Enhanced Bio-Ethanol Production from Industrial Potato Waste by Statistical Medium Optimization
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effects of Medium Components on Ethanol Production
Variable | Lower Level | High Level | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Yeast Extract (g/L) | 0.5 | 5 | [22] |
Malt Extract (g/L) | 2 | 20 | [23] |
(NH4)2SO4 (g/L) | 2 | 6 | [8] |
MgSO4·7H2O (g/L) | 0.2 | 2 | [24] |
KH2PO4 (g/L) | 0.5 | 3 | [8] |
CaCO3 (g/L) | 0.2 | 2 | [25] |
FeSO4·7H2O (g/L) | 0.01 | 0.1 | [26] |
CaCl2·2H2O (g/L) | 0.3 | 3 | [26] |
Medium Number | Yeast Extract (g/L) | Malt Extract (g/L) | MgSO4·7H2O (g/L) | (NH4)2SO4 (g/L) | KH2PO4 (g/L) | CaCO3 (g/L) | FeSO4·7H2O (g/L) | CaCl2·2H2O (g/L) | Ethanol (g/L) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 5 | 20 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0.01 | 3 | 33.5 |
2 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.2 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 0.01 | 3 | 5.05 |
3 | 0.5 | 20 | 2 | 6 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 36.85 |
4 | 0.5 | 20 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.1 | 3 | 15.9 |
5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.01 | 0.3 | 31.45 |
6 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 3 | 36.8 |
7 | 0.5 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 3 | 8.36 |
8 | 5 | 20 | 0.2 | 6 | 3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 31.95 |
9 | 5 | 20 | 0.2 | 6 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 3 | 30.45 |
10 | 0.5 | 20 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.3 | 29.8 |
11 | 5 | 2 | 0.2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 31.2 |
12 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.3 | 14.15 |
Variables | Main Effect | β-Coefficients | f-Value | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yeast Extract (g/L) | 14.206 | 7.103 | 71.87 | 0.000 |
Malt Extract (g/L) | 8.573 | 4.286 | 26.17 | 0.000 |
(NH4)2SO4 (g/L) | −2.873 | −1.436 | 2.94 | 0.109 |
MgSO4·7H2O (g/L) | 8.009 | 4.004 | 22.84 | 0.000 |
KH2PO4 (g/L) | −4.289 | −2.144 | 6.55 | 0.023 |
CaCO3 (g/L) | 0.407 | 0.203 | 0.06 | 0.811 |
FeSO4·7H2O (g/L) | 2.776 | 1.388 | 2.74 | 0.120 |
CaCl2·2H2O (g/L) | −7.556 | −3.778 | 20.33 | 0.000 |
2.2. Optimization of the Selected Medium Components Using Response Surface Methodology
Run Order | Yeast Extract (g/L) | Malt Extract (g/L) | MgSO4·7H2O (g/L) | Ethanol (g/L) | Cell Population (log CFU/mL) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 25 | 25 | 10 | 22.95 | 7.14 |
2 | 12.5 | 50 | 0 | 26.01 | 7.15 |
3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 13.77 | 6.02 |
4 | 12.5 | 25 | 5 | 22.37 | 7.19 |
5 | 25 | 50 | 5 | 26.21 | 7.13 |
6 | 12.5 | 25 | 5 | 24.71 | 7.26 |
7 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 18.83 | 6.82 |
8 | 25 | 25 | 0 | 18.85 | 7.00 |
9 | 0 | 25 | 10 | 20.50 | 7.16 |
10 | 12.5 | 25 | 5 | 28.59 | 5.95 |
11 | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | 15.41 | 6.10 |
12 | 25 | 0 | 5 | 12.93 | 6.02 |
13 | 12.5 | 50 | 10 | 20.57 | 7.05 |
14 | 12.5 | 0 | 10 | 13.86 | 6.19 |
15 | 0 | 50 | 5 | 32.52 | 7.07 |
Media | Ingredient Name | Ingredient Concentration (g/L) | Ethanol (g/L) |
---|---|---|---|
Basal | Waste potato mash | 40.4 (dry weight) | 11.63 |
Basal Plackett-Burman validation media | Waste potato mash | 40.4 (dry weight) | 17.03 |
Yeast Extract | 5 | ||
Malt Extract | 20 | ||
MgSO4·7H2O | 2 | ||
Response Surface validation media | Waste potato mash | 40.4 (dry weight) | 24.6 |
Yeast Extract | 0 | ||
Malt Extract | 50 | ||
MgSO4·7H2O | 4.84 |
3. Discussion
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Microorganisms and Inoculum Preparation
4.2. Industrial Waste Potato Mash
4.3. Hydrolysis of Starch
4.4. Experimental Design
4.4.1. Plackett-Burman Design
4.4.2. Response Surface Methodology
4.5. Analysis
4.5.1. Ethanol and Glucose
4.5.2. Microbial Cell Population
4.5.3. Dry Weight Analysis
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Izmirlioglu, G.; Demirci, A. Enhanced Bio-Ethanol Production from Industrial Potato Waste by Statistical Medium Optimization. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 24490-24505. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161024490
Izmirlioglu G, Demirci A. Enhanced Bio-Ethanol Production from Industrial Potato Waste by Statistical Medium Optimization. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(10):24490-24505. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161024490
Chicago/Turabian StyleIzmirlioglu, Gulten, and Ali Demirci. 2015. "Enhanced Bio-Ethanol Production from Industrial Potato Waste by Statistical Medium Optimization" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 10: 24490-24505. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161024490