The Double-Cross of Benzotriazole-Based Polymers as Donors and Acceptors in Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. D-A Conjugated Polymers
2.1. F-BzT-Based Conjugated Polymers with Thiophene Bridge
2.1.1. FTAZ-Conjugated Polymers with BDT as Donor Moiety
Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
PBnDT-FTAZ | SF-PDI2 | 2.3 | [25] | |
FTAZ c | IDIC | 13.03 | [34] | |
FTAZ c | IDCIC | 9.64 (13.58) d | 9.09 ± 0.34 (13.10 ± 0.26) d | [35] |
FTAZ c | ITIC 1 | 8.54 | 8.32 ± 0.19 | [36] |
FTAZ c | ITIC 2 | 11.0 | 10.6 ± 0.2 | [36] |
FTAZ c | ITIC-Th | 8.88 | 8.67 ± 0.15 | [37] |
FTAZ c | ITIC-Th 1 | 12.1 | 11.9 ± 0.1 | [37] |
FTAZ c | INIC | 7.7 | 7.5 | [38] |
FTAZ c | INIC1 | 10.1 | 9.9 | [38] |
FTAZ c | INIC2 | 10.8 | 10.6 | [38] |
FTAZ c | INIC3 | 11.5 | 11.2 | [38] |
FTAZ c | IHIC 2 | 7.45 | 7.30 ± 0.18 | [39] |
FTAZ c | IOIC 2 | 11.2 (12.1) e | 11.1 ± 0.1 (12.1± 0.2) e | [39] |
FTAZ c | IDIC | 12.5 | 12.1 ± 0.4 e | [40] |
FTAZ c | IT-M | 11.89 (12.22) f | [41] | |
PBnDT-FTAZ | IT-M | 12.0 g | 11.7 ± 0.3 | [42] |
OTAZ h | IT-M | 4.1 | 3.8 ± 0.2 | [42] |
F OTAZ i | IT-M | 5.7 | 5.2 ± 0.4 | [42] |
4′-FT-FTAZ j | ITIC-Th1 | 10.3 | [28] |
2.1.2. FTAZ-Conjugated Polymers with Other Donor Moieties
2.1.3. BzT-Based Conjugated Polymers with Other Bridges
2.2. Condensed Ring BzT-Based Conjugated Polymers
3. BzT-Based Acceptor Polymers
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
J52 | ITIC | 5.18 (5.51) c | 4.85 ± 0.26 (5.26 ± 0.18) c | [50] |
PBZ (J52) | ITIC | 8.00 | 7.5 ± 0.3 | [51] |
J52 | m-ITIC | 3.45 (5.98) c | 5.89 ± 0.12 c | [53] |
J52 | BTA13 | 7.82 | 7.63 ± 0.015 | [54] |
J52 | ITIC | 3.78 | 3.01 | [55] |
PBDT(T)FTAZ (J52) | N2200 | 4.95 (5.83) d (6.14) c | 4.71 (5.55) d (5.95)c | [52] |
J52 | JC2 | 10.27 | 10.12 ± 0.09 | [56] |
J52 | Y6 | 7.15 | [57] | |
J52 | Y6 | 6.02 | [58] | |
J52 | IT-4F | 6.4 | [43] |
Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
J91 | m-ITIC | 6.05 (11.63) c | 11.32 ± 0.21 c | [53] |
J52-F(PFBZ) | ITIC | 10.4 | 9.8 ± 0.4 | [51] |
J52-F | BTA13 | 8.36 | 8.28 ± 0.11 | [54] |
J52-F | BTA3 | 9.04 | 8.68 | [64] |
J52-F | BTA4 | 5.61 | 5.34 | [64] |
J52-F | BTA5 | 11.26 | 10.95 | [64] |
