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Open AccessArticle
CuO Nanoparticles Reduce Toxicity and Enhance Bioaccumulation of Cadmium and Lead in the Cells of the Microalgae Desmodesmus communis
by
Svetlana P. Chebotaryova
Svetlana P. Chebotaryova 1,
Peter A. Baranchikov
Peter A. Baranchikov 1
,
Olga V. Zakharova
Olga V. Zakharova 1,2
,
Tatiana A. Kozlova
Tatiana A. Kozlova 1,3,
Yevhen I. Maltsev
Yevhen I. Maltsev 4
,
Maxim S. Kulikovskiy
Maxim S. Kulikovskiy 4,
Gregory V. Grigoriev
Gregory V. Grigoriev 1 and
Alexander A. Gusev
Alexander A. Gusev 1,2,*
1
Scientific and Educational Center for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 392020 Tambov, Russia
2
Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119991 Moscow, Russia
3
Laboratory of Ecology, Institute of Natural and Technical Systems RAS, 354024 Sochi, Russia
4
К.А. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, 127276 Moscow, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9167; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179167 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 26 July 2024
/
Revised: 14 August 2024
/
Accepted: 20 August 2024
/
Published: 23 August 2024
Abstract
The removal of pollutants, including heavy metals, from the aquatic environment is an urgent problem worldwide. Actively developing nanotechnology areas is becoming increasingly important for solving problems in the field of the remediation of aquatic ecosystems. In particular, methods for removing pollutants using nanoparticles (NPs) are proposed, which raises the question of the effect of a combination of NPs and heavy metals on living organisms. In this work, we investigated the role of CuO-NPs in changing the toxicity of Cd and Pb salts, as well as the bioaccumulation of these elements in a culture of the microalga Desmodesmus communis. It was found that CuO-NPs at concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 µg L−1 had no effect on the viability of microalgae cells. On the 14th day of the experiment, Cd at a concentration of 1 mg L−1 reduced the viability index by 30% and, when combined with CuO-NPs, by 25%, i.e., CuO-NPs slightly reduced the toxic effect of Cd. At the same time, in this experiment, when CuO-NPs and Cd were used together, the level of oxidative stress increased, including on the first day in mixtures with 1 mg L−1 Cd. Under the influence of Pb, the cell viability index decreased by 70% by the end of the experiment, regardless of the metal concentration. The presence of CuO-NPs slightly reduced the toxicity of Pb in terms of viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS). At the same time, unlike Cd, Pb without NPs caused ROS production on the first day, whereas the addition of CuO-NPs completely detoxified Pb at the beginning and had a dose-dependent effect on mixtures at the end of the experiment. Also, the introduction of CuO-NPs slightly reduced the negative effect of Pb on pigment synthesis. As a molecular mechanism of the observed effects, we prioritized the provocation of oxidative stress by nanoparticles and related gene expression and biochemical reactions of algae cells. Analysis of the effect of CuO-NPs on the Cd and Pb content in microalgae cells showed increased accumulation of heavy metals. Thus, when algae were cultured in an environment with Cd and CuO-NPs, the Cd content per cell increased 4.2 times compared to the variant where cells were cultured only with Cd. In the case of Pb, the increase in its content per one cell increased 6.2 times when microalgae were cultured in an environment containing CuO-NPs. Thus, we found that CuO-NPs reduce the toxic effects of Cd and Pb, as well as significantly enhance the bioaccumulation of these toxic elements in the cells of D. communis microalgae. The results obtained can form the basis of technology for the nanobioremediation of aquatic ecosystems from heavy metals using microalgae.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Chebotaryova, S.P.; Baranchikov, P.A.; Zakharova, O.V.; Kozlova, T.A.; Maltsev, Y.I.; Kulikovskiy, M.S.; Grigoriev, G.V.; Gusev, A.A.
CuO Nanoparticles Reduce Toxicity and Enhance Bioaccumulation of Cadmium and Lead in the Cells of the Microalgae Desmodesmus communis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9167.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179167
AMA Style
Chebotaryova SP, Baranchikov PA, Zakharova OV, Kozlova TA, Maltsev YI, Kulikovskiy MS, Grigoriev GV, Gusev AA.
CuO Nanoparticles Reduce Toxicity and Enhance Bioaccumulation of Cadmium and Lead in the Cells of the Microalgae Desmodesmus communis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(17):9167.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179167
Chicago/Turabian Style
Chebotaryova, Svetlana P., Peter A. Baranchikov, Olga V. Zakharova, Tatiana A. Kozlova, Yevhen I. Maltsev, Maxim S. Kulikovskiy, Gregory V. Grigoriev, and Alexander A. Gusev.
2024. "CuO Nanoparticles Reduce Toxicity and Enhance Bioaccumulation of Cadmium and Lead in the Cells of the Microalgae Desmodesmus communis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 17: 9167.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179167
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