The Influence of CB2-Receptor Ligands on the Memory-Related Responses in Connection with Cholinergic Pathways in Mice in the Passive Avoidance Test
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. The Impact of Cholinergic Ligands on the Memory and Learning Processes in Mice in the PA Test
2.2. The Impact of CB2 Receptor Ligands on the Memory and Learning Processes in Mice in the PA Test
2.2.1. The Impact of the CB2-Receptor Agonist JWH 133 on the Memory and Learning Processes in Mice in the PA Test
2.2.2. The Impact of the CB2-Receptor Antagonist AM 630 on the Memory and Learning Processes in Mice in the PA Test
2.3. The Influence of the Administration of CB2 Receptor Ligands on the Memory-Related Responses Provoked by Nicotine in the PA Test in Mice
2.3.1. The Impact of the CB2 Receptor Agonist JWH 133 on the Memory and Learning Processes Provoked by Non-Effective Dose of Nicotine in Mice in the PA Test
2.3.2. The Impact of the CB2 Receptor Antagonist AM 630 on the Memory and Learning Processes Provoked by a Non-Effective Dose of Nicotine in Mice in the PA Test
2.3.3. The Impact of the CB2 Receptor Agonist JWH 133 on the Memory and Learning Processes Provoked by Effective (Pro-Cognitive) Dose of Nicotine in Mice in the PA Test
2.3.4. The Impact of the CB2-Receptor Antagonist AM 630 on the Memory and Learning Processes Induced by Effective (Pro-Cognitive) Dose of Nicotine in Mice in the PA Test
2.4. The Influence of the Administration of CB2-Receptor Ligands on the Memory-Related Responses Provoked by Scopolamine in the PA Test in Mice
2.4.1. The Impact of the CB2-Receptor Agonist JWH 133 on the Memory and Learning Processes Induced by Effective (Amnestic) Dose of Scopolamine in Mice in the PA Test
2.4.2. The Impact of the CB2-Receptor Antagonist AM 630 on the Memory and Learning Processes Induced by Effective (Amnestic) Dose of Scopolamine in Mice in the PA Test
3. Discussion
3.1. The Impact of Cholinergic Receptor Ligands on the Memory Acquisition and Consolidation in PA Test in Mice
3.2. The Impact of CB2-Receptor Ligands on Memory Acquisition and Consolidation in the PA Test in Mice
3.3. The Impact of CB2-Receptor Ligands on the Memory Acquisition and Consolidation Responses Induced by Cholinergic Receptor Ligands in the PA Test in Mice
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Drugs
4.3. Experimental Procedures
4.4. Treatment
- the non-effective and effective dose of nicotine (0.05 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively)
- the effective dose of scopolamine (1 mg/kg)
- non-effective dose of JWH 133(0.25 mg/kg) and AM 630 (0.25 mg/kg).
4.5. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Acquisition of Memory | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PA Test | Drug Administration | Interval | TL1 | Interval | TL2 |
Long-term memory | Nicotine (0.05 or 0.1 mg/kg) | 30 min | + | 24 h | + |
Scopolamine (1 mg/kg) | 30 min | + | 24 h | + | |
JWH 133 (0.25; 0.5; 1 mg/kg) | 30 min | + | 24 h | + | |
AM 630 (0.25; 0.5; 1 mg/kg) | 30 min | + | 24 h | + | |
Vehicle (for the control group) | 30 min | + | 24 h | + |
Consolidation of Memory | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PA Test | TL1 | Interval | Drug Administration | Interval | TL2 |
Long-term memory | + | 0 min | Nicotine (0.05 or 0.1 mg/kg) | 24 h | + |
+ | 0 min | Scopolamine (1 mg/kg) | 24 h | + | |
+ | 0 min | JWH 133 (0.25; 0.5; 1 mg/kg) | 24 h | + | |
+ | 0 min | AM 630 (0.25; 0.5; 1 mg/kg) | 24 h | + | |
+ | 0 min | Vehicle (for the control group) | 24 h | + |
Acquisition of Memory | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PA Test | Drug Administration | Interval | Drug Administration | Interval | TL1 | Interval | TL2 |
Long-term memory | JWH 133 (0.25 mg/kg) | 15 min | nicotine (0.05 mg/kg) or nicotine (0.1 mg/kg) or scopolamine (1 mg/kg) or vehicle | 15 min | + | 24 h | + |
AM 630 (0.25 mg/kg) | 15 min | nicotine (0.05 mg/kg) or nicotine (0.1 mg/kg) or scopolamine (1 mg/kg) or vehicle | 15 min | + | 24 h | + | |
vehicle (control group) | 15 min | nicotine (0.05 mg/kg) or nicotine (0.1 mg/kg) or scopolamine (1 mg/kg) or vehicle | 15 min | + | 24 h | + |
Consolidation of Memory | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PA Test | TL1 | Interval | Drug Administration | Interval | Drug Administration | Interval | TL2 |
Long-term memory | + | 0 min | JWH 133 (0.25 mg/kg) | 15 min | nicotine (0.05 mg/kg) or nicotine (0.1 mg/kg) or scopolamine (1 mg/kg) or vehicle | 24 h | + |
+ | 0 min | AM 630 (0.25 mg/kg) | 15 min | nicotine (0.05 mg/kg) or nicotine (0.1 mg/kg) or scopolamine (1 mg/kg) or vehicle | 24 h | + | |
+ | 0 min | vehicle (control group) | 15 min | nicotine (0.05 mg/kg) or nicotine (0.1 mg/kg) or scopolamine (1 mg/kg) or vehicle | 24 h | + |
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Kruk-Slomka, M.; Dzik, A.; Biala, G. The Influence of CB2-Receptor Ligands on the Memory-Related Responses in Connection with Cholinergic Pathways in Mice in the Passive Avoidance Test. Molecules 2022, 27, 4252. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134252
Kruk-Slomka M, Dzik A, Biala G. The Influence of CB2-Receptor Ligands on the Memory-Related Responses in Connection with Cholinergic Pathways in Mice in the Passive Avoidance Test. Molecules. 2022; 27(13):4252. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134252
Chicago/Turabian StyleKruk-Slomka, Marta, Agnieszka Dzik, and Grazyna Biala. 2022. "The Influence of CB2-Receptor Ligands on the Memory-Related Responses in Connection with Cholinergic Pathways in Mice in the Passive Avoidance Test" Molecules 27, no. 13: 4252. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134252