Cucurbitacin B and Its Derivatives: A Review of Progress in Biological Activities
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Pharmacological Activity
2.1. Antioxidant Activity
2.2. Anti-Inflammatory Activity
2.3. Neuroprotection
2.4. Cardiovascular Protection
2.5. Antitumor Activity
2.5.1. Breast Cancer
2.5.2. Glial Tumor
2.5.3. Neuroblastoma
2.5.4. Gastric Cancer
2.5.5. Osteosarcoma
2.5.6. Oral Squamous Cancer
2.5.7. Prostate Cancer
2.5.8. Pancreatic Cancer
2.5.9. Hepatocellular Carcinoma
2.5.10. Lung Cancer
2.5.11. Rectal Cancer
2.5.12. Bile Duct Cancer
2.5.13. Bladder Cancer
2.5.14. Lymphoma
3. Research Progress of Cucurbitacin B Derivatives
3.1. Modification and Pharmacological Activity of 2-Hydroxyl Group
3.2. Modification and Pharmacological Activity of 16-Hydroxyl Group
3.3. Modification and Pharmacological Activity of C-25 Acetyl Group
3.4. Co-Modification of 2-OH and 16-OH
3.5. Study on Modification and Pharmacological Activity of Other Sites
4. Studies on Cucurbitacin B Preparations
5. Research Progress on Cucurbitacin B in Agronomy
6. Conclusions and Prospects
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compounds | IC50 (μM) | |
---|---|---|
MCF-7 | Vero | |
Cu B | 12.0 ± 0.4 | 0.04 ± 0.02 |
1 | 18.1 ± 0.4 | 12.4 ± 0.5 |
2 | 15.4 ± 0.2 | 1.87 ± 0.24 |
3 | 16.6 ± 0.9 | 0.07 ± 0.02 |
TAM | 22.6 ± 0.3 | - |
Compounds | IC50 (μM) | SI | |
---|---|---|---|
HCT116 | L02 | ||
15 | 0.031 ± 0.003 | 0.080 ± 0.010 | 2.58 |
20 | 0.051 ± 0.003 | 0.080 ± 0.008 | 1.57 |
21 | 0.034 ± 0.005 | 0.100 ± 0.005 | 2.94 |
22 | 0.063 ± 0.074 | 0.031 ± 0.005 | 0.49 |
23 | 0.076 ± 0.039 | 0.031 ± 0.004 | 0.41 |
24 | 0.121 ± 0.009 | 0.040 ± 0.000 | 0.33 |
25 | 0.044 ± 0.006 | 0.033 ± 0.011 | 0.75 |
26 | 0.037 ± 0.014 | 0.034 ± 0.004 | 0.43 |
27 | 0.079 ± 0.014 | 0.034 ± 0.004 | 0.43 |
Cu B | 0.019 ± 0.022 | 0.011 ± 0.003 | 0.57 |
Cell Lines | IC50 (μM) | SI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cu B | 21 | Cu B | 21 | |
A549 | 0.088 ± 0.005 | 0.009 ± 0.002 | 0.13 | 11.11 |
HCT-116 | 0.019 ± 0.003 | 0.080 ± 0.010 | 0.58 | 1.25 |
MDA-MB-231 | 0.037 ± 0.002 | 0.049 ± 0.005 | 0.30 | 2.04 |
MCF-7 | 0.040 ± 0.002 | 0.056 ± 0.003 | 0.23 | 1.79 |
SK-OV-3 | 0.047 ± 0.004 | 0.054 ± 0.006 | 0.23 | 1.85 |
HeLa | 0.024 ± 0.004 | 0.015 ± 0.004 | 0.46 | 6.67 |
HepG-2 | 0.051 ± 0.003 | 0.080 ± 0.008 | 0.22 | 1.25 |
BXPC-3 | 0.022 ± 0.001 | 0.018 ± 0.003 | 0.50 | 5.56 |
PANC-1 | 0.067 ± 0.008 | 0.088 ± 0.012 | 0.16 | 1.14 |
CFPAC-1 | 0.023 ± 0.002 | 0.037 ± 0.005 | 0.49 | 2.70 |
L02 | 0.011 ± 0.030 | 0.011 ± 0.005 |
Compounds | IC50 (μM) | TI | |
---|---|---|---|
HepG2 | L02 | ||
Cu B | 0.060 ± 0.02 | 0.019 ± 0.003 | 0.32 |
31 | 1.01 ± 0.04 | 1.02 ± 0.58 | 1 |
32 | 0.54 ± 0.04 | 0.52 ± 0.08 | 0.96 |
33 | 2.45 ± 1.75 | 2.37 ± 0.09 | 0.97 |
34 | 4.89 ± 0.92 | 8.01 ± 0.47 | 1.64 |
35 | 9.28 ± 0.37 | 5.50 ± 2.48 | 0.59 |
36 | 0.93 ± 0.06 | 0.41 ± 0.11 | 0.44 |
37 | 0.22 ± 0.11 | 0.042 ± 0.001 | 0.19 |
38 | 9.62 ± 1.34 | 6.90 ± 1.37 | 0.72 |
39 | 7.42 ± 0.40 | 4.42 ± 0.97 | 0.60 |
40 | 4.67 ± 0.28 | 3.57 ± 2.58 | 0.76 |
