Assessment of Insecticidal Activity of Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids from Chilean Rhamnaceae Plants against Fruit-Fly Drosophila melanogaster and the Lepidopteran Crop Pest Cydia pomonella
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Phytochemical Analysis
2.2. Insecticidal Activity
2.2.1. Larval Toxicity of the Alkaloids
2.2.2. Influence of the Alkaloids on Insect Growth
2.3. Docking Study
2.3.1. Octopamine Receptor
2.3.2. Ecdysteroid Receptor
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Equipment and General Experimental Procedures
4.2. Plant Material
4.3. Extraction and Isolation
4.4. Insect Bioassays
4.5. Bioassay for Insecticidal Activity against Larvae of D. melanogaster
4.6. Bioassays for Insecticidal Activity against Larvae of C. pomonella
4.7. Growth Regulation Assay
4.8. Ligand Construction and Docking Studies on the Ecdysone Receptor EcR and OAMB Receptor
4.8.1. Receptor Modeling and Ligand Preparation
4.8.2. Molecular Docking
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment | Mortality after 24 h (%) 10 µg/mL | Cumulative Mortality a,b,c (%) | Weight Gained (%) | Length Gained (%) | Pupation % | Mean Pupation Time (days) | % IG | Emergence (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 8 | 100 | 100 |
Boldine 1 | 0 | 82.4 ± 3.4 a,b,c | 11.2 ± 0.07 | 68.6 | 3.3 | 14 | 3.3 | 3.3 |
Coclaurine 2 | 0 | 73.0 ± 3.4 a,b,c | 42.9 ± 0.06 | 72.9 | 6.6 | 12 | 6.6 | 6.6 |
Laurolitsine 3 | 3.3 | 100 ± 0.0 a,b,c | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Pukateine 4 | 10 | 83.8 ± 2.1 a,b,c | 77.5 ± 0.03 | 7.9 | 3.3 | 10 | 3.3 | 3.3 |
Treatment | Mortality after 24 h (%) 10 µg/mL | Cumulative Mortality a,b,c (%) | Weight Gained (%) | Length Gained (%) | Pupation % | Mean Pupation Time (days) | % IG | Emergence (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 8 | 100 | 100 | |
Boldine 1 | 10 | 100 ± 0.0 a,b,c | 7.40 ± 0.07 | 68.3 ± 0.07 | 0.0 | - | - | - |
Coclaurine 2 | 0 | 100 ± 0.0 a,b,c | 98.5 ± 0.06 | 71.4 ± 0.06 | 0.0 | - | - | - |
Laurolitsine 3 | 6.7 | 100 ± 0.0 a,b,c | 46.0 ± 0.07 | 66.7 ± 0.07 | 0.0 | - | - | - |
Pukateine 4 | 0 | 100 ± 0.0 a,b,c | 33.6 ± 0.20 | 66.3 ± 0.08 | 0.0 | - | - | - |
Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from the authors. |
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Quiroz-Carreño, S.; Pastene-Navarrete, E.; Espinoza-Pinochet, C.; Muñoz-Núñez, E.; Devotto-Moreno, L.; Céspedes-Acuña, C.L.; Alarcón-Enos, J. Assessment of Insecticidal Activity of Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids from Chilean Rhamnaceae Plants against Fruit-Fly Drosophila melanogaster and the Lepidopteran Crop Pest Cydia pomonella. Molecules 2020, 25, 5094. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215094
Quiroz-Carreño S, Pastene-Navarrete E, Espinoza-Pinochet C, Muñoz-Núñez E, Devotto-Moreno L, Céspedes-Acuña CL, Alarcón-Enos J. Assessment of Insecticidal Activity of Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids from Chilean Rhamnaceae Plants against Fruit-Fly Drosophila melanogaster and the Lepidopteran Crop Pest Cydia pomonella. Molecules. 2020; 25(21):5094. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215094
Chicago/Turabian StyleQuiroz-Carreño, Soledad, Edgar Pastene-Navarrete, Cesar Espinoza-Pinochet, Evelyn Muñoz-Núñez, Luis Devotto-Moreno, Carlos L. Céspedes-Acuña, and Julio Alarcón-Enos. 2020. "Assessment of Insecticidal Activity of Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids from Chilean Rhamnaceae Plants against Fruit-Fly Drosophila melanogaster and the Lepidopteran Crop Pest Cydia pomonella" Molecules 25, no. 21: 5094. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215094