Molecular epidemiology (ME) is the application of molecular tools to determine the causation of disease. With infectious diseases, such as echinococcosis, this applies to identifying and characterising the aetiological agents and elucidating host ran...
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Mexico, with more than 20,000 new cases annually and a rising proportion of drug-resistant strains. This work addresses the molecul...
Viral hepatitis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Croatia, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are widely distributed, especially in some high-risk groups such as people who inject drugs (PWID), prisoners...
Dengue virus (DENV) is the most prevalent arbovirus in terms of human public health importance globally. In addition to DENV epidemiological surveillance, genomic surveillance may help investigators understand the epidemiological dynamics, geographic...
Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy (MCM) is characterized by abnormal heart-muscle structure and function, caused by mutations in the nuclear genome or mitochondrial DNA. The heterogeneity of gene mutations and various clinical presentations in patients wi...
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy that most commonly affects the pleural lining of the lungs. It has a strong association with exposure to biopersistent fibers, mainly asbestos (80% of cases) and—in specific geo...
Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is an important pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection of global significance. In this study, we investigated the molecular epidemiology and the genetic variability of hRSV over seven surveillance seaso...
Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) and enteroviruses (HEVs) belong to the Enterovirus genus and are the most frequent cause of infection worldwide, but data on their molecular epidemiology in Africa are scarce. To understand HRV and HEV molecular epidemiology...
The United Nations’ One Health initiative advocates the collaboration of multiple sectors within the global and local health authorities toward the goal of better public health management outcomes. The emerging global health threat posed by Asp...
Molecular fungal genotyping techniques developed and employed for epidemiological studies have understandably concentrated on establishing the genetic diversity of Aspergillus fumigatus in invasive aspergillosis due to its severity, the urgency for t...
Escherichia coli represents one of the most common causes of community-onset and nosocomial infections. Strains carrying extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) are a serious public health problem. In Central America we have not found studies reporting...
(1) Background: Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus (GBS) causes severe neonatal infections with a high burden of disease, especially in Africa. Maternal vaginal colonization and perinatal transmissions represent the common mode of acqu...
Migration is associated with HIV-1 vulnerability. Objectives: To identify long-term trends in HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and antiretroviral drug resistance (ARV) among migrants followed up in Portugal Methods: 5177 patients were included between 20...
Recent reports have advocated the global resurgence of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infections in the post-COVID-19 era. Considering the absence of relevant data from Greece, the present study aimed to explore the molecular epidemiology and possible...
The present study aimed to investigate pathological epidemiology and molecular confirmation of Ehrlichia canis among pet dogs in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, a state in eastern India. A total of 178 dogs were screened for Ehrlichiosis based on history, clini...
HIV-1 subtype B is the predominant strain in Bulgaria, yet little is known about the molecular epidemiology of these infections, including its origin and transmissibility. We used a phylodynamics approach by combining and analyzing 663 HIV-1 polymera...
We aim to analyze Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in central Panama, characterize the associated gonococcal antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and conduct molecular epidemiology and genetic typing. We conducted a retrospective study based on N. gonor...
Cervical cancer, a major health concern among women worldwide, is closely linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. This study explores the evolving landscape of HPV molecular epidemiology in Taiwan over a decade (2010–2020), where prophy...
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Background: Blastocystis sp. is an anaerobic intestinal protozoan with extensive genetic diversity and controversial pathogenicity. The distribution and molecular subtypes of this entity in Guilan province, northern Iran, remain under-investigated. O...
Chikungunya fever is an acute febrile illness caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), which is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Since 1965, only a few studies with limited scope have been conducted on CHIKV in Vietnam. Thus, this study aimed to dete...
Anaplasma species, belonging to the family Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales, are obligate intracellular bacteria responsible for various tick-borne diseases of veterinary and human significance worldwide. With advancements in molecular tech...
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a tick-borne zoonotic pathogen of significant public health concern in South Korea, where human cases continue to occur at high levels; however, information on the molecular epidemiology an...
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) affects approximately 14% of adults globally and is a progressive, multifactorial disorder of the kidney characterized by structural or functional nephron impairment. CKD has been linked with several other comorbidities,...
Frosty pod rot (FPR), caused by the basidiomycete Moniliophthora roreri, remains a major constraint to cacao production in the Neotropics and a biosecurity concern where the pathogen is absent. This critical narrative review appraises 69 sources span...
Coronaviruses, re-emerging in human populations, cause mild or severe acute respiratory diseases, and occasionally epidemics. This study systematically reviewed human coronavirus (HCoVs) infections in Africa prior to the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Forty st...
