Cyclophilin A Regulates Tripartite Motif 5 Alpha Restriction of HIV-1

Wang, Tingting; Becker, Daniel; Twizerimana, Augustin Penda; Luedde, Tom; Gohlke, Holger; Münk, Carsten

doi:10.3390/ijms26020495

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Cyclophilin A Regulates Tripartite Motif 5 Alpha Restriction of HIV-1

by

Tingting Wang

¹,

Daniel Becker

²,

Augustin Penda Twizerimana

¹

,

Tom Luedde

¹

,

Holger Gohlke

^2,3,*

and

Carsten Münk

^1,*

¹

Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

²

Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany

³

Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(2), 495; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020495

Submission received: 13 December 2024 / Revised: 3 January 2025 / Accepted: 6 January 2025 / Published: 9 January 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Infectious Diseases)

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Abstract

The peptidyl-prolyl isomerase A (PPIA), also known as cyclophilin A (CYPA), is involved in multiple steps of the HIV-1 replication cycle. CYPA regulates the restriction of many host factors by interacting with the CYPA-binding loop on the HIV-1 capsid (CA) surface. TRIM5 (tripartite motif protein 5) in primates is a key species-specific restriction factor defining the HIV-1 pandemic. The incomplete adaptation of HIV-1 to humans is due to the different utilization of CYPA by pandemic and non-pandemic HIV-1. The enzymatic activity of CYPA on the viral core is likely an important reason for regulating the TRIM5 restriction activity. Thus, the HIV-1 capsid and its CYPA interaction may serve as new targets for future anti-AIDS therapeutic agents. This article will describe the species-specificity of the restriction factor TRIM5, understand the role of CYPA in regulating restriction factors in retroviral infection, and discuss important future research issues.

Keywords: HIV; SIV; capsid; CYPA; TRIM5; MX2; CPSF6; capsid inhibitor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, T.; Becker, D.; Twizerimana, A.P.; Luedde, T.; Gohlke, H.; Münk, C. Cyclophilin A Regulates Tripartite Motif 5 Alpha Restriction of HIV-1. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020495

AMA Style

Wang T, Becker D, Twizerimana AP, Luedde T, Gohlke H, Münk C. Cyclophilin A Regulates Tripartite Motif 5 Alpha Restriction of HIV-1. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(2):495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020495

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Tingting, Daniel Becker, Augustin Penda Twizerimana, Tom Luedde, Holger Gohlke, and Carsten Münk. 2025. "Cyclophilin A Regulates Tripartite Motif 5 Alpha Restriction of HIV-1" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 2: 495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020495

APA Style

Wang, T., Becker, D., Twizerimana, A. P., Luedde, T., Gohlke, H., & Münk, C. (2025). Cyclophilin A Regulates Tripartite Motif 5 Alpha Restriction of HIV-1. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(2), 495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020495

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Cyclophilin A Regulates Tripartite Motif 5 Alpha Restriction of HIV-1

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