Phylogenetic Lineages and Diseases Associated with Moraxella catarrhalis Isolates Recovered from Bulgarian Patients
Abstract
:1. Background
2. Results
2.1. Studied Population
2.2. Serotyping
2.3. Antimicrobial Susceptibility
2.4. Genotyping
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Specimen Collection
4.2. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
4.3. Serotyping
4.4. DNA Extraction and PCR Amplifications
4.5. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) of M. catarrhalis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Age 1 | Diagnosis 2 | Serotype | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Children | 0–11 y n = 51 (69.9%) | URTI | AOM | LRTI | A | B | C |
43 (58.9%) | 8 (11.0%) | - | 46 (63.0%) | 4 (5.5%) | 1 (1.4%) | ||
Adults | 50–74 y n = 22 (30.1%) | 3 (4.1%) | - | 19 (26.0%) | 20(27.4%) | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (1.4%) |
Total n (100%) | 73 (100%) | 46 (63.0%) | 8 (11.0%) | 19 (26.0%) | 66 (90.4%) | 5 (6.8%) | 2 (2.8%) |
CC 1 | Strain | Age | Gender 2 | Diagnosis 3 | Sample 4 | Serotype | abcZ | adk | efp | fumC | glyRS | mutY | ppa | trpE | ST 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CC141 | 57/1379 | 50 | f | Bronchitis chr | Sputum | A | 2 | 17 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 64 |
557 | 2 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 2 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 141 | |
8080 | 2 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 2 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 141 | |
1353 | 4 | f | Adenoiditis | Nph | A | 2 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 141 | |
20/1321 | 3 | m | Adenoiditis | Nph | A | 2 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 84 | |
58/1558 | 1 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 8 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 20 | 26 | 3 | 2 | 388 | |
CC224 | 77 | 1 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 53 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 224 |
17/179 | 5 | m | Adenoiditis | Nph | A | 53 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 224 | |
61 | 3 | m | Adenoiditis | Nph | A | 53 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 224 | |
54/847 | 5 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 53 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 224 | |
18 | 6 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 53 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 224 | |
711 | 6 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 53 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 224 | |
555 | 71 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 53 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 224 | |
608 | 61 | m | Bronchitis chr | Sputum | A | 53 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 224 | |
26/53K | 71 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 53 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 224 | |
1843 | 63 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 53 | 3 | 59 | 3 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 589 | |
109,316 | 68 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 57 | 67 | 3 | 2 | 408 | |
K978 | 5 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 3 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 227 | |
166 | 4 | m | Adenoiditis | Nph | A | 3 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 57 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 227 | |
3270 | 2 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 28 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 31 | 31 | 3 | 2 | 195 | |
60 | 67 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 28 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 31 | 31 | 3 | 2 | 195 | |
3270 | 2 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 28 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 31 | 31 | 3 | 2 | 195 | |
CC184 | 5102 | 10 | m | Rhinosinuitis | Nph | A | 8 | 25 | 6 | 4 | 57 | 22 | 2 | 2 | 184 |
55/980 | 2 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 8 | 25 | 6 | 4 | 57 | 22 | 2 | 2 | 184 | |
22/6215 | 46 | f | Rhinosinuitis | Nph | A | 8 | 25 | 6 | 4 | 57 | 22 | 2 | 2 | 184 | |
426 | 5 | f | AOM | MEF | A | 8 | 25 | 6 | 4 | 57 | 22 | 23 | 2 | 435 | |
184/241 | 5 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 8 | 25 | 6 | 4 | 57 | 22 | 23 | 2 | 435 | |
24/814 | 4 | m | AOM | MEF | B | 8 | 25 | 6 | 4 | 57 | 22 | 23 | 2 | 435 | |
CC449 | 36/3468 | 6 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 17 | 15 | 8 | 2 | 449 |
37/8657 | 2 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 17 | 15 | 8 | 2 | 449 | |
31/161 | 1 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | B | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 17 | 15 | 8 | 2 | 449 | |
2826 | 1 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 3 | 18 | 55 | 2 | 15 | 15 | 8 | 2 | 498 | |
11 | 2 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 3 | 18 | 55 | 2 | 15 | 15 | 8 | 2 | 498 | |
CC390 | 42/785 | 6 | f | AOM | MEF | A | 8 | 25 | 6 | 2 | 37 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 390 |
785/42 | 6 | f | AOM | MEF | B | 8 | 25 | 6 | 2 | 37 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 390 | |
42/785 | 4 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 8 | 25 | 6 | 2 | 37 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 390 | |
3522 | 3 | m | Adenoiditis | Nph | A | 8 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 17 | 9 | 17 | 2 | 197 | |
