Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Potential Role as Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Non-Coding RNAs: A Brief Description
3. LncRNAs and IBD
3.1. Murine Models
3.2. Targeted Studies in Human IBD
3.3. Untargeted Studies in Human IBD
3.4. LncRNAs and Response to Treatment in IBD Patients
3.5. LncRNAs as Therapeutic Targets in Human IBD
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qiao et al. [57] | 2013 | DQ786243 | Active CD = 11 Quiescent CD = 8 HC = 9 | PBMCs. RT-qPCR. | DQ786243 could be related to severe CD. |
Chen et al. [77] | 2016 | 1988 dysregulated lncRNAs,10 were selected according to results from Mirza et al. [53] | CD = 12 HC = 12 | Plasma. Microarrays, RT-qPCR. | LncRNAs as non-invasive method for CD diagnosis. |
Haberman et al. [67] | 2018 | 459 differentially expressed lncRNAs | Active CD = 139 HC = 39 | Ileum biopsies. RNAseq., RNA in situ hybridization RT-qPCR. | LncRNAs are potential targets for CD activity. |
Ge et al. [54] | 2019 | ANRIL | Active CD = 42 Quiescent CD = 59 HC = 67 | Intestinal mucosa. qPCR. | ANRIL is associated with CD and disease activity. ANRIL increases after infliximab treatment. |
Li and Shi [66] | 2020 | The top 8 down- and upregulated lncRNAs | Active CD = 60 HC = 60 | Ileum biopsies. Microarrays, RT-qPCR. | lncRNAs could be targets for CD activity. |
Braga-Neto et al. [68] | 2020 | XLOC_000261 | Active CD = 22 HC = 13 | Terminal ileal biopsies. RNAseq. | Novel lincRNA for CD studies. |
Author | Publication Year | lncRNA | Sample Size of the Study | Biological Samples and Methods | Conclusions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chen et al. [77] | 2016 | H19 | UC = 12 | UC inflamed tissues and paired normal tissues. RT-qPCR. | H19 overexpression exerts a destructive effect on the intestinal barrier. H19 decreases expression of vitamin D receptor in UC. |
Zhu et al. [55] | 2020 | MALAT1, ANRIL | UC = 76 HC = 76 | Plasma and tissue biopsies. RT-qPCR. | MALAT1 is upregulated in UC and promotes apoptosis of colonic endothelial cells by upregulating ANRIL. |
Author | Publication Year | lncRNA | Sample Size of the Study | Biological Samples and Methods | Conclusions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mirza et al. [53] | 2015 | DPP10-AS1, ANRIL, DIO3OS | CD = 13 UC = 20 HC = 12 | Tissue biopsies. Microarrays. | LncRNA expression profiling allows stratification of CD and UC patients. |
Wu et al. [75] | 2016 | BC012900 | Active UC = 16 Quiescent UC = 15 Active CD = 5 IBS = 5 HC = 5 | Colon biopsies. Microarrays, RT-qPCR. | BC012900 is highly expressed in active UC and modulates intestinal epithelial cell susceptibility to apoptosis. |
Wang et al. [60] | 2018 | DIO3OS, LINC01272, KIF9-AS1 | CD = 84 UC = 84 HC = 84 | Tissue biopsies and plasma. RT-qPCR. | LINC01272 and KIF9-AS1 are upregulated and DIO3OS is downregulated in IBD patients. |
Lucafò et al. [69] | 2018 | GAS5 | CD = 16 UC = 3 | PBMCs. RT-qPCR. | GAS5 could be a novel pharmacogenomic marker for glucocorticoid therapy. |
Lucafò et al. [61] | 2019 | GAS5 | CD = 13 UC = 12 | Paired inflamed and non-inflamed tissue biopsies in each patient. RT-qPCR. | GAS5 expression is lower in areas of inflamed tissue compared to adjacent non-inflamed areas. |
Elamir et al. [58] | 2022 | THRIL | CD = 70 UC = 70 HC = 70 | Serum. qRT-PCR. | THRIL is implicated in inflammatory responses, and it is upregulated in IBD. |
Sosnovski et al. [59] | 2023 | GATA6-AS1 | 673 samples from PROTECT, SEEM and SOURCE studies | Tissue. qRT-PCR. | GATA6-AS1 reduction is associated with the worsening of IBD. |
Bajestan et al. [56] | 2023 | MALAT1 | CD = 13 UC = 20 HC = 20 | Intestinal tissue. qRT-PCR. | MALAT1 gene could be a target in IBD diagnosis and treatment. MALAT1 may be associated with proinflammatory cytokines. |
Curci et al. [63] | 2023 | GAS5-AS1 | 26 IBD | Colonic biopsies. qRT-PCR. | Intestinal inflammation promotes GAS5-AS1 downregulation. This lncRNA is important for the immune system. |
Shaker et al. 2023 [72] | 2023 | H19 | CD = 32 UC = 35 HC = 30 | Serum. qRT-PCR. | H19 is overexpressed in IBD and is a good candidate for IBD diagnosis and treatment. |
Kazemifard et al. [64] | 2023 | CRNDE | 42 IBD 47 HC | Tissue and blood sample collection. RNAseq. | CRNDE is associated with inflammation pathways, and it could be a marker of inflammation in IBD. |
Heydari et al. [74] | 2024 | H19 | 22 active IBD 14 remission IBD 10 RA 14 IBS | Tissue and plasma. qRT-PCR. | H19 distinguishes among all groups of patients, and it is a good candidate for diagnosis of active IBD. |
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Ortega Moreno, L.; Chaparro, M.; Gisbert, J.P. Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Potential Role as Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8808. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168808
Ortega Moreno L, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP. Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Potential Role as Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):8808. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168808
Chicago/Turabian StyleOrtega Moreno, Lorena, María Chaparro, and Javier P. Gisbert. 2024. "Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Potential Role as Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 8808. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168808