J52-F | BTA3b | 9.81 | 9.72 ± 0.09 | [65] |
J52-F | J14 | 10.33 | 10.29 ± 0.04 | [65] |
J52-Cl | ITIC | 11.53 | 10.9 | [55] |
J52-Cl | Y6 | 12.31 | 12.31 ± 0.06 | [29] |
J52-Cl | IT-4F | 9.7 | 9.3 | [43] |
L68 (J52-Cl) | IT-4F | 9.30 | 9.1 ± 0.2 | [66] |
L68 (J52-Cl) | TTPT-T-4F | 12.72 | 12.42 ± 0.27 | [67] |
J52-Cl | JC2 | 11.44 | 11.21 ± 0.18 | [56] |
J52-Cl | BTA1 | 0.6 | [68] | |
J52-Cl | BTA11 | 0.13 | [68] | |
J52-Cl | BTA3 | 10.5 | [68] | |
J52-Cl | BTA13 | 7.16 | [68] | |
J52-Cl | BTA7 | 5.78 | [68] | |
J52-Cl | BTA17 | 5.18 | [68] | |
J52-Cl | Y18 | 13.64 | [21] | |
J52-Ome d | JC2 | 11.18 | 10.92 ± 0.16 | [56] |
L24 | IT-4F | 1.33 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | [66] |
L810 | IT-4F | 12.1 | 11.7 ± 0.4 | [66] |
J52FTh | ITIC | 12.23 (13.32) c | [69] | |
J52ClF | IT-4F | 13.73 (14.59) c | 13.49 ± 0.24 (14.32 ± 0.27) c | [59] |
J11 | m-ITTC | 10.16 (12.32) c | 10.01 ± 0.24 (11.81 ± 0.21) | [70] |
J12 | m-ITTC | 8.31 (8.74) c | 7.99 ± 0.13 (8.31 ± 0.25) | [70] |
J11 | Y10 | 11.37 (13.46) e | 11.17 ± 0.2 (13.26 ± 0.2) | [71] |
Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
J60 | ITIC | 5.17 (8.97) c | 5.07 ± 0.14 (8.67 ± 0.31) c | [50] |
J61 | ITIC | 9.15 (9.53) c | 8.93 ± 0.26 (9.22 ± 0.24) c | [50] |
J61 | ITIC | 10.57 | 10.28 ± 0.15 | [72] |
J61 | ITIC | 9.32 c | [75] | |
J61 | m-ITIC | 11.77 | 11.49 ± 0.16 | [72] |
PSBZ | ITIC | 9.7 (10.5) c | 9.2 ± 0.4 (10.0 ± 0.3) c | [73] |
J62 | ITIC | 9.09 (10.81) c | 8.87 ± 0.19 (10.68 ± 0.11) c | [74] |
J63 | ITIC | 7.38 (8.13) c | 7.24 ± 0.13 (8.02 ± 0.09) c | [74] |
J64 | ITIC | 7.51 (8.59) c | 7.23 ± 0.19 (8.36 ± 0.18) c | [74] |
J61 | BTA1 | 0.26 | 0.26 ± 0.003 | [76] |
J61 | BTA2 | 3.02 | 2.98 ± 0.04 | [76] |
J61 | BTA3 | 8.25 | 8.03 ± 0.14 | [76] |
J52-FS | BTA13 | 3.84 | 3.83 ± 0.02 | [54] |
J52-FS | Y6 | 10.58 | 10.14 ± 0.40 | [77] |
J52-Cl-S | Y6 | 10.48 | 10.23 ± 0.24 | [57] |
J65 | ITIC | 4.92 (6.91) c | 4.58 ± 0.32 (6.01 ± 0.36)) | [61] |
PBDTFBTA-2T | Y6 | 11.76 | 11.37 ± 0.35 | [78] |
PBDTFBTA-TSi | Y6 | 14.18 | 13.76 ± 0.40 | [78] |
PBDTFBTA-2Si | Y6 | 11.92 | 11.45 ± 0.39 | [78] |
Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