41 | 2.99 ± 2.06 | 1.93 ± 0.32 | 0.65 |
42 | 3.71 ± 1.69 | 2.47 ± 0.47 | 0.67 |
43 | 0.92 ± 0.44 | 0.74 ± 0.15 | 0.8 |
44 | 4.05 ± 1.39 | 2.48 ± 0.52 | 0.61 |
45 | 3.31 ± 0.24 | 9.59 ± 2.38 | 2.90 |
46 | 2.34 ± 0.91 | 1.47 ± 0.36 | 0.63 |
47 | 3.85 ± 0.63 | 5.25 ± 1.63 | 1.36 |
Compounds | IC50 (μM) | TI | |
---|---|---|---|
HepG2 | L02 | ||
Cu B | 0.060 ± 0.02 | 0.019 ± 0.003 | 0.32 |
48 | 0.82 ± 0.33 | 2.04 ± 0.67 | 2.49 |
49 | 0.63 ± 0.29 | 2.97 ± 0.23 | 4.71 |
50 | 0.52 ± 0.09 | 2.10 ± 1.41 | 4.03 |
51 | 0.64 ± 0.26 | 2.62 ± 0.52 | 4.1 |
52 | 1.15 ± 0.24 | 3.21 ± 0.09 | 2.79 |
53 | 0.83 ± 0.38 | 3.25 ± 0.40 | 3.92 |
54 | 1.19 ± 0.55 | 4.29 ± 0.66 | 3.61 |
55 | 1.15 ± 0.24 | 1.17 ± 0.08 | 1.02 |
56 | 6.92 ± 0.75 | 3.27 ± 0.43 | 0.47 |
57 | 10.28 ± 1.11 | 6.69 ± 3.95 | 0.65 |
58 | - | - | - |
59 | 1.01 ± 0.40 | 2.72 ± 0.38 | 2.69 |
60 | 1.35 ± 0.10 | 2.94 ± 0.09 | 2.18 |
61 | 1.11 ± 0.22 | 3.31 ± 0.18 | 0.34 |
62 | 1.02 ± 0.28 | 3.00 ± 0.26 | 2.94 |
63 | 0.46 ± 0.14 | 0.69 ± 0.43 | 1.5 |
64 | 0.53 ± 0.01 | 0.80 ± 0.40 | 1.51 |
65 | 0.92 ± 0.16 | 2.61 ± 1.77 | 2.84 |
Compounds | IC50 (nM) |
---|---|
A549 | |
Cu B | 12.3 ± 2.3 |
67 | 61.0 ± 6.8 |
68 | 171.6 ± 37.3 |
69 | 34.5 ± 2.1 |
70 | 13.0 ± 1.3 |
71 | 44.4 ± 3.6 |
72 | 97.2 ± 21.6 |
73 | 30.6 ± 7.8 |
74 | 61.3 ± 11.4 |
75 | 23.3 ± 4.8 |
76 | 36.7 ± 9.8 |
77 | 13.2 ± 2.6 |
78 | 46.0 ± 8.4 |
79 | 35.3 ± 6.1 |
80 | 11.6 ± 1.9 |
81 | 10.7 ± 1.9 |
82 | 17.7 ± 2.1 |
83 | 8.5 ± 1.0 |
84 | 88.1 ± 19.5 |
85 | 81.4 ± 13.4 |
86 | 16.2 ± 2.7 |
87 | 6.8 ± 0.9 |
88 | 47.7 ± 10.3 |
89 | 160.1 ± 31.2 |
90 | 1460 ± 310 |
91 | 25.7 ± 6.7 |
92 | 14.4 ± 4.6 |
93 | 29.2 ± 6.4 |
94 | 49.7 ± 8.4 |
95 | 16.5 ± 4.6 |
Compounds | IC50 (μM) | Increase Toxicity (CC48/CC72) | |
---|---|---|---|
48 h | 72 h | ||
Cu B | 19.91 | 12.09 | 1.6 |
100 | 54.42 | 26.49 | 2.1 |
101 | - | - | - |
102 | - | - | - |
103 | - | - | - |
104 | 14.65 | 2.64 | 5.5 |
105 | - | - | - |
106 | 28.80 | 11.52 | 2.5 |
107 | 1.33 | 0.12 | 1.2 |
108 | 0.42 | 0.12 | 11.1 |
109 | - | - | - |
110 | 14.65 | 6.90 | 2.1 |
111 | - | - | - |
112 | - | - | - |
113 | - | - | - |
114 | - | - | - |
115 | - | - | - |
116 | - | - | - |
Doxorubicin | 3.69 | 1.18 | 3.1 |
Paclitaxel | 1.16 | 0.19 | 6.1 |
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Nie, W.; Wang, Y.; Tian, X.; Liu, J.; Jin, Z.; Xu, J.; He, M.; Shen, Q.; Guo, H.; Luan, T. Cucurbitacin B and Its Derivatives: A Review of Progress in Biological Activities. Molecules 2024, 29, 4193. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174193
Nie W, Wang Y, Tian X, Liu J, Jin Z, Xu J, He M, Shen Q, Guo H, Luan T. Cucurbitacin B and Its Derivatives: A Review of Progress in Biological Activities. Molecules. 2024; 29(17):4193. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174193
Chicago/Turabian StyleNie, Wenzhe, Yalan Wang, Xinlu Tian, Jinying Liu, Zhanhui Jin, Junjie Xu, Miaohai He, Qingkun Shen, Hongyan Guo, and Tian Luan. 2024. "Cucurbitacin B and Its Derivatives: A Review of Progress in Biological Activities" Molecules 29, no. 17: 4193. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174193