Evaluation of Nitrosative/Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Heart Failure with Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Blood Sample Collection and Biomarkers Assessment
4.2. Echocardiography
4.3. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | HFpEF (N = 27) | HFrEF (N = 22) | Control (N = 41) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Male gender, n (%) | 15 (56) | 16 (73) | 15 (37) | 0.0203 |
Age, years, median (IQR) | 72.00 (64.00–76.00) | 74.50 (61.00–79.00) | 70.00 (64.00–73.00) | ns |
BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 29.00 (26.37–32.65) | 28.39 (25.39–31.25) | 29.32 (26.81–32.47) | ns |
NYHA II, n (%) | 25 (93) | 12 (55) | - | 0.0021 |
NYHA III, n (%) | 2 (7) | 10 (45) | - | |
H2FPEF score, median (IQR) | 5 (4–6) | 4.5 (3–6) | 5 (3–6) | ns |
HFA-PEFF score, median (IQR) | 4 (4–6) 1 | 5 (4–6) 2 | 3 (2–4) | <0.0001 |
Medical History | ||||
Hypertension, n (%) | 23 (85) | 15 (68) | 33 (80) | ns |
Diabetes or prediabetes, n (%) | 4 (15) | 11 (50) | 8 (20) | 0.0094 |
Lipid disorders, n (%) | 4 (15) | 2 (9) | 13 (32) | ns |
Renal dysfunction, n (%) | 4 (15) | 7 (32) | 6 (15) | ns |
Anemia, n (%) | 4 (15) | 5 (23) | 6 (15) | ns |
Obesity, n (%) | 11 (41) | 9 (41) | 18 (44) | ns |
Thyroid disease, n (%) | 5 (19) | 5 (23) | 16 (39) | ns |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 1 (4) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | ns |
Currently smoking, n (%) | 2 (7) | 3 (14) | 1 (2) | ns |
CAD, n (%) | 16 (59) | 16 (73) | 9 (22) | 0.0001 |
History of MI, n (%) | 6 (22) | 10 (45) | 3 (7) | 0.0018 |
History of PCI, n (%) | 8 (30) | 9 (41) | 3 (7) | 0.0051 |
History of CABG, n (%) | 2 (7) | 3 (14) | 2 (5) | ns |
Cardiomyopathy | 0 (0) | 6 (28) | 2 (5) | 0.0058 |
History of AF, n (%) | 19 (70) | 13 (59) | 19 (46) | ns |
AF at the time of enrollment, n (%) | 4 (15) | 5 (23) | 1 (4) | 0.0380 |
Implanted ICD/pacemaker, n (%) | 2 (7) | 16 (73) | 4 (10) | <0.0001 |
Documented VF/VT, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (18) | 2 (5) | 0.0329 |
Selected Medications | ||||
Diuretics | 23 (85) | 15 (68) | 33 (80) | ns |
ACEI/ARB | 24 (89) | 18 (82) | 37 (90) | ns |
Beta-blocker | 24 (89) | 19 (86) | 34 (83) | ns |
SGLT2i | 5 (19) | 20 (91) | 11 (27) | <0.0001 |
Statin | 17 (63) | 17 (77) | 19 (46) | ns |
NOAC | 17 (63) | 13 (59) | 10 (24) | 0.0021 |
Characteristics | HFpEF (N = 27) | HFrEF (N = 22) | Control (N = 41) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
LVEF, %, median (IQR) | 55 (50–60) 1 | 37.5 (30–40) 2 | 55 (50–60) | <0.0001 |
E velocity, cm/s, mean (SE) | 76.15 (4.57) | 62.36 (4.43) | 69.45 (2.21) | ns |
A velocity, cm/s, mean (SE) | 70.62 (3.87) | 75.41 (4.15) | 75.90 (3.36) | ns |
s’ septal, cm/s, median (IQR) | 6.5 (6–8) | 5 (4–6.75) 2 | 8 (7–9) | <0.0001 |
e’ septal, cm/s, median (IQR) | 7 (5–8) | 4 (3.75–6.25) 2 | 7 (6–8) | 0.0023 |
s’ lateral, cm/s, median (IQR) | 7.5 (6–8.25) 3 | 5.5 (4–8) 2 | 8 (7–9) | 0.0067 |
e’ lateral, cm/s, median (IQR) | 9.5 (7–11) 1 | 6 (5–9.25) | 8 (6–11) | 0.0309 |
E/A, ratio, median (IQR) | 1.17 (0.76–1.59) | 0.74 (0.58–1.30) | 0.91 (0.80–1.17) | ns |
E/e’, ratio, median (IQR) | 9.54 (7.69–12.22) | 8.06 (6.67–18.00) | 8.88 (7.30–11.34) | ns |
IVS, cm median (IQR) | 1.20 (1.10–1.33) | 1.35 (1.12–1.5) 2 | 1.2 (1.05–1.30) | 0.0472 |
LVEDD, cm median (IQR) | 4.65 (4.25–5.03) 1 | 5.63 (4.98–6.05) 2 | 4.6 (4.25–5.00) | <0.0001 |
PW, cm median (IQR) | 1.1 (0.90–1.33) 1 | 1.3 (1.2–1.50) 2 | 1.1 (0.95–1.30) | 0.0015 |
LAVI, mL/m2, mean (SE) | 44.23 (3.14) | 53.60 (5.25) 2 | 35.53 (1.62) | 0.0003 |
LVMI, g/m2, median (IQR) | 103.10 (84.10–110.60) 1 | 192.35 (145.50–222.00) 2 | 97.50 (80.70–116.50) | <0.0001 |
RWT, median (IQR) | 0.50 (0.40–0.60) | 0.50 (0.40–0.50) | 0.50 (0.40–0.60) | ns |
IVCC, %, mean (SE) | 45 (3) | 41 (4) | 49 (4) | ns |
Moderate valve disease, n (%) | 3 (11) | 1 (5) | 3 (7) | ns |
Severe valve disease, n (%) | 3 (11) | 6 (27) | 0 (0) | 0.0026 |
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Momot, K.; Krauz, K.; Czarzasta, K.; Zarębiński, M.; Puchalska, L.; Wojciechowska, M. Evaluation of Nitrosative/Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Heart Failure with Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 15944. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115944
Momot K, Krauz K, Czarzasta K, Zarębiński M, Puchalska L, Wojciechowska M. Evaluation of Nitrosative/Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Heart Failure with Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(21):15944. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115944
Chicago/Turabian StyleMomot, Karol, Kamil Krauz, Katarzyna Czarzasta, Maciej Zarębiński, Liana Puchalska, and Małgorzata Wojciechowska. 2023. "Evaluation of Nitrosative/Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Heart Failure with Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 21: 15944. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115944