Disclosing the Novel Protective Mechanisms of Ocrelizumab in Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of PKC Beta and Its Down-Stream Targets
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of MS Patients and HC
2.2. Effect of Ocrelizumab Treatment on the PKCβII/HIF-1α/VEGF Inflammatory Cascade in PBMCs
2.3. Effect of Ocrelizumab Treatment on the HuR, MnSOD, and HSP70 Antioxidant Pathways in PBMCs
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Subjects
Clinical Data
4.2. PBMCs Isolation from Whole Blood
4.3. Western Blotting
4.4. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MS Patients | Healthy Controls | |
---|---|---|
N = 17 | N = 17 | |
Age (years) | 42.17 ± 8.44 | 42.00 ± 9.26 |
Sex (F/M ratio) | 1.80 | 1.80 |
MS duration (years) | 10.05 ± 9.26 | |
EDSS (N = 17) | 2.79 ±1.70 | |
EDSS < 4 | N 12 (70.6%) | |
EDSS > 4 | N 5 (29.4%) | |
MSSS (N = 17) | 4.24 ± 3.07 | |
Mild MS (MSSS < 3, N = 7) | 1.12 ± 0.61 | |
Moderate/severe MS (MSSS ≥ 3, N = 10) | 6.42 ± 1.90 |
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Campagnoli, L.I.M.; Ahmad, L.; Marchesi, N.; Greco, G.; Boschi, F.; Masi, F.; Mallucci, G.; Bergamaschi, R.; Colombo, E.; Pascale, A. Disclosing the Novel Protective Mechanisms of Ocrelizumab in Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of PKC Beta and Its Down-Stream Targets. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168923
Campagnoli LIM, Ahmad L, Marchesi N, Greco G, Boschi F, Masi F, Mallucci G, Bergamaschi R, Colombo E, Pascale A. Disclosing the Novel Protective Mechanisms of Ocrelizumab in Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of PKC Beta and Its Down-Stream Targets. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):8923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168923
Chicago/Turabian StyleCampagnoli, Lucrezia Irene Maria, Lara Ahmad, Nicoletta Marchesi, Giacomo Greco, Federica Boschi, Francesco Masi, Giulia Mallucci, Roberto Bergamaschi, Elena Colombo, and Alessia Pascale. 2024. "Disclosing the Novel Protective Mechanisms of Ocrelizumab in Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of PKC Beta and Its Down-Stream Targets" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 8923. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168923