J71 | ITIC | 9.03 (11.41) c | 8.94 ± 0.24 (11.2 ± 0.29) | [82] |
J71 | m-ITIC | 12.05 | 11.77 ± 0.15 | [83] |
J70 | m-ITIC | 11.62 | 11.40 ± 0.18 | [83] |
J72 | m-ITIC | 10.23 | 9.95 ± 0.22 | [83] |
J73 | m-ITIC | 10.71 | 10.43 ± 0.16 | [83] |
J74 | m-ITIC | 9.63 | 9.47 ± 0.12 | [83] |
J71 | ITCPTC | 6.38 (7.13) c | 5.88 ± 0.52 (6.61 ± 0.67) c | [84] |
J71 | MeIC | 6.64 (8.83) c | 6.22 ± 0.47 (8.38 ± 0.56) | [84] |
J71 | ITC6-IC | 11.32 | 10.89 | [85] |
J71 | IDIC | 11.75 | 11.23 | [85] |
J71 | Me-IC | 10.57 | 10.37 | [85] |
J71 | ITCPTC | 10.46 | 10.03 | [85] |
J71 | ITIC | 10.95 | 10.55 | [85] |
PBZ-ClSi (J71-Cl) | IT-4F | 12.8 b | 12.5 | [43] |
J71 | IT-4F | 7.79 (8.16) d | [30] | |
J71-Cl (PBZ-ClSi) | IT-4F | 9.47 (11.10) e | [30] | |
J101 | IT-4F | 8.07 (11.30) e | [30] |
Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
PDTTz-N | ITIC | 6.61 | [92] | |
PBDTTz-BP | ITIC | 8.03 | [92] | |
PBDTTz-BP | ITIC | 9.20 | 8.97 | [47] |
PBDTTz-SBP | ITIC | 12.09 | 11.89 | [47] |
P2 | ITIC | 5.91 (6.59) c | [94] | |
PBZ1 | ITIC | 4.3 (5.8) c | 4.1 (5.7) c | [95] |
PBZ-m-CF3 | ITIC | 7.9 (10.4) c | 7.8 (10.3) c | [95] |
PBTA-PS | ITIC | 11.85 | 11.52 | [98] |
PBTA-PSF | ITIC | 13.91 | 13.60 | [98] |
PBTZa | ITIC-4Cl | 6.02 (8.50) c | 5.96 (8.31) c | [99] |
PBTZb | ITIC-4Cl | 12.09 (14.53) c | 11.81 (14.34) c | [99] |
T1 | ITIC | 11.83 | 11.50 ±0.33 | [93] |
DZ1 | MeIC | 8.26 | 7.94 ± 0.19 | [97] |
DZ2 | MeIC | 10.21 | 9.98 ± 0.20 | [97] |
DZ3 | MeIC | 5.97 | 5.77 ± 0.20 | [97] |
PBDTPSi-FTAZ | IDIC | 5.78 (7.07) c | 5.62 ± 0.16 (6.91 ± 0.16) c | [100] |
Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
PE51 | Y6 | 13.34 | 13.17 ± 0.12 | [101] |
PE52 | Y6 | 14.61 | 14.33 ± 0.28 | [101] |
PE53 | Y6 | 13.72 | 13.52 ± 0.15 | [101] |
PTBFBz | ITIC | 6.54 (8.33) c | 6.42 (8.12) c | [102] |
PTSDO-Bz | ITIC | 8.66 | [103] | |
PTDO-Bz | ITIC | 6.59 | [103] | |
PPEH-Bz | ITIC | 8.23 | [103] | |
PPFOEH-Bz | ITIC | 8.16 | [103] |
Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
PBDFT-Bz | ITIC | 9.26 | 9.08 | [105] |
PBDFT-Bz | m-ITIC | 9.84 | 9.62 | [105] |
PBDFF-Bz | ITIC | 9.46 | 9.28 | [105] |
PBDFF-Bz | m-ITIC | 10.28 | 10.02 | [105] |
PBDFS-fBz | ITIC | 9.00 | [26] | |
