Sensors, Volume 23, Issue 4

Professional swimming coaches make use of videos to evaluate their athletes’ performances. Specifically, the videos are manually analyzed in order to observe the movements of all parts of the swimmer’s body during the exercise and to give...

In the Internet of Things (IoT), Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs) are designed to provide low energy consumption while maintaining a long communications’ range for End Devices (EDs). LoRa is a communication protocol that can cover a wide r...

In recent years, the rapid development of deep learning approaches has paved the way to explore the underlying factors that explain the data. In particular, several methods have been proposed to learn to identify and disentangle these underlying expl...

Minimally invasive surgical robots have the advantages of high positioning accuracy, good stability, and flexible operation, which can effectively improve the quality of surgery and reduce the difficulty for doctors to operate. However, in order to r...

In this paper, a novel liquid level sensing system is proposed to enhance the capacity of the sensing system, as well as reduce the cost and increase the sensing accuracy. The proposed sensing system can monitor the liquid level of several points at...

Stretchable yarn/fiber electronics with conductive features are optimal components for different wearable devices. This paper presents the construction of coil structure-based carbon nanotube (CNT)/polymer fibers with adjustable piezoresistivity. The...

We developed a wearable swallowing assessment device using a hetero-core fiber-optic pressure sensor for the detection of laryngeal movement during swallowing. The proposed pressure sensor (comfortably attached to the skin of the neck) demonstrated a...

Since the advent of visual sensors, smart cities have generated massive surveillance video data, which can be intelligently inspected to detect anomalies. Computer vision-based automated anomaly detection techniques replace human intervention to secu...

Fifth generation (5G) is a recent wireless communication technology in mobile networks. The key parameters of 5G are enhanced coverage, ultra reliable low latency, high data rates, massive connectivity and better support to mobility. Enhanced coverag...

In this paper, a novel H-shaped radial phononic crystal (H-RPC) structure is proposed to suppress the anchor loss of a Lamb wave resonator (LWR), which has an ultra-high frequency (UHF) and ultra-wideband gap characteristics. Compared to previous stu...

The objective of this study was to validate PLATES for assessing unipodal balance in the field, for example, to monitor ankle instabilities in athletes or patients. PLATES is a pair of lightweight, connected force platforms that measure only vertical...

This study characterized the absolute pressure measurement error and reliability of a new fully integrated (Kinetyx, SI) plantar-pressure measurement system (PPMS) versus an industry-standard PPMS (F-Scan, Tekscan) during an established benchtop test...

The security of internet of things (IoT) devices remains a major concern. These devices are very vulnerable because of some of their particularities (limited in both their memory and computing power, and available energy) that make it impossible to i...

The article’s subject is the investigation of electromagnetic fields (EMF) of the microwave frequency band in a typical human living environment, especially in shielded areas. The point of view of electromagnetic field presence in the environme...

This paper aims to address the obstacle avoidance problem of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in complex environments by proposing a trajectory planning method based on the Gauss pseudospectral method (GPM). According to the kinematics and dynam...

The concept of Digital Twin is of fundamental importance to meet the main requirements of Industry 4.0. Among the standards currently available to realize Digital Twins there is the Digital Twins Definition Language. Digital Twin requires exchange of...

Cognac and brandy quality control is an actual topic in food analysis. Aromatic aldehydes, particularly syringaldehyde and vanillin, are one of the markers used for these purposes. Therefore, simple and express methods for their simultaneous determin...

This systematic review documents the protocol characteristics of studies that used neuromuscular electrical stimulation protocols (NMES) on the plantar flexors [through triceps surae (TS) or tibial nerve (TN) stimulation] to stimulate afferent pathwa...

We examine a general wireless sensor network (WSN) model which incorporates a large number of sensors distributed over a large and complex geographical area. The study proposes solutions for a flexible deployment, low cost and high reliability in a w...

Most existing point cloud instance segmentation methods require accurate and dense point-level annotations, which are extremely laborious to collect. While incomplete and inexact supervision has been exploited to reduce labeling efforts, inaccurate s...

Brain tumors are among the deadliest forms of cancer, characterized by abnormal proliferation of brain cells. While early identification of brain tumors can greatly aid in their therapy, the process of manual segmentation performed by expert doctors,...

Industrial assets often feature multiple sensing devices to keep track of their status by monitoring certain physical parameters. These readings can be analyzed with machine learning (ML) tools to identify potential failures through anomaly detection...

Human motion analysis requires information about the position and orientation of different parts of the human body over time. Widely used are optical methods such as the VICON system and sets of wired and wireless IMU sensors to estimate absolute ori...

This systematic review aims to summarise the evidence from studies that examined morphometric alterations of the deep neck muscles using diagnostic imaging (ultrasound imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography) in patients diagnose...

