous animals from evolutionary and multidisciplinary perspectives. As a result, the issue will observe the evolution of toxins and poisons in an interdisciplinary way.

Reviews and research papers on the genetic and biochemical aspects of venom polymorphism, toxin variation, toxin expression, and genomes of venomous animals are accepted.

Dr. Nancy Oguiura
Dr. Maria José J. Silva
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a double-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxins is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • venom polymorphism
  • toxin evolution
  • gene expression
  • gene structure
  • genome evolution
  • gene family
  • transcriptome
  • genome structure and organization
  • next-generation sequencing

Published Papers (1 paper)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

16 pages, 2115 KiB  
Article
Evolution of Three-Finger Toxin Genes in Neotropical Colubrine Snakes (Colubridae)
by Kristy Srodawa, Peter A. Cerda, Alison R. Davis Rabosky and Jenna M. Crowe-Riddell
Toxins 2023, 15(9), 523; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15090523 - 25 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1260
Abstract
Snake venom research has historically focused on front-fanged species (Viperidae and Elapidae), limiting our knowledge of venom evolution in rear-fanged snakes across their ecologically diverse phylogeny. Three-finger toxins (3FTxs) are a known neurotoxic component in the venoms of some rear-fanged snakes (Colubridae: Colubrinae), [...] Read more.
Snake venom research has historically focused on front-fanged species (Viperidae and Elapidae), limiting our knowledge of venom evolution in rear-fanged snakes across their ecologically diverse phylogeny. Three-finger toxins (3FTxs) are a known neurotoxic component in the venoms of some rear-fanged snakes (Colubridae: Colubrinae), but it is unclear how prevalent 3FTxs are both in expression within venom glands and more broadly among colubrine species. Here, we used a transcriptomic approach to characterize the venom expression profiles of four species of colubrine snakes from the Neotropics that were dominated by 3FTx expression (in the genera Chironius, Oxybelis, Rhinobothryum, and Spilotes). By reconstructing the gene trees of 3FTxs, we found evidence of putative novel heterodimers in the sequences of Chironius multiventris and Oxybelis aeneus, revealing an instance of parallel evolution of this structural change in 3FTxs among rear-fanged colubrine snakes. We also found positive selection at sites within structural loops or “fingers” of 3FTxs, indicating these areas may be key binding sites that interact with prey target molecules. Overall, our results highlight the importance of exploring the venoms of understudied species in reconstructing the full evolutionary history of toxins across the tree of life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Venom Genes and Genomes of Poisonous Animals: Evolution and Variation)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop