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Article

The Impact of 1030 nm fs-Pulsed Laser on Enhanced Rayleigh Scattering in Optical Fibers

by
Bogusław Szczupak
1,*,
Mateusz Mądry
1,*,
Marta Bernaś
2,
Paweł Kozioł
3,
Krzysztof Skorupski
4 and
Gabriela Statkiewicz-Barabach
2,*
1
Department of Telecommunications and Teleinformatics, Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
2
Department of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
3
Department of Field Theory, Electronic Circuits and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Photonics and Microsystems, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
4
Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38 D, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2024, 24(18), 5980; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185980
Submission received: 26 July 2024 / Revised: 22 August 2024 / Accepted: 13 September 2024 / Published: 15 September 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Optical Sensors)
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Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive study on the impact of irradiation optical fiber cores with a femtosecond-pulsed laser, operating at a wavelength of 1030 nm, on the signal amplitude in Rayleigh scattering-based optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). The experimental study involves two fibers with significantly different levels of germanium doping: the standard single-mode fiber (SMF-28) and the ultra-high numerical aperture fiber (UHNA7). The research findings reveal distinct characteristics of reflected and scattered light amplitudes as a function of pulse energy. Although different amplitude changes are observed for the examined fibers, both can yield an enhancement of amplitude. The paper further investigates the effect of fiber Bragg grating inscription on the overall amplitude of reflected light. The insights gained from this study could be beneficial for controlling the enhancement of light scattering amplitude in fibers with low or high levels of germanium doping.
Keywords: Rayleigh scattering; optical fibers; optical frequency domain reflectometer; fiber Bragg gratings; distributed optical fiber sensors; light reflection; optical fiber sensors Rayleigh scattering; optical fibers; optical frequency domain reflectometer; fiber Bragg gratings; distributed optical fiber sensors; light reflection; optical fiber sensors

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MDPI and ACS Style

Szczupak, B.; Mądry, M.; Bernaś, M.; Kozioł, P.; Skorupski, K.; Statkiewicz-Barabach, G. The Impact of 1030 nm fs-Pulsed Laser on Enhanced Rayleigh Scattering in Optical Fibers. Sensors 2024, 24, 5980. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185980

AMA Style

Szczupak B, Mądry M, Bernaś M, Kozioł P, Skorupski K, Statkiewicz-Barabach G. The Impact of 1030 nm fs-Pulsed Laser on Enhanced Rayleigh Scattering in Optical Fibers. Sensors. 2024; 24(18):5980. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185980

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szczupak, Bogusław, Mateusz Mądry, Marta Bernaś, Paweł Kozioł, Krzysztof Skorupski, and Gabriela Statkiewicz-Barabach. 2024. "The Impact of 1030 nm fs-Pulsed Laser on Enhanced Rayleigh Scattering in Optical Fibers" Sensors 24, no. 18: 5980. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185980

APA Style

Szczupak, B., Mądry, M., Bernaś, M., Kozioł, P., Skorupski, K., & Statkiewicz-Barabach, G. (2024). The Impact of 1030 nm fs-Pulsed Laser on Enhanced Rayleigh Scattering in Optical Fibers. Sensors, 24(18), 5980. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185980

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