PBDFT-FFBz | m-ITIC | 7.57 | 7.32 ± 0.20 | [106] |
PBDFF-FFBz | m-ITIC | 8.79 | 8.32 ± 0.32 | [106] |
J81 | ITIC | 10.6 | [107] | |
J81 | m-ITIC | 11.5 | [107] | |
L2 (F11/P-ClT) | TTPT-T-4F | 14.0 | 13.68 ± 0.21 | [67] |
F10 (P-FT) | m-ITIC | 10.5 | [62] | |
F11 (L2/PClT) | m-ITIC | 11.37 | [62] | |
P-FT (F10) | m-ITIC | 11.43 c | 10.87 ± 0.23 a | [108] |
P-FT (F10) | Y6 | 10.61 c | 10.03 ± 0.48 a | [108] |
P-ClT (L2/F11) | m-ITIC | 11.61 c | 11.04 ± 0.55 a | [108] |
P-ClT (L2/F11) | Y6 | 11.03 c | 10.64 ± 0.15 a | [108] |
P-P | m-ITIC | 8.28 c | 7.32 ± 0.59 a | [108] |
P-P | Y6 | 9.49 c | 8.11 ± 0.11 a | [108] |
P-4FP | m-ITIC | 8.86 c | 8.70 ± 0.26 a | [108] |
P-4FP | Y6 | 13.34 c | 12.71 ± 0.51 a | [108] |
PBDFTz-SBP | ITIC | 12.42 | 12.24 ± 0.22 | [109] |
PBDFP-Bz | ITIC | 11.10 d | 10.69 ± 0.27 | [110] |
PBDFP-Bz | IT-M | 12.93 e | 12.19 ± 0.38 | [110] |
PBDFP-Bz | Y6 | 14.62 | 13.49 ± 0.62 | [111] |
PBDFP-dT-Bz | Y6 | 16.03 | [112] | |
PBDFP-dF-Bz | Y6 | 15.59 | [112] | |
PBDFP-TF-Bz | Y6 | 17.01 | [112] | |
PBDFP-TF-Bz | Y6:PCBO12 | 18.1 | [112] |
Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
PE1 | BTA3 | 8.43 | 8.36 ± 0.09 | [118] |
PE2 | BTA3 | 5.83 | 5.75 ± 0.05 | [118] |
PE2 | Y6 | 13.50 | 13.05 ± 0.26 | [77] |
PE4 (PE5) | Y6 | 14.02 | 13.90 ± 0.08 | [29] |
PE5 (PE4) | Y6 | 14.48 | 14.25 ± 0.21 | [57] |
PE40 | Y6 | 7.07 | 6.29 ± 0.86 | [119] |
PE42 | Y6 | 10.11 | 9.93 ± 0.14 | [119] |
PE44 | Y6 | 13.62 | 12.81 ± 0.50 | [119] |
PE45 | Y5 | 13.76 | 13.40 ± 0.26 | [120] |
PE46 | Y5 | 13.55 | 13.32 ± 0.19 | [120] |
PE47 | Y5 | 6.51 | 6.14 ± 0.18 | [120] |
PE45 | Y6 | 10.30 | 10.16 ± 0.12 | [120] |
PE46 | Y6 | 14.25 | 13.72 ± 0.38 | [120] |
PE47 | Y6 | 15.58 | 15.16 ± 0.38 | [120] |
PCN1 | BTA3 | 12.07 | 11.63 ± 0.44 | [58] |
PCN2 | BTA3 | 15.2 | 14.83 ± 0.37 | [58] |
Polymer Donor | Non-Fullerene Acceptor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
PTzBI-DT | ITIC | 8.11 (9.43) c | 7.99 (9.32) c | [121] |
PTzBI | ITIC | 8.64 (10.23) d | 8.60 (10.13) d | [121] |
PTzBI | N2200 | 9.16 e | 9.06 ± 0.14 e | [122] |
PTzBI | N2200 | 8.21 f | 8.05 ± 0.15 f | [123] |
PTzBI | Y6 | 9.24 | 9.06 ± 0.18 | [124] |
