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Veterinary Sciences
Special Issues
Anesthesia and Pain Management in Veterinary Surgery
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Anesthesia and Pain Management in Veterinary Surgery

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Surgery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 5266

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Claudia Gittel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Rossdales Equine Hospital, Newmarket CB8 7NN, UK
Interests: veterinary medicine; equine science; regenerative medicine; ventilation; animal welfare; anesthesia; intensive care; pain management
Catriona J. Mackenzie

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Rossdales Equine Hospital, Newmarket CB8 7NN, UK
Interests: veterinary medicine; equine science; intensive care; neonatology; pain management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Surgical procedures in a variety of animal species require different suitable anaesthesia and analgesia protocols. This includes established, well-known protocols as well as advanced techniques and new drug combinations. In most circumstances, there will be more than one suitable protocol, depending, for instance, on the patient, skill level and availability. Reporting and comparison of characteristics and side effects of different anaesthesia protocols will enable the anaesthetist to choose a protocol based on the respective circumstances. This also includes considerations to perioperative pain management for sufficient analgesia, which could be achieved by multimodal analgesia protocols and locoregional analgesia techniques.

We invite the submission of original research papers, case reports and review papers relating to the management of anaesthesia or sedation in veterinary patients and experimental research animals undergoing surgery. In addition, topics may include perioperative pain management of animals to enable adequate analgesia during surgery.

Dr. Claudia Gittel
Guest Editor

Catriona J. Mackenzie
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Veterinary Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anaesthesia
  • sedation
  • balanced anaesthesia
  • perioperative analgesia
  • animals
  • multimodal analgesia
  • inhalant
  • TIVA
  • monitoring
  • experimental animals

