Increasing the Power of Polyphenols through Nanoencapsulation for Adjuvant Therapy against Cardiovascular Diseases
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Brief Overview of Nano-Encapsulated Polyphenols: Nature and Physiochemical Polymer Benefits
2.1. Proteins
2.2. Polysaccharides
2.3. Nanoemulsions
2.4. Nanoliposomes and Niosomes
3. Nano-Encapsulated Polyphenols Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability
4. Critical Analysis of the Effectiveness of Nano-Encapsulated Polyphenols on Cardiovascular Performance: Pre-Clinical and Clinical Trials
5. Nanoparticles: Safety and Cytotoxicity
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wall Polymer | Polyphenol | Cytotoxicity Assay | Cell Culture | Exposure Time | NP Concentration | Cell Viability | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thiolated quaternary ammonium-chitosan | Grape seed polyphenols | WST-1 | EPCs | 3 h | 0–4.9 μg·mL−1 | 100% | [202] |
Soy protein nanoemulsion | Catechins | MTT | Caco-2 | 24 h | 75 and 500 μg·mL−1 | 95 and 85% | [203] |
Starch NPs | Catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, proanthocyanidin, individually encapsulated and assayed | MTT | MEF | 24 h | 0.015–0.250 μg·mL−1 | >80% | [75] |
Transcutol-based nanoemulsion | Curcumin | MTT | nasal epithelium | 72 h | 0.012–1 mg·mL−1 | 100% | [127] |
Chitosan-alginate NPs | Quercetin | MTT LDH | HepG2 | 24 h | 10 μg·mL−1 | 100% | [77] |
Zein-casein-lysine NPs | Ferulic acid | MTT | Caco-2 | 24 h | 0.1–1000 μg·mL−1 | 94% | [72] |
Zein-casein-lysine NPs | Ferulic acid | MTT | Caco-2 | 4 h | 100 and 300 μg·mL−1 | 100% | [72] |
Liposomes NPs | Resveratrol | MTT | ß-pancreatic | 24 h | 25 μg·mL−1 | >90% | [181] |
Quaternary ammonium chitosan NPs | Cherry extract | WST-1 | HUVEC | 2 h | 2 μg·mL−1 GAE | 77% | [174] |
liposome-phosphatidylcholine from soybean | Quercetin and gallic acid alone and co-loaded | CC8-K | RAW 264.7 | 24 h | 1, 10 and 50 μg·mL−1 | 100% | [138] |
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Trindade, L.R.; da Silva, D.V.T.; Baião, D.d.S.; Paschoalin, V.M.F. Increasing the Power of Polyphenols through Nanoencapsulation for Adjuvant Therapy against Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2021, 26, 4621. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154621
Trindade LR, da Silva DVT, Baião DdS, Paschoalin VMF. Increasing the Power of Polyphenols through Nanoencapsulation for Adjuvant Therapy against Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules. 2021; 26(15):4621. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154621
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrindade, Lucileno Rodrigues, Davi Vieira Teixeira da Silva, Diego dos Santos Baião, and Vania Margaret Flosi Paschoalin. 2021. "Increasing the Power of Polyphenols through Nanoencapsulation for Adjuvant Therapy against Cardiovascular Diseases" Molecules 26, no. 15: 4621. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154621