CC67 | 184 | 11 | m | Rhinosinuitis | Nph | A | 2 | 17 | 2 | 3 | 20 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 67 |
571 | 60 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 2 | 2 | 111 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 928 | |
ST3 | 75 | 3 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
1205 | 3 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | |
ST54 | 592 | 2 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 8 | 24 | 3 | 7 | 30 | 3 | 23 | 2 | 54 |
353 | 59 | m | Rhinosinuitis | Nph | A | 8 | 24 | 3 | 7 | 30 | 3 | 23 | 2 | 54 | |
343 | 1 | f | Rhinosinuitis | Nph | A | 8 | 24 | 3 | 7 | 30 | 3 | 23 | 2 | 54 | |
ST62 | K83 | 3 | m | AOM | MEF | C | 8 | 26 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 22 | 25 | 2 | 62 |
1096 | 4 | m | AOM | Nph | A | 8 | 26 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 22 | 25 | 2 | 62 | |
ST183 | 43/1680 | 2 | m | AOM | Nph | A | 9 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 37 | 19 | 9 | 2 | 183 |
141 | 10 | m | Rhinosinuitis | Nph | A | 9 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 37 | 19 | 9 | 2 | 183 | |
ST215 | K1092 | 1 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 2 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 18 | 17 | 2 | 215 |
K1097 | 3 | m | AOM | Nph | A | 2 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 18 | 17 | 2 | 215 | |
ST216 | 10,838 | 74 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 25 | 18 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 216 |
56/1497 | 2 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 25 | 18 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 216 | |
39/4638 | 51 | f | Bronchitis chr | Sputum | A | 25 | 18 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 216 | |
ST436 | 8083 | 3 | m | AOM | Nph | B | 27 | 18 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 436 |
32/160 | 65 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 27 | 18 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 436 | |
ST540 | 22/471 | 53 | m | COPD | Sputum | B | 8 | 17 | 20 | 3 | 128 | 3 | 17 | 2 | 540 |
28/3220 | 64 | m | Bronchitis chr | Sputum | A | 8 | 17 | 20 | 3 | 128 | 3 | 17 | 2 | 540 | |
ST952 | 40/348 | 4 | f | Rhinopharyn | Nph | A | 157 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 21 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 952 |
22/5205M | 4 | f | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 157 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 21 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 952 | |
ST1022 | 81 | 6 | f | AOM | Nph | A | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 28 | 3 | 2 | 1022 |
14 | 2 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 28 | 3 | 2 | 1022 | |
STN | K511 | 4 | f | Adenoiditis | Nph | A | 3 | 9 | 2 | 9 | 129 | 8 | 9 | 5 | STN |
512 | 3 | m | Otitis media | MEF | A | 3 | 9 | 2 | 9 | 129 | 8 | 9 | 2 | STN | |
Singletons | 69,215 | 2 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
3034 | 4 | m | Adenoiditis | Nph | A | 3 | 18 | 6 | 3 | 31 | 15 | 17 | 2 | 56 | |
64 | 57 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 8 | 26 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 22 | 25 | 2 | 62 | |
30/867 | 4 | f | Otitis media | MEF | A | 2 | 17 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 64 | |
34/3907 | 54 | f | Bronchitis chr | Sputum | A | 29 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 34 | 29 | 21 | 2 | 74 | |
72AI | 65 | m | Bronchitis chr | Sputum | C | 36 | 6 | 12 | 2 | 50 | 41 | 3 | 2 | 126 | |
17 | 5 | f | Adenoiditis | Nph | A | 8 | 17 | 6 | 3 | 27 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 164 | |
3168 | 4 | m | Rhinophar | Nph | A | 2 | 17 | 12 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 338 | |
80 | 55 | m | COPD | Sputum | A | 2 | 17 | 2 | 4 | 107 | 89 | 3 | 2 | 437 | |
25/91K | 74 | m | Bronchitis chr | Sputum | A | 108 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 31 | 31 | 21 | 2 | 618 |
Gene | Primer Set | Base Pairs |
---|---|---|
glyRS | F 5′-GCACCGAAGAGTTGCCACCA-3′ R 5′-ACGCAACGGGCAAATCCACC-3′ | 762 bp |
ppa | F 5′-AATAAAATTCTAGATGCTGGC-3′ R 5′-ACTTATTGCTCTGTCCAGCG-3′ | 523 bp |
efp | F 5′-CTCTGATTGACAACTGGCAGG-3′ R 5′-GATATTCGCCAGTACGCG-3′ | 582 bp |
fumC | F 5′-GGGCGGTACAGCAGTCGGCAC-3′ R 5′-CTCATCAAATTCAGCTTCAG-3′ | 675 bp |
trpE | F 5′-TTATCCCGCATCGAAAATGG-3′ R 5′-GGTTTCATCCCATTCAGCC-3′ | 545 bp |
mutY | F 5′-GGCAATACCATCATCAGCCG-3′ R 5′-GGTAACTGACTTTGAACGCC-3′ | 609 bp |
adk | F 5′-GGCATTCCTCAAATCTCAAC-3′ R 5′-GATGGGCTTTATTGTCAAATG-3′ | 631 bp |
abcZ | F 5′-ACATGCTGATGATGGTGAG-3′ R 5′-CACTGGCAAGTTCAAGCGC-3′ | 610 bp |
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Alexandrova, A.S.; Boyanov, V.S.; Mihova, K.Y.; Gergova, R.T. Phylogenetic Lineages and Diseases Associated with Moraxella catarrhalis Isolates Recovered from Bulgarian Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9769. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189769
Alexandrova AS, Boyanov VS, Mihova KY, Gergova RT. Phylogenetic Lineages and Diseases Associated with Moraxella catarrhalis Isolates Recovered from Bulgarian Patients. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(18):9769. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189769
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandrova, Alexandra S., Vasil S. Boyanov, Kalina Y. Mihova, and Raina T. Gergova. 2024. "Phylogenetic Lineages and Diseases Associated with Moraxella catarrhalis Isolates Recovered from Bulgarian Patients" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 18: 9769. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189769