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1186 KiB  
Article
The Performance of Using the Parasympathetic Tone Activity (PTA) Index to Assess Intraoperative Nociception in Cats
by Leonor Lima, José Diogo Dos-Santos, Lénio Ribeiro, Patrícia Cabral, Bruno Colaço and João Martins
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(3), 121; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11030121 - 06 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1149
Abstract
Background: The monitoring of nociception/antinociception poses a significant challenge during anesthesia, making the incorporation of new tools like the Parasympathetic Tone Activity (PTA) monitor an added value in feline anesthesia. Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and speed of PTA monitoring when compared to [...] Read more.
Background: The monitoring of nociception/antinociception poses a significant challenge during anesthesia, making the incorporation of new tools like the Parasympathetic Tone Activity (PTA) monitor an added value in feline anesthesia. Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and speed of PTA monitoring when compared to heart rate (HR) in detecting surgical stimuli (SS) during the intraoperative period in 49 female cats undergoing ovariectomy (OV). Methods: Instantaneous Parasympathetic Tone Activity (PTAi) values, HR, fR, and non-invasive SAP and MAP were continuously monitored and systematically assessed. The time required for HR (HR time) and PTAi (PTAi time) to reach their minimum peak values following each surgical stimulus was collected at five points for each anaesthetized cat. Each collected surgical stimulus was categorized into 3 groups for statistical analysis: no nociception detection, no hemodynamic reaction and a PTAi > 50 (Nhre); no hemodynamic reaction and a PTAi < 50 (Nhre < 50); and hemodynamic reaction and PTAi < 50 (Hre < 50). Results: PTAi response demonstrated effectiveness in detecting nociception compared to HR. The SS were categorized as 36.1% in the Nhre group, 50% in the Nhre < 50 group, and only 13.9% in the Hre < 50 group. In the Hre < 50 group, PTAi time and HR time had similar speeds in detecting the SS (p = 0.821); however, PTA time was significantly slower in the Nhre < 50 group when compared to the Hre < 50 group (p = 0.001). Conclusions: PTA monitoring may be a useful tool to complement HR monitoring for detecting nociception. PTA monitoring demonstrated a superior diagnostic value compared to HR for detecting nociception in cats undergoing OV and a similar speed to HR in detecting SS when HR increases above 20%. Future studies are needed to understand in a clinical setting the meaning of sympathetic activation/nociception detected using the PTA monitor when the HR increase is not clinically relevant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anesthesia and Pain Management in Veterinary Surgery)
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9 pages, 2736 KiB  
Communication
Open Approach to the Transversus Abdominis Plane in Horses: A Cadaver Feasibility Study
by Maia R. Aitken, Dario A. Floriano and Klaus Hopster
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(1), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010051 - 22 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1382
Abstract
The study’s objective was to evaluate the feasibility and dispersion of an open approach to the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in eight adult equine cadavers. A ventral midline incision was made, starting 2 cm cranial to the umbilicus and extending 25 cm [...] Read more.
The study’s objective was to evaluate the feasibility and dispersion of an open approach to the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in eight adult equine cadavers. A ventral midline incision was made, starting 2 cm cranial to the umbilicus and extending 25 cm cranially. In total, 0.5 mL/kg of new methylene blue (NMB) was injected per horse, divided into six injections. Using an 18 g, 8 cm Tuohy needle, three injections were made per side. The needle was guided blindly into the TAP using palpation. A 60 mL syringe was attached directly to the needle, depositing ~0.08 mL/kg at each site. The time to complete the injections was recorded for each cadaver. Following injection, the ventral body wall was dissected to determine if the dye was present within the TAP space as well as to measure the extent of the dispersion of the dye, the cranial to caudal extent, and the width of the dye’s spread. Complete deposition of NMB into the TAP (six of six sites) was achieved in 5/8 horses. The median time needed to perform all the injections was 263 s. Increased adiposity (retroperitoneal fat) was associated with unsuccessful injections. This approach to the TAP was easily and quickly performed, though less successful in horses with increased retroperitoneal fat and increased BCS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anesthesia and Pain Management in Veterinary Surgery)
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11 pages, 1017 KiB  
Article
Comparison between Bilateral Ultrasound-Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block and Sacrococcygeal Epidural in Cats Undergoing Ovariectomy
by José Diogo dos-Santos, Mário Ginja, João Martins, Patrícia Cabral, Sofia Alves-Pimenta, Lénio Ribeiro, Pablo E. Otero and Bruno Colaço
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010025 - 08 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1850
Abstract
Background: Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) and sacrococcygeal epidural anaesthesia (ScE) have been used for neutering cats, providing effective pain relief. Objectives: To compare the effects of the QLB with those of ScE in cats undergoing ovariectomies. Methods: Feral cats undergoing ovariectomy were [...] Read more.
Background: Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) and sacrococcygeal epidural anaesthesia (ScE) have been used for neutering cats, providing effective pain relief. Objectives: To compare the effects of the QLB with those of ScE in cats undergoing ovariectomies. Methods: Feral cats undergoing ovariectomy were premedicated with dexmedetomidine (20 μg kg−1) and methadone (0.2 mg kg−1) intramuscularly. Anaesthesia was induced with 2–4 mg kg−1 of propofol intravenously and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. The cats were randomly allocated to the groups QLB (bilateral QLB with 0.4 mL kg−1 of 0.25% bupivacaine) and ScE (0.3 mL kg−1 of 0.25% bupivacaine). Hemodynamic data and analgesia rescue were collected at four intraoperative periods. The pain scale and motor block were assessed in both groups during the postoperative period. Results: The ScE results in increased hypotension, prolonged extubation time, and higher postoperative motor block than the QLB (p < 0.05). The QLB and ScE groups required a similar number of intraoperative rescues and presented the same postoperative pain scale classification. Conclusions: The QLB with 0.25% bupivacaine is a potential alternative to ScE with 0.25% bupivacaine in perioperative pain management in elective cat ovariectomy. The QLB promoted less hypotension and postoperative motor block when compared with the ScE group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anesthesia and Pain Management in Veterinary Surgery)
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