Molecular Physiology of Anaerobic Phototrophic Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria

Kushkevych, Ivan; Procházka, Jiří; Gajdács, Márió; Rittmann, Simon K.-M. R.; Vítězová, Monika

doi:10.3390/ijms22126398

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Molecular Physiology of Anaerobic Phototrophic Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria

by

Ivan Kushkevych

^1,*

,

Jiří Procházka

¹,

Márió Gajdács

^2,3

,

Simon K.-M. R. Rittmann

⁴

and

Monika Vítězová

^1,*

¹

Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic

²

Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary

³

Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary

⁴

Archaea Physiology & Biotechnology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Universität Wien, 1090 Wien, Austria

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(12), 6398; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126398

Submission received: 4 May 2021 / Revised: 24 May 2021 / Accepted: 11 June 2021 / Published: 15 June 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anaerobic Bacteria and Their Resistance Mechanisms)

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Abstract

There are two main types of bacterial photosynthesis: oxygenic (cyanobacteria) and anoxygenic (sulfur and non-sulfur phototrophs). Molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis in the phototrophic microorganisms can differ and depend on their location and pigments in the cells. This paper describes bacteria capable of molecular oxidizing hydrogen sulfide, specifically the families Chromatiaceae and Chlorobiaceae, also known as purple and green sulfur bacteria in the process of anoxygenic photosynthesis. Further, it analyzes certain important physiological processes, especially those which are characteristic for these bacterial families. Primarily, the molecular metabolism of sulfur, which oxidizes hydrogen sulfide to elementary molecular sulfur, as well as photosynthetic processes taking place inside of cells are presented. Particular attention is paid to the description of the molecular structure of the photosynthetic apparatus in these two families of phototrophs. Moreover, some of their molecular biotechnological perspectives are discussed.

Keywords: molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis; anoxygenic bacteria; hydrogen sulfide; detoxification; anaerobes; water environment

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kushkevych, I.; Procházka, J.; Gajdács, M.; Rittmann, S.K.-M.R.; Vítězová, M. Molecular Physiology of Anaerobic Phototrophic Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 6398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126398

AMA Style

Kushkevych I, Procházka J, Gajdács M, Rittmann SK-MR, Vítězová M. Molecular Physiology of Anaerobic Phototrophic Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(12):6398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126398

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kushkevych, Ivan, Jiří Procházka, Márió Gajdács, Simon K.-M. R. Rittmann, and Monika Vítězová. 2021. "Molecular Physiology of Anaerobic Phototrophic Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12: 6398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126398

APA Style

Kushkevych, I., Procházka, J., Gajdács, M., Rittmann, S. K.-M. R., & Vítězová, M. (2021). Molecular Physiology of Anaerobic Phototrophic Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(12), 6398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126398

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Molecular Physiology of Anaerobic Phototrophic Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria

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