Myogenic microRNAs as Therapeutic Targets for Skeletal Muscle Mass Wasting in Breast Cancer Models
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Pathways Involved in the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Mass under Homeostasis
3. Skeletal Muscle Mass Loss in Breast Cancer Patients
4. Role of miRNAs in Maintaining Skeletal Muscle Mass Homeostasis
5. Search on Skeletal Muscle Atrophy miRNAs in Breast Cancer
6. miRNAs as Potential Therapeutic Targets of Resistance Exercise Training in a Breast Cancer
7. Discussion and Future Directions
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | Country | Aim | Population | miRNA | Function |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wang R (2022) [76]. | United States | To investigate whether the overexpression of miR-486 can overcome skeletal muscle defects in a breast cancer model. | Neu/miR-186+ female transgenic mice representing HER2 breast cancer subtype and miR-186 overexpression. | miRNA-486 | It plays an integral role in the myogenesis signalling network involving Pax7, MyoD, myostatin, and NF-κB. It blocks PTEN which upregulates PI3K/Akt. |
Chen D (2014) [77]. | United States | To identify miRNAs that are present at a lower level in circulation in breast cancer models and their role in skeletal muscle. | Female MMTV-PyMT and MMTV-HER2 transgenic mice representing two subtypes of breast cancer. | miRNA-486 | It downregulates PTEN and FOXO1, which consequently activates the PI3K/Akt pathway in cardiac and skeletal muscle. |
Yan W (2022) [78]. | United States | To determine whether miR-122 secreted by cancer cells suppresses O-GlcNAcylation (OGT) to promote skeletal muscle proteolysis. | Female mice (different types of breast cancer models MDA-MB-231). | miRNA-122 | It regulates OGT, which controls OGT of the RYR1 receptor, releasing cytosolic Ca+2 in skeletal muscle, which is why it is involved in muscle homeostasis. |
Gomes JLP (2021) [79]. | Brazil | To investigate the profile of miRNAs that regulate muscle mass in cachectic CT26 mice and non-cachectic MMTV-PyMT mice. | Cachectic female mice with colon cancer (CT26) and non-cachectic female mice with breast cancer (MMTV-PyMT). | miRNA-486 | It regulates PTEN mRNA, a key protein that controls the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. |
miRNA-206 | Skeletal muscle-specific miRNA directly and inversely regulates the expression of the IGF1 gene. | ||||
Wu Q (2019) [80]. | China | To identify breast cell-specific miRNAs involved in cancer cachexia. | Human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, C2C12, and HEK 293T. | miRNA-155 | It modulates PPARγ, whose main function is to regulate the transcription of genes related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and inflammation. |
Author | Sample | Method Used to Identify miRNAs | miRNAs Differentially Expressed in Muscle Atrophy | The Role of Dysregulated miRNAs in Muscle Atrophy |
---|---|---|---|---|
Wang R (2022) [76]. | Plasma and tibialis anterior muscle tissue—gastrocnemius of the hind legs of mouse model. | RT-qPCR | ↓ miR-486 | ↓ Levels of p-AKT, p53, and p-LAMA2. ↓ Muscle strength and performance. ↑ Inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-4, TNF-a, and CCL4). |
Chen D (2014) [77]. | Serum and C2C12 cells from mouse myoblasts. | RT-qPCR Microarray | ↓ miR-486 | ↓ PI3K/AKT pathway signal. ↑ Expression of PTEN and FOXO1 genes. |
Yan W (2022) [78]. | Breast cancer cells and mouse EDL muscle tissue. | RT-qPCR | ↑ miR-122 | ↑ Muscle fibre degradation. It suppresses the OGT protein and increases RYR1, which favours the cytosolic transport of Ca+2 and induces myofibrillar destruction mediated by the UPS system in skeletal muscle. |
Gomes JLP (2021) [79]. | Mouse tibialis anterior muscle tissue and serum. | RT-qPCR | Cachectic model ↓ miR-486 ↓ miR-206 | ↓ PI3K and mTOR protein levels. |
Non-cachectic model ↓ miR-486 ↑ miR-206 | ↓ PI3K, p-AKT, and mTOR protein levels. ↑ miR-206 is associated with ↓ skeletal muscle mass (IGF1 reverse regulation). | |||
Wu Q (2019) [80]. | Human breast cancer cells. | RT-qPCR Microarray | ↑ miR-155 | ↓ PPARγ expression alters the energy metabolism of adipocytes and muscle cells. ↑ Adipocyte lipolysis and skeletal muscle cell apoptosis. |
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Artigas-Arias, M.; Curi, R.; Marzuca-Nassr, G.N. Myogenic microRNAs as Therapeutic Targets for Skeletal Muscle Mass Wasting in Breast Cancer Models. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 6714. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126714
Artigas-Arias M, Curi R, Marzuca-Nassr GN. Myogenic microRNAs as Therapeutic Targets for Skeletal Muscle Mass Wasting in Breast Cancer Models. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(12):6714. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126714
Chicago/Turabian StyleArtigas-Arias, Macarena, Rui Curi, and Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr. 2024. "Myogenic microRNAs as Therapeutic Targets for Skeletal Muscle Mass Wasting in Breast Cancer Models" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 12: 6714. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126714