PTzBI-Si | N2200 | 8.3 e (10.1) g | 8.2 ± 0.1 e (9.9± 0.2) g | [126] |
PTzBI-Si | N2200 | 10.1 e | 9.9 ± 0.2 e | [127] |
PTzBI-Si | N2200 | 7.6 g | 7.4 ± 0.2 g | [127] |
PTzBI-Si | N2200 | 11.0 h | 10.8 ± 0.2 h | [127] |
PTzBI-Si | PNDICI | 5.4 i (3.0) j | 5.2 ± 0.2 i (2.8 ± 0.1) j | [128] |
P2F-Si | PNDICI | 4.6 i (4.2) j | 4.4 ± 0.1 i (4.1 ± 0.1) j | [128] |
P2F-EHP | BTPT-4F | 1.09 c | 1.06 ± 0.06 c | [129] |
P2F-EHP | BTPTT-4F (Y6) | 16.02 d | 15.75 ± 0.25 d | [129] |
P2F-EHP | Y6 | 15.65 | 15.50 ± 0.15 | [130] |
P2F-EHP | Y6+PC61BM | 16.18 | 16.07 ± 0.13 | [130] |
P2F-EHP | BTA3 | 4.62 | 4.45 ± 0.02 | [131] |
P2F-EHP | BTA3-F | 8.38 | 8.25 ± 0.02 | [131] |
PTzBI-2Fp | ITIC-4F+5% N2200 | 13.0 | 12.9 ± 0.1 | [132] |
PTzBIoF | PS1 | 13.8 g | 13.5 | [125] |
PM6-TzBI-10 | L8-BO | 18.36 | [135] | |
PHT-EHp | Y6 | 7.7 d | 7.63 ± 0.2 | [133] |
PFT-EHp | Y6 | 14.16 | 14.02 ± 0.13 | [130] |
PFT-EHp | Y6 | 15.4 d | 15.0 ± 0.2 | [133] |
PCT-EHp (PTzBI-Cl) | Y6 | 15.06 | 14.96 ± 0.06 | [130] |
PCT-EHp (PTzBI-Cl) | Y6 | 15.8 d | 15.6 ± 0.1 | [133] |
PCT-EHp (PTzBI-Cl) | Y6DT | 16.4 d | 16.2 ± 0.2 | [133] |
PTzBI-Cl (PCT-EHp) | Y6 | 10.35 | 9.99 ± 0.36 | [124] |
PTzBI-dF | Y6 | 9.13 | 8.77 ± 0.36 | [124] |
PTzBI-dF | L8-BO | 16.74 k | 16.49 ± 0.25 | [134] |
PTzBI-dF | Y6 | 16.23 k | 16.03 ± 0.20 | [134] |
PTzBI-dF | L8-BO+Y6 | 18.26 | 17.95 ± 0.31 | [134] |
P1 | ITIC | 7.14 l | 7.02 ± 0.08 | [136] |
P2 | ITIC | 4.17 l | 3.96 ± 0.14 | [136] |
P3 | ITIC | 3.66 l | 3.60 ± 0.07 | [136] |
PfBTAZT-BDT (PfBTAZT-H) | ITIC | 6.04 | 5.71 | [137] |
PfBTAZT-fBDT (PfBTAZT-F) | ITIC | 6.59 d | 6.05 d | [137] |
PfBTAZT-H (PfBTAZT-BDT) | BTA3 | 6.65 | 6.53 ± 0.16 | [138] |
PfBTAZT-F (PfBTAZT-fBDT) | BTA3 | 7.69 | 7.53 ± 0.09 | [138] |
PfBTAZT-Cl | BTA3 | 8.00 | 7.95 ± 0.06 | [138] |
P32 | IHIC | 8.59 m | [139] | |
P33 | IHIC | 6.63 m | [139] | |
PfBTAZT-fBDT (PfBTAZT-F) | Y6 | 8.77 | 8.50 ± 0.14 | [140] |
PffBTAZT-fBDT | Y6 | 14.53 | 14.29 ± 0.16 | [140] |
PY1 | IT-M | 12.49 | 12.20 ± 0.30 | [19] |
PY39 | Y18 | 12.45 | 12.26 ± 0.19 | [20] |
PDTH-TZNT | IT-M | 4.42 | 4.05 ± 0.37 | [141] |
PDTF-TZNT | IT-M | 10.05 (11.48) n | 9.74 ± 0.31 (11.16 ± 0.32) n | [141] |
PDTS-TZNT | ITIC | 10.45 | 10.13 ± 0.32 | [142] |
