The Evolution of the WUSCHEL-Related Homeobox Gene Family in Dendrobium Species and Its Role in Sex Organ Development in D. chrysotoxum
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Identification and Physicochemical Properties of the WOX Gene Family
2.2. Chromosomal Localization of WOXs
2.3. Phylogenetic Analysis of WOXs
2.4. Gene Structure and Conserved Motifs of WOXs
2.5. Synteny Analysis and Ka/Ks Value of WOX Gene Family
2.6. Cis-Acting Elements Analysis of WOXs
2.7. Expression Pattern Analysis of WOX Gene Family in D. chrysotoxum
2.8. RT-qPCR Analysis of WOX Genes in D. chrysotoxum
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Data Sources
4.2. Identification and Physicochemical Properties of WOXs
4.3. Chromosomal Localization
4.4. Phylogenetic Analysis of WOX Gene Family
4.5. Protein Conservative Domain and Gene Structure Analysis
4.6. Synteny Analysis of WOX Gene Family
4.7. Cis-Acting Regulatory Element Analysis
4.8. Expression Pattern and RT-qPCR Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene Nane | Number of Amino Acids (aa) | Molecular Weight (kDa) | Theoretical PI | Instability Index | Aliphatic Index | Grand Average of Hydropathicity | Subcellular Localization |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DchWOX6 | 259 | 29.82 | 5.34 | 66.87 | 58.76 | −0.887 | Nucleus |
DchWOX8 | 285 | 31.33 | 7.68 | 65.78 | 70.07 | −0.395 | Nucleus |
DchWOX4 | 328 | 35.07 | 8.37 | 70.06 | 79.73 | −0.065 | Nucleus |
DchWOX3 | 195 | 22.15 | 9.11 | 68.49 | 53.03 | −0.772 | Nucleus |
DchWOX7 | 230 | 25.85 | 6.32 | 77.88 | 61.09 | −0.693 | Nucleus |
DchWOX2 | 195 | 22.14 | 9.11 | 69.91 | 53.03 | −0.772 | Nucleus |
DchWOX10 | 236 | 27.19 | 6.27 | 67.38 | 64.87 | −0.834 | Nucleus |
DchWOX5 | 302 | 33.16 | 6.24 | 55.35 | 91.06 | −0.098 | Nucleus |
DchWOX9 | 246 | 28.41 | 9.47 | 74.03 | 77.72 | −0.706 | Nucleus |
DchWOX1 | 110 | 12.84 | 9.69 | 69.36 | 69.36 | −1.195 | Nucleus |
DhuWOX4 | 184 | 21.06 | 9.08 | 60.70 | 73.10 | −0.684 | Nucleus |
DhuWOX7 | 273 | 29.67 | 9.48 | 70.79 | 71.14 | −0.472 | Nucleus |
DhuWOX1 | 227 | 26.35 | 6.20 | 66.47 | 71.28 | −0.717 | Nucleus |
DhuWOX3 | 229 | 25.90 | 7.00 | 75.10 | 60.09 | −0.691 | Nucleus |
DhuWOX6 | 300 | 32.64 | 6.31 | 63.71 | 88.43 | −0.170 | Nucleus |
DhuWOX8 | 259 | 29.91 | 5.26 | 65.97 | 60.27 | −0.878 | Nucleus |
DhuWOX5 | 185 | 19.89 | 8.98 | 79.63 | 54.38 | −0.556 | Nucleus |
DhuWOX9 | 196 | 22.14 | 9.11 | 65.29 | 53.78 | −0.758 | Nucleus |
DhuWOX2 | 316 | 34.27 | 7.66 | 62.10 | 75.66 | −0.110 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX11 | 227 | 26.31 | 6.20 | 66.47 | 68.72 | −0.750 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX7 | 230 | 26.04 | 6.60 | 74.71 | 59.39 | −0.694 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX4 | 325 | 35.30 | 7.79 | 61.37 | 76.86 | −0.364 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX6 | 216 | 24.38 | 9.91 | 69.27 | 71.34 | −0.748 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX2 | 196 | 22.16 | 9.11 | 69.22 | 53.78 | −0.760 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX8 | 307 | 33.27 | 6.30 | 69.20 | 75.28 | −0.173 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX10 | 184 | 21.15 | 9.39 | 61.85 | 74.67 | −0.664 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX5 | 259 | 29.92 | 5.26 | 66.63 | 60.27 | −0.876 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX1 | 236 | 26.49 | 5.75 | 55.23 | 55.08 | −0.838 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX3 | 258 | 27.53 | 5.78 | 66.90 | 69.26 | −0.258 | Nucleus |
DnoWOX9 | 212 | 24.24 | 6.79 | 78.91 | 48.77 | −0.922 | Nucleus |
Gene 1 | Gene 2 | Ka | Ks | Ka/Ks |
---|---|---|---|---|
DchWOX4 | DchWOX8 | 0.332789 | 1.919410 | 0.173381 |
DhuWOX5 | DhuWOX2 | 0.305003 | 2.326057 | 0.131124 |
DnoWOX2 | DnoWOX9 | 0.226893 | 1.109762 | 0.204452 |
DnoWOX3 | DnoWOX8 | 0.267376 | 1.697561 | 0.157506 |
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Luo, X.; Zheng, Q.; He, X.; Zhao, X.; Zhang, M.; Huang, Y.; Cai, B.; Liu, Z. The Evolution of the WUSCHEL-Related Homeobox Gene Family in Dendrobium Species and Its Role in Sex Organ Development in D. chrysotoxum. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 5352. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105352
Luo X, Zheng Q, He X, Zhao X, Zhang M, Huang Y, Cai B, Liu Z. The Evolution of the WUSCHEL-Related Homeobox Gene Family in Dendrobium Species and Its Role in Sex Organ Development in D. chrysotoxum. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(10):5352. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105352
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuo, Xiaoting, Qinyao Zheng, Xin He, Xuewei Zhao, Mengmeng Zhang, Ye Huang, Bangping Cai, and Zhongjian Liu. 2024. "The Evolution of the WUSCHEL-Related Homeobox Gene Family in Dendrobium Species and Its Role in Sex Organ Development in D. chrysotoxum" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 10: 5352. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105352