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) pose a public health challenge worldwide. While VRE bloodstream infections (VREBI) increase in Germany and Europe, population-based molecular data are scarce. We aimed to analyze the molecular epidemiology, demo...
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is an emerging and re-emerging arbovirus disease that is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. ZIKV infections were first described in Thailand in 1954 from the sera of indigenous residents and sev...
Higher rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been detected in prisoners when compared with the general population, but research into HIV molecular epidemiology and its transmission network has been lacking among them. Thus, this...
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging Alphavirus which causes millions of human infections every year. Outbreaks have been reported in Africa and Asia since the early 1950s, from three CHIKV lineages: West African, East Central South African, and...
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen responsible for a variety of community and hospital infections. Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) constitute a major threat for public health and are strongl...
Background: The global burden of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to threaten tuberculosis control efforts, largely due to the emergence and transmission of resistance-associated genetic mutations. Molecular epidemiology provides c...
Lower respiratory infections are a leading cause of death in children under five years. Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an underestimated causal agent of these infections. In this study, the molecular epidemiology of HMPV associated with respiratory...
Sarcocystis spp. are common intracellular protozoan parasites of wild and domestic ungulates, yet data regarding their occurrence and molecular diversity in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from Romania remain scarce. The present study investigated the...
β-thalassemia is one of the most prevalent inherited hemoglobin disorders worldwide and represents a major public health challenge in Southeast Asia, particularly in Vietnam. The disorder is caused by pathogenic variants in the β-globin (HB...
Background: Globally, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a high-priority opportunistic pathogen which displays several intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms, leading to challenging treatments and mortality of patients. Moreover, its...
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major antimicrobial-resistant pathogen affecting both human and animal health. Although historically associated with healthcare settings, MRSA is now established in livestock production and thro...
By 2022, Bulgaria’s National Reference Laboratory had confirmed 4024 HIV cases. We analyzed 132 pol gene sequences to characterize the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 subtypes A1, A6, and A7 (2001–2022). A1 accounted for 50.0% (66/132) of...
The greatest HIV-1 genetic diversity is found in West/Central Africa due to the pandemic’s origins in this region, but this diversity remains understudied. We characterized HIV-1 subtype diversity (from both sub-genomic and full-genome viral se...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (RV) are major causes of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) worldwide. The circulation of both RSV and RV was notably altered during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed the epidemiological and...
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an important pathogen affecting the pig industry, is an RNA virus with high genetic diversity. In this study, 12,299 clinical samples were collected from northern China during 2021–20...
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), or hydatid cyst disease (HCD), is a zoonosis of significant importance caused by the cestode of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s. l.) that affects mainly nomadic populations and has substantial economic consequences....
Poultry production plays a relevant role in the Ethiopian economy and represents a source of poverty alleviation for several social classes. Infectious diseases can therefore significantly impact the economy and welfare. Despite infectious bronchitis...
Klebsiella pneumoniae has been among the main pathogens contributing to the burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the last decade, and K. pneumoniae AMR strains predominantly cluster in the ST258 clonal complex. However, ST307 is emerging as an...
CRISPR/Cas is a molecular mechanism to prevent predatory viruses from invading bacteria via the insertion of small viral sequences (spacers) in its repetitive locus. The nature of spacer incorporation and the viral origins of spacers provide an overv...
Dog rabies remains a neglected tropical disease in many resource-limited endemic regions, including Unguja Island, Zanzibar. Classically, in such resource-limited settings, an underestimation of the impact of rabies, which directly correlates with in...
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative, non-motile pathogen commonly associated with healthcare settings. It is capable of causing severe infections, particularly in immunocompromised and critically ill individuals, and is linked to poor clinical...
RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, rely on genetic mutation as a major evolutionary mechanism, leading to the emergence of variants. Organ transplant recipients (OTRs) may be particularly vulnerable to such mutations, making it crucial to monitor the...
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhoea and a marker of antimicrobial exposure and healthcare quality, yet Central Asia is almost absent from the indexed literature. We reviewed available evidenc...
Oz virus (OZV), an emerging negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus classified under the family Orthomyxoviridae and genus Thogotovirus, was first isolated from Amblyomma testudinarium ticks in Ehime Prefecture, Japan, in 2013. Moreover, a single fa...
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging cause of viral hepatitis in Europe, with increasing recognition in immunocompromised patients. While genotype 3 (HEV-3) is most prevalent in the region, molecular epidemiology data from Hungary have been limited...
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