PDTS-TZNT | IT-4F | 11.31 | 11.00 ± 0.31 | [142] |
PDTSF-TZNT | ITIC | 12.16 | 11.81 ± 0.35 | [142] |
PDTSF-TZNT | IT-4F | 13.25 | 12.92 ± 0.33 | [142] |
PE93 | Y6 | 9.32 | 9.28 ± 0.09 | [143] |
PE93 | BTA75 | 10.11 | 10.05 ± 0.11 | [143] |
PE93 | BTA76 | 12.16 | 11.98 ± 0.18 | [143] |
BzT-Acceptor | Polymer Donor | PCEmax a (%) | PCEavg b (%) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
PS1 | PTzBI-of | 13.8 c | 13.8 c | [125] |
PS1 | PTzBI-of | 12.1 d | 12.1 d | [125] |
PYT | PBDB-T | 12.9 | 12.7 ± 0.2 | [144] |
PZT (PZT-C1) | PBDB-T | 14.5 | 14.2 ± 0.3 | [144] |
PZT-γ (PTz-C11) | PBDB-T | 15.8 | 15.6 ± 0.2 | [144] |
Graded index(GI)-PZT | PBDB-T | 25.1 | 25.1 | [150] |
PYV-Tz | PBDB-T | 13.02 | 12.78 ± 0.24 | [152] |
PYBzT | J52 | 11.22 | 10.67 ± 0.28 | [153] |
PYBzDT | J52 | 8.93 | 8.69 ± 0.26 | [153] |
PZT-C12 | PBDB-T | 13.1 | 12.8 ± 0.3 | [148] |
PZT-C8 | PBDB-T | 13.8 | 13.5 ± 0.3 | [148] |
PZT-C1 (PZT) | PBDB-T | 14.9 | 14.5 ± 0.4 | [148] |
PTz-BO | PBDB-T | 15.76 | 15.56 ± 0.19 | [149] |
PTz-C11 (PZT-γ) | PBDB-T | 15.59 | 15.36 ± 0.22 | [149] |
PTz-BO:PTz-C11 | PBDB-T | 16.58 | 16.34 ± 0.22 | [149] |
PY-FBTA | PM6 | 13.95 | 13.74 | [145] |
PTz-H | PBDB-T | 16.53 | 16.28 ± 0.19 | [151] |
PTz-Me | PBDB-T | 14.48 | 14.22 ± 0.22 | [151] |
PTz-Ph | PBDB-T | 12.82 | 12.56 ± 0.25 | [151] |
PTz-BO:PTz-H | PBDB-T | 18.16 | 17.86 ± 0.25 | [151] |
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Crociani, L. The Double-Cross of Benzotriazole-Based Polymers as Donors and Acceptors in Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. Molecules 2024, 29, 3625. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29153625
Crociani L. The Double-Cross of Benzotriazole-Based Polymers as Donors and Acceptors in Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. Molecules. 2024; 29(15):3625. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29153625
Chicago/Turabian StyleCrociani, Laura. 2024. "The Double-Cross of Benzotriazole-Based Polymers as Donors and Acceptors in Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells" Molecules 29, no. 15: 3625. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29153625