Revealing and Harnessing Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophage Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophages in Glioblastoma
2.1. M1 and M2 Polarization States: The Basic School of Thought
2.2. Impact of Ontogeny on Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophage Functionality
3. Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophages as Therapeutic Targets in Glioblastoma
3.1. Effect of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy on Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophages
3.2. Depletion of Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophages in Glioblastoma
3.3. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Reprogramming of Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophages in Glioblastoma
4. Dissecting Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophages Diversity at Single-Cell Resolution
4.1. Glioblastoma Subtyping and Single-Cell Analyses
4.2. Single-Cell Analyses of Microglia and Macrophages in Glioblastoma: Heterogeneity beyond Polarization States and Ontogeny?
5. Conclusions and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Myeloid Target | Drug Name | Additional Treatment | Study Phase | Tumour Type | Study Identifier |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CSF-1R inhibitor | Cabiralizumab | Nivolumab (anti-PD-1) | I | GBM | NCT02526017 |
CSF-1R inhibitor | BLZ945 | PDR001 (anti-PD-1) | I/II | GBM/rGBM | NCT02829723 |
CSF-1R inhibitor | Pexidartinib | RT + TMZ | I/II | GBM | NCT01790503 |
CXCR4 inhibitor | USL311 | Lomustine | II | rGBM | NCT02765165 |
PD-L1 inhibitor | Avelumab | MRI-guided LITT therapy | I | rGBM | NCT03341806 |
STAT3 inhibitor | WP1066 | - | I | rGBM | NCT01904123 |
GM-CSF | VBI-1901 | - | I/II | rGBM | NCT03382977 |
MIF inhibitor | Ibudilast | TMZ | I/II | GBM/rGBM | NCT03782415 |
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Pires-Afonso, Y.; Niclou, S.P.; Michelucci, A. Revealing and Harnessing Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophage Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 689. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030689
Pires-Afonso Y, Niclou SP, Michelucci A. Revealing and Harnessing Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophage Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(3):689. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030689
Chicago/Turabian StylePires-Afonso, Yolanda, Simone P. Niclou, and Alessandro Michelucci. 2020. "Revealing and Harnessing Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophage Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3: 689. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030689
APA StylePires-Afonso, Y., Niclou, S. P., & Michelucci, A. (2020). Revealing and Harnessing Tumour-Associated Microglia/Macrophage Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(3), 689. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030689