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Review

Sonosensitive Cavitation Nuclei—A Customisable Platform Technology for Enhanced Therapeutic Delivery

by
Brian Lyons
1,*,
Joel P. R. Balkaran
1,†,
Darcy Dunn-Lawless
1,†,
Veronica Lucian
1,
Sara B. Keller
1,
Colm S. O’Reilly
2,
Luna Hu
1,
Jeffrey Rubasingham
1,
Malavika Nair
1,
Robert Carlisle
1,
Eleanor Stride
1,
Michael Gray
1 and
Constantin Coussios
1,*
1
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
2
Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Molecules 2023, 28(23), 7733; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237733
Submission received: 6 October 2023 / Revised: 14 November 2023 / Accepted: 16 November 2023 / Published: 23 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology and Novel Drug Delivery Systems)

Abstract

Ultrasound-mediated cavitation shows great promise for improving targeted drug delivery across a range of clinical applications. Cavitation nuclei—sound-sensitive constructs that enhance cavitation activity at lower pressures—have become a powerful adjuvant to ultrasound-based treatments, and more recently emerged as a drug delivery vehicle in their own right. The unique combination of physical, biological, and chemical effects that occur around these structures, as well as their varied compositions and morphologies, make cavitation nuclei an attractive platform for creating delivery systems tuned to particular therapeutics. In this review, we describe the structure and function of cavitation nuclei, approaches to their functionalization and customization, various clinical applications, progress toward real-world translation, and future directions for the field.
Keywords: drug delivery; ultrasound; cavitation; sonosensitive; nanoparticles; cavitation nuclei drug delivery; ultrasound; cavitation; sonosensitive; nanoparticles; cavitation nuclei

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Lyons, B.; Balkaran, J.P.R.; Dunn-Lawless, D.; Lucian, V.; Keller, S.B.; O’Reilly, C.S.; Hu, L.; Rubasingham, J.; Nair, M.; Carlisle, R.; et al. Sonosensitive Cavitation Nuclei—A Customisable Platform Technology for Enhanced Therapeutic Delivery. Molecules 2023, 28, 7733. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237733

AMA Style

Lyons B, Balkaran JPR, Dunn-Lawless D, Lucian V, Keller SB, O’Reilly CS, Hu L, Rubasingham J, Nair M, Carlisle R, et al. Sonosensitive Cavitation Nuclei—A Customisable Platform Technology for Enhanced Therapeutic Delivery. Molecules. 2023; 28(23):7733. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237733

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lyons, Brian, Joel P. R. Balkaran, Darcy Dunn-Lawless, Veronica Lucian, Sara B. Keller, Colm S. O’Reilly, Luna Hu, Jeffrey Rubasingham, Malavika Nair, Robert Carlisle, and et al. 2023. "Sonosensitive Cavitation Nuclei—A Customisable Platform Technology for Enhanced Therapeutic Delivery" Molecules 28, no. 23: 7733. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237733

APA Style

Lyons, B., Balkaran, J. P. R., Dunn-Lawless, D., Lucian, V., Keller, S. B., O’Reilly, C. S., Hu, L., Rubasingham, J., Nair, M., Carlisle, R., Stride, E., Gray, M., & Coussios, C. (2023). Sonosensitive Cavitation Nuclei—A Customisable Platform Technology for Enhanced Therapeutic Delivery. Molecules, 28(23), 7733. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237733

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