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Review

The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Epigenetic Dysregulation in Glioblastoma Development

by
Ekaterina Isachesku
1,†,
Cornelia Braicu
1,†,
Radu Pirlog
1,
Anja Kocijancic
2,
Constantin Busuioc
3,4,
Lavinia-Lorena Pruteanu
1,5,
Deo Prakash Pandey
2 and
Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
1,*
1
Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
3
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Disease, 021105 Bucharest, Romania
4
Department of Pathology, Onco Team Diagnostic, 010719 Bucharest, Romania
5
Department of Chemistry and Biology, North University Center, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(22), 16320; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216320
Submission received: 18 September 2023 / Revised: 4 November 2023 / Accepted: 9 November 2023 / Published: 14 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of MicroRNA in Tumor Development and Treatment)
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Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary brain tumor arising from glial cells. The tumor is highly aggressive, the reason for which it has become the deadliest brain tumor type with the poorest prognosis. Like other cancers, it compromises molecular alteration on genetic and epigenetic levels. Epigenetics refers to changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype without the occurrence of any genetic mutations or DNA sequence alterations in the driver tumor-related genes. These epigenetic changes are reversible, making them convenient targets in cancer therapy. Therefore, we aim to review critical epigenetic dysregulation processes in glioblastoma. We will highlight the significant affected tumor-related pathways and their outcomes, such as regulation of cell cycle progression, cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell invasiveness, immune evasion, or acquirement of drug resistance. Examples of molecular changes induced by epigenetic modifications, such as DNA epigenetic alterations, histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation, are highlighted. As understanding the role of epigenetic regulators and underlying molecular mechanisms in the overall pro-tumorigenic landscape of glioblastoma is essential, this literature study will provide valuable insights for establishing the prognostic or diagnostic value of various non-coding transcripts, including miRNAs.
Keywords: glioblastoma; epigenetics; miRNAs; ncRNAs glioblastoma; epigenetics; miRNAs; ncRNAs

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Isachesku, E.; Braicu, C.; Pirlog, R.; Kocijancic, A.; Busuioc, C.; Pruteanu, L.-L.; Pandey, D.P.; Berindan-Neagoe, I. The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Epigenetic Dysregulation in Glioblastoma Development. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 16320. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216320

AMA Style

Isachesku E, Braicu C, Pirlog R, Kocijancic A, Busuioc C, Pruteanu L-L, Pandey DP, Berindan-Neagoe I. The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Epigenetic Dysregulation in Glioblastoma Development. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(22):16320. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216320

Chicago/Turabian Style

Isachesku, Ekaterina, Cornelia Braicu, Radu Pirlog, Anja Kocijancic, Constantin Busuioc, Lavinia-Lorena Pruteanu, Deo Prakash Pandey, and Ioana Berindan-Neagoe. 2023. "The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Epigenetic Dysregulation in Glioblastoma Development" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 22: 16320. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216320

APA Style

Isachesku, E., Braicu, C., Pirlog, R., Kocijancic, A., Busuioc, C., Pruteanu, L.-L., Pandey, D. P., & Berindan-Neagoe, I. (2023). The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Epigenetic Dysregulation in Glioblastoma Development. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(22), 16320. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216320

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