Decoding LncRNA in COPD: Unveiling Prognostic and Diagnostic Power and Their Driving Role in Lung Cancer Progression
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Chronological Progression of COPD
2.1. Disease Progression in COPD
2.2. The Major Causative Factors of COPD
2.3. Diagnosis and Monitoring of COPD
3. Exploring LncRNA Profiles and Clinical Significance in COPD
3.1. Identification and Profiling of COPD-Associated LncRNAs
3.2. Master Regulators of Gene Expression in Lung Cancer Progression
3.3. Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Expression Profiles of LncRNA in COPD
3.4. Correlation Between LncRNA Expression and COPD Severity
3.5. Prognostic and Diagnostic Value of LncRNA in Predicting COPD Outcomes
4. Regulatory Functions of LncRNAs in COPD
4.1. LncRNA-Mediated Immune Response in COPD
4.2. Complexities of LncRNA-Mediated Inflammation in COPD
4.3. Modulation of Cellular Processes by LncRNA in COPD
5. Modulatory Mechanisms of COPD-Associated LncRNA in Lung Cancer Progression
5.1. Interaction Between COPD-Associated LncRNA and Lung Cancer Pathways
5.1.1. Shared Molecular Pathways
5.1.2. Regulatory Roles of COPD-Associated LncRNA in Lung Cancer
5.2. Dysregulated Expression of COPD-Associated LncRNAs in Lung Cancer
6. LncRNA in Body Fluids for COPD Diagnosis and Therapy
6.1. Detection of LncRNA Biomarkers in Blood Samples
6.2. Urinary LncRNA as a Diagnostic Tool for COPD
6.3. Pharmacological Actions of LncRNA Molecules as Potential Therapeutics for COPD
6.4. Potential Therapeutic Applications of LncRNA in COPD
7. Conclusions and Future Directions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sweef, O.; Mahfouz, R.; Taşcıoğlu, T.; Albowaidey, A.; Abdelmonem, M.; Asfar, M.; Zaabout, E.; Corcino, Y.L.; Thomas, V.; Choi, E.-S.; et al. Decoding LncRNA in COPD: Unveiling Prognostic and Diagnostic Power and Their Driving Role in Lung Cancer Progression. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25169001
Sweef O, Mahfouz R, Taşcıoğlu T, Albowaidey A, Abdelmonem M, Asfar M, Zaabout E, Corcino YL, Thomas V, Choi E-S, et al. Decoding LncRNA in COPD: Unveiling Prognostic and Diagnostic Power and Their Driving Role in Lung Cancer Progression. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):9001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25169001
Chicago/Turabian StyleSweef, Osama, Reda Mahfouz, Tülin Taşcıoğlu, Ali Albowaidey, Mohamed Abdelmonem, Malek Asfar, Elsayed Zaabout, Yalitza Lopez Corcino, Venetia Thomas, Eun-Seok Choi, and et al. 2024. "Decoding LncRNA in COPD: Unveiling Prognostic and Diagnostic Power and Their Driving Role in Lung Cancer Progression" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 9001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25169001