Salivary Effector Sm9723 of Grain Aphid Sitobion miscanthi Suppresses Plant Defense and Is Essential for Aphid Survival on Wheat
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Sequence Analysis of Candidate Salivary Effector Sm9723
2.2. Expression Levels of Candidate Effector Sm9723 of S. miscanthi in Different Tissues and Various Aphid Feeding Time Points on Wheat
2.3. Overexpression of Sm9723 in Nicotiana benthamiana Suppresses Cell Death
2.4. Transient Overexpression of Sm9723 in N. benthamiana Suppresses PTI-Associated Callose Deposition and Plant Defense Responses
2.5. Silencing of Sm9723 by a Nanocarrier-Mediated dsRNA Delivery System
2.6. Effects of Sm9723 Silencing on Fecundity and Survival Rate of S. miscanthi
2.7. Effects of Sm9723 Silencing on S. miscanthi Feeding Behavior
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
5. Materials and Methods
5.1. Aphids and Plants
5.2. Sequence Analysis
5.3. Agrobacterium tumefaciens Infiltration Assays to Suppress BAX/INF1-Induced Programmed Cell Death
5.4. Detecting Callose Deposition in N. benthamiana Leaves
5.5. RNAi Application Using the Nanocarrier-Mediated Transdermal dsRNA Delivery System
5.6. Aphid Performance
5.7. Aphid Feeding Behavior Monitoring by Electronic Penetration Graph (EPG)
5.8. RT-qPCR
5.9. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zhang, Y.; Liu, X.; Fu, Y.; Crespo-Herrera, L.; Liu, H.; Wang, Q.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, J. Salivary Effector Sm9723 of Grain Aphid Sitobion miscanthi Suppresses Plant Defense and Is Essential for Aphid Survival on Wheat. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 6909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136909
Zhang Y, Liu X, Fu Y, Crespo-Herrera L, Liu H, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Chen J. Salivary Effector Sm9723 of Grain Aphid Sitobion miscanthi Suppresses Plant Defense and Is Essential for Aphid Survival on Wheat. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(13):6909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136909
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Yong, Xiaobei Liu, Yu Fu, Leonardo Crespo-Herrera, Huan Liu, Qian Wang, Yumeng Zhang, and Julian Chen. 2022. "Salivary Effector Sm9723 of Grain Aphid Sitobion miscanthi Suppresses Plant Defense and Is Essential for Aphid Survival on Wheat" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 13: 6909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136909