CC Chemokine Family Members’ Modulation as a Novel Approach for Treating Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System Injury—A Review of Clinical and Experimental Findings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Chemokine | Chemokine Receptors | Central Nervous System Injury | Peripheral Nervous System Injury |
---|---|---|---|
CCL1 | CCR8 | ↑ IRBI [51] ↑ ICH [52] | ↑ PSNL [53] ↑ CCI [54] |
CCL2 | CCR1, CCR2, CCR4 | ↑ TBI [55,56,57,58] ↑ CIBI [59,60] ↑ AIBI [61] ↑ ICH [62] ↑ SCI [63] ↑ CPSP [64] | ↑ CCI [48,54,65,66,67] |
CCL3 | CCR1, CCR5 | ↑TBI [58,68,69] ↑ AIBI [61] | ↑ CCI [66,70,71,72] ↑ PSNL [73] |
CCL4 | CCR1, CCR5 | ↑ TBI [68] | ↑ CCI [65,66,72] |
CCL5 | CCR1, CCR3, CCR5 | ↑ TBI [74] ↑ IRBI [51] ↑ ICH [75] ↑ MCAO [76] | ↑ CCI [65,77] |
CCL6 | CCR1 | ND | ↑ CCI [65,66,78] |
CCL7 | CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5 | ↑ TBI [55] | ↑ CCI [65,66,78,79,80] ↑ SNL [81] |
CCL8 | CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5 | ND | ↑ CCI [65] |
CCL9/10 | CCR1 | ↑ TBI [68] ↑ IRBI [51] | ↑ CCI [65,66,82] |
CCL11 | CCR3, CCR5 | ↑ TBI [58] ↑ NHI [83] | ↑ CCI [80] |
CCL12 | CCR2 | ↑ TBI [55] ↑ ICH [84] | ↑ CCI [85,86] |
CCL13 | CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5 | NOT PRESENT IN MICE/RATS | |
CCL14 | CCR1 | NOT PRESENT IN MICE/RATS | |
CCL15 | CCR1, CCR3 | NOT PRESENT IN MICE/RATS | |
CCL16 | CCR1 | NOT PRESENT IN MICE/RATS | |
CCL17 | CCR4 | ↑ TBI [87,88] ↑ IRBI [51] ↑ ICH [89,90,91] | ↑ CCI [92] |
CCL18 | CCR8 | NOT PRESENT IN MICE/RATS | |
CCL19 | CCR7 | ↑ TBI [56] | ND |
CCL20 | CCR6 | ↑ TBI [93,94,95,96] ↑ ICH [97] ↑ MCAO [98] ↑ SCI [99] | ND |
CCL21 | CCR7 | ND | ↑ CCI [100] ↑ SNL [101] |
CCL22 | CCR4 | ↑ TBI [56,87,102] ↑ CPSP [103] ↑ NHI [104] | ↑ CCI [92] |
CCL23 | CCR1 | NOT PRESENT IN MICE/RATS | |
CCL24 | CCR3 | ND | – CCI [65,80] |
CCL25 | CCR9, CCR10 | ND | ND |
CCL26 | CCR3, CCR10 | ND | – CCI [80] |
CCL27 | CCR10 | ND | ND |
CCL28 | CCR3, CCR10 | ND | – CCI [80] |
2. CCR1—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
2.1. CCR1—Endogenous Ligands
2.2. CCR1—Pharmacological Modulation
Receptor(s) | Antagonist | Beneficial Effect of Antagonist after CNS Injury | Beneficial Effect of Antagonist after PNS Injury |
---|---|---|---|
SINGLE ANTAGONISTS OF CC-FAMILY RECEPTORS | |||
CCR1 | J113863 | ND | CCI [65,66] |
BX513 | ND | SSNL [164] | |
CCR2 | RS504393 | TBI [222,223]; LDH [197] | CCI [48,224]; LAMNT [225] |
CCX872 | TBI [226] | ND | |
INCB3344 | CIBI [227] | CCI [228] | |
AZ889 | ND | CCI [229] | |
CCR3 | SB328437 | ND | CCI [65,80] |
SB 297006 | ND | ND | |
CCR4 | C021 | ICH [89,90] | CCI [92,230] |
AZD-2098 | SAH [231] | ND | |
CCR5 | Maraviroc | TBI [232,233]; FCS [234]; CIBI [235]; ICH [236] | CCI [71,85,237] |
AZD-5672 | ND | CCI [72] | |
TAK-220 | FCI [238] | CCI [72] | |
CCR6 | PF-07054894 | ND | ND |
CCR7 | - | ND | ND |
CCR8 | AZ084 | ND | ND |
R243 | ND | ND | |
CCR9 | Vercirnon | ND | ND |
MLN3126 | ND | ND | |
CCR10 | BI-6901 | ND | ND |
DOUBLE ANTAGONISTS OF CC-FAMILY RECEPTORS | |||
CCR1/CCR3 | UCB 35625 | ND | CCI [65] |
CCR2/CCR5 | Cenicriviroc | TBI [203] | CCI [70,85] |
BMS-813160 | ND | ND | |
PF-04634817 | ND | ND |
3. CCR2—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
3.1. CCR2—Endogenous Ligands
3.2. CCR2—Pharmacological Modulation
4. CCR3—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
4.1. CCR3—Endogenous Ligands
4.2. CCR3—Pharmacological Modulation
5. CCR4—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
5.1. CCR4—Endogenous Ligands
5.2. CCR4—Pharmacological Modulation
6. CCR5—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
6.1. CCR5—Endogenous Ligands
6.2. CCR5—Pharmacological Modulation
7. CCR6—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
7.1. CCR6—Endogenous Ligands
7.2. CCR6—Pharmacological Modulation
8. CCR7—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
8.1. CCR7—Endogenous Ligands
8.2. CCR7—Pharmacological Modulation
9. CCR8—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
9.1. CCR8—Endogenous Ligands
9.2. CCR8—Pharmacological Modulation
10. CCR9—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
10.1. CCR9—Endogenous Ligands
10.2. CCR9—Pharmacological Modulation
11. CCR10—Ligands and Pharmacological Modulation
11.1. CCR10—Endogenous Ligands
11.2. CCR10—Pharmacological Modulation
12. Analgesic Potential of Dual Chemokine CC Receptor Antagonists
13. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ciechanowska, A.; Mika, J. CC Chemokine Family Members’ Modulation as a Novel Approach for Treating Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System Injury—A Review of Clinical and Experimental Findings. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 3788. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073788
Ciechanowska A, Mika J. CC Chemokine Family Members’ Modulation as a Novel Approach for Treating Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System Injury—A Review of Clinical and Experimental Findings. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(7):3788. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073788
Chicago/Turabian StyleCiechanowska, Agata, and Joanna Mika. 2024. "CC Chemokine Family Members’ Modulation as a Novel Approach for Treating Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System Injury—A Review of Clinical and Experimental Findings" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 7: 3788. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073788