High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Paired Clinical Liver Tissue Samples from Hepatocellular Cancer and Surrounding Region
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Metabolites Are Heterogeneous in HCC Tumour and Surrounding Tissue
2.2. Differences in Lipids Based on Aetiology
2.3. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
2.4. Formate
2.5. Ethanol
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. NMR Spectral Processing and NMR Data Analyses
4.2. Histology
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Sample Details | Clinical Details | Tumour Characteristics | Background Liver Tissue to Tumour | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ID | Aetiology from Histology | Age yr | BMI | Ethnicity | Sex M/F | BCLC Stage | Alcohol Units per wk | T2DM | Other Medication | Primary Tumour Size cm | Tumour Multiplicity | Vascular Invasion | Tumour Steatosis % | Tumour Differentiation | Background Liver Tissue Fibrosis | Background Liver Tissue Steatosis % |
039 | Alcohol | 70 | 29.3 | Caucasian | M | A | None | No | N/A | 2.7 | Single | Y | 0 | Moderate | 6 (cirrhosis) | 70 |
141 | SLD + alcohol | 82 | UA | Caucasian | M | N/A | N/A | No | N/A | 8.0 | N/A | Y | 0 | Moderate | 1 | 20 |
116 | SLD | 78 | 37.7 | Caucasian | F | A | None | Yes | N/A | 5.5 | Single | y | <5 | Moderate | 1 | 20 |
134 | SLD | 69 | 35.6 | Caucasian | M | A | 9 | Yes | Atrovastatin, Bendroflumethiazide, Glicazide, Omeprazole, Perindopril, Tamsulosin, Sodium alginate, TDS | 3.6 | Single | N | Mostly necrotic | Mostly necrotic | 6 (cirrhosis) | 20 |
168 | Not discernible (SLD clinically) | 70 | 22.8 | Caucasian | M | A | 6 | Yes | Metformin, Empagliflozin, Tamsulosin, Atoravstatin | 15.5 | Single | Y | 0 | Poor | 1 | <5 |
117 | Not discernible (subsequent SLD a) | 88 | 32.7 | Caucasian | M | N/A | 4 | No | Ramipril, Apixaban, Simvastatin, Amlopidine, Furosemide, Bisoprolol, Tamsulosin | 8.0 | Single | N | 40 | Moderate | 1 | 0 |
107 | Not discernible | 66 | 16.7 | Caucasian | F | N/A | None | No | N/A | 2.0 | Single | N/A | <5 | Poor | 1 | 0 |
235 | Not discernible | 77 | 25.8 | Caucasian | F | B | Social only | Yes | N/A | 1.3 | Multiple | N | 0 | Moderate | 1 | 0 |
268 | Not discernible | 53 | 20.0 | Caucasian | F | N/A | N/A | No | N/A | 4.9 | Multiple | Y | <5 | Moderate | 1 | <5 |
099 | Treated HCV | 61 | 20.8 | Caucasian | F | B | 10 | No | Amitriptyline, Simvastatin, Zopiclone, Sertraline, Salbutamol inhaler, Co-codamol, Spiriva inhaler | 5.4 | Multiple | Y | 0 | Moderate | 3 | 0 |
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Fernandes, W.M.; Harris, N.; Zamalloa, A.; Adofina, L.; Srinivasan, P.; Menon, K.; Heaton, N.; Miquel, R.; Zen, Y.; Kelly, G.; et al. High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Paired Clinical Liver Tissue Samples from Hepatocellular Cancer and Surrounding Region. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8924. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168924
Fernandes WM, Harris N, Zamalloa A, Adofina L, Srinivasan P, Menon K, Heaton N, Miquel R, Zen Y, Kelly G, et al. High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Paired Clinical Liver Tissue Samples from Hepatocellular Cancer and Surrounding Region. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):8924. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168924
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernandes, Wendy M., Nicola Harris, Ane Zamalloa, Lissette Adofina, Parthi Srinivasan, Krishna Menon, Nigel Heaton, Rosa Miquel, Yoh Zen, Geoff Kelly, and et al. 2024. "High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Paired Clinical Liver Tissue Samples from Hepatocellular Cancer and Surrounding Region" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 8924. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168924