The aim of fusing hyperspectral and multispectral images is to overcome the limitation of remote sensing hyperspectral sensors by improving their spatial resolutions. This process, also known as hypersharpening, generates an unobserved high-spatial-r...

Background: Mammographic digital imaging is based on X-ray sensors with solid image quality characteristics. These primarily include (a) a response curve that yields high contrast and image latitude, (b) a frequency response given by the Modulation T...

Hazardous object detection (escalators, stairs, glass doors, etc.) and avoidance are critical functional safety modules for autonomous mobile cleaning robots. Conventional object detectors have less accuracy for detecting low-feature hazardous object...

CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart), or HIP (Human Interactive Proof), has long been utilized to avoid bots manipulating web services. Over the years, various CAPTCHAs have been presented, primarily to...

Owing to the increasing popularity of smart agriculture in recent years, it is necessary to develop a single sensor that can measure several soil properties, particularly the soil water content and matric potential. Therefore, in this study, we devel...

Optical remote sensing and Earth observation instruments rely on precise radiometric calibrations which are generally provided by the broadband emission from large-aperture integrating spheres. The link between the integrating sphere radiance and an...

In this paper, we propose a lensless three-dimensional (3D) imaging under photon-starved conditions using diffraction grating and computational photon counting method. In conventional 3D imaging with and without the lens, 3D visualization of objects...

Nowadays, the solution to many practical problems relies on machine learning tools. However, compiling the appropriate training data set for real-world classification problems is challenging because collecting the right amount of data for each class...

This paper presents laboratory results on the influence of the magnetic field of an active magnetic bearing (AMB) on the eddy-current sensor operation. The magnetic suspension technology enables continuous diagnostics and monitoring of a rotary machi...

In this study, a solid-state modified pH sensor with RF magnetron sputtering technology was developed. The sensor consists of an active electrode consisting of a titanium nitride (TiN) film with a protective membrane of Nafion and a reference glass e...

A passive keyless entry and start (PKES) system is an electronic lock for an automobile that provides the great convenience of opening the door when the user is in proximity. However, the system suffers from relay attacks. Recent studies revealed tha...

The internet of things, a collection of diversified distributed nodes, implies a varying choice of activities ranging from sleep monitoring and tracking of activities, to more complex activities such as data analytics and management. With an increase...

As the technology revolution and industrialization have flourished in the last few decades, the development of humidity nanosensors has become more important for the detection and control of humidity in the industry production line, food preservation...

The recognition of hypoxia symptoms is a critical part of physiological training in military aviation. Acute exposure protocols have been designed in hypobaric chambers to train aircrews to recognize hypoxia and quickly take corrective actions. The g...

This paper presents a method for the multi-criteria classification of data in terms of identifying pneumatic wheel imbalance on the basis of vehicle body vibrations in normal operation conditions. The paper uses an expert system based on search graph...

The rapid proliferation of the emerging yet promising notion of the Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) has led to the development of a variety of conventional trust assessment schemes to tackle insider attackers. The primary reliance of these frameworks is o...

This paper presents a fast and computationally stable analytical algorithm used to perform the characteristic impedance of cylindrical multilayer waveguides used in high-precision sensors and apparatuses. Most of the algorithms used for the calculati...

The objective of the research presented in this paper was to provide a novel open-source strain gauge system that shall enable the measurement of the pressure of a runner’s feet on the ground and the presentation of the results of that measurem...

Detrimental effects of chronic stress on healthcare professionals have been well-established, but the implementation and evaluation of effective interventions aimed at improving distress coping remains inadequate. Individualized mHealth interventions...

In this paper, new features relevant to blood pressure (BP) estimation using photoplethysmography (PPG) are presented. A total of 195 features, including the proposed ones and those already known in the literature, have been calculated on a set compo...

A mechanically robust in-tube stainless steel microneedle solid phase microextraction (SPME) platform for dual electrochemical and chromatographic detection has been demonstrated. The SPME microneedle was fabricated by layer-by-layer (LbL) in-tube co...

The vehicle testing–validation phase is a crucial and demanding task in the automotive development process for vehicle manufacturers. It ensures the correct operation, safety, and efficiency of the vehicle. To meet this demand, some commercial...

Electronic health (eHealth) is a strategy to improve the physical and mental condition of a human, collecting daily physiological data and information from digital apparatuses. Body weight and blood pressure (BP) are the most popular and important ph...

Aiming at the fault diagnosis accuracy of rolling bearings is not high enough, and unknown faults cannot be correctly identified. A priority elimination (PE) method is proposed in this paper. First, the priority diagnosis sequence of faults was deter...

The proliferation of deep learning has propelled image inpainting to an important research field. Although the current image inpainting model has made remarkable achievements, the two-stage image inpainting method is easy to produce structural errors...

Injection moulding (IM) is an important industrial process, known to be the most used plastic formation technique. Demand for faster cycle times and higher product customisation is driving interest in additive manufacturing (AM) as a new method for m...