Antibody Responses in SARS-CoV-2-Exposed and/or Vaccinated Individuals Target Conserved Epitopes from Multiple CoV-2 Antigens
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Plasma Donor Demographics
2.2. mRNA and AstraZeneca-Vaccinated Donors Generated Cross-Reactive IgG Antibody Titers against Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants and P1/P2 Spike Epitopes
2.3. Competitive Inhibition with P1 and P2 Epitopes Reduced Cross-Reactive IgG Antibody Binding to Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants in mRNA, AstraZeneca, and Unvaccinated Donors
2.4. mRNA, AstraZeneca, and Unvaccinated Donors Showed IgG Antibody Titers against the SARS-CoV-2 N (Protein), N-Derived Lipopeptides (LP3, LP4, LP5) and Peptides (P3, P4, P5)
2.5. SARS-CoV-2 M-Specific IgG Antibody Responses in mRNA-Vaccinated, AstraZeneca-Vaccinated, and Unvaccinated Donors
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Ethical Approval
4.2. Human Plasma Donors
4.3. SARS-CoV-2 Proteins, Lipopeptides, and Peptides
4.4. Detection of Human IgG Antibodies and P1/P2 Competitive Antibody Assays
4.5. Statistical Analyses
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pathogen | Protein | Location | Code | Amino Acid Sequence | Epitope Characteristics [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SARS-CoV-2 | S1 | 492–505 | LP1 | LQSYGFQPTNGVGYK(Palmitoyl)G |
|
P1 | LQSYGFQPTNGVGY | ||||
S2 | 814–826 | LP2 | KRSFIEDLLFNKVK(Palmitoyl)G |
| |
P2 | KRSFIEDLLFNKV | ||||
N | 358–372 | LP3 | IDAYKTFPPTEPKKDK(Palmitoyl)G |
| |
P3 | IDAYKTFPPTEPKKD | ||||
317–331 | LP4 | MSRIGMEVTPSGTWLK(Palmitoyl)G |
| ||
P4 | MSRIGMEVTPSGTWL | ||||
158–172 | LP5 | VLQLPQGTTLPKGFYK(Palmitoyl)G |
| ||
P5 | VLQLPQGTTLPKGFY | ||||
M | 98–112 | LP6 | ASFRLFARTRSMWSFK(Palmitoyl)G |
| |
P6 | ASFRLFARTRSMWSF | ||||
34–48 | LP7 | LLQFAYANRNRFLYIK(Palmitoyl)G |
| ||
P7 | LLQFAYANRNRFLYI |
mRNA Vaccinated (N = 15) | AstraZeneca Vaccinated (N = 11) | Unvaccinated (N = 15) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sample Collection Timeline | ||||
July 2021–Aug 2021 | Apr 2021–Jan 2022 | July 2020–July 2021 | ||
Sex, n (%) | ||||
Females | 11 (73.3%) | 6 (54.5%) | 6 (40.0%) | |
Males | 4 (26.7%) | 5 (45.5%) | 9 (60.0%) | |
Age, median (range) | ||||
25 (19–65) | 58 (28–63) | 42 (20–94) | ||
Reported COVID-19 Infection, n (%) | ||||
- | 6 (54.5%) | 10 (66.6%) |
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Yao, D.; Patel, R.S.; Lam, A.; Glover, Q.; Srinivasan, C.; Herchen, A.; Ritchie, B.; Agrawal, B. Antibody Responses in SARS-CoV-2-Exposed and/or Vaccinated Individuals Target Conserved Epitopes from Multiple CoV-2 Antigens. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9814. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189814
Yao D, Patel RS, Lam A, Glover Q, Srinivasan C, Herchen A, Ritchie B, Agrawal B. Antibody Responses in SARS-CoV-2-Exposed and/or Vaccinated Individuals Target Conserved Epitopes from Multiple CoV-2 Antigens. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(18):9814. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189814
Chicago/Turabian StyleYao, David, Raj S. Patel, Adrien Lam, Quarshie Glover, Cindy Srinivasan, Alex Herchen, Bruce Ritchie, and Babita Agrawal. 2024. "Antibody Responses in SARS-CoV-2-Exposed and/or Vaccinated Individuals Target Conserved Epitopes from Multiple CoV-2 Antigens" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 18: 9814. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189814