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Current Issues in Molecular Biology is published by MDPI from Volume 43 Issue 1 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Caister Press.
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Review

The Sleeping Beauty Transposable Element: Evolution, Regulation and Genetic Applications

by
Zoltán Ivics
1,*,
Christopher D. Kaufman
1,
Hatem Zayed
1,
Csaba Miskey
1,
Oliver Walisko
1 and
Zsuzsanna Izsvák
1,2
1
Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert Rössle Str. 10, D-13092 Berlin, Germany
2
Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2004, 6(1), 43-56; https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.006.043
Submission received: 7 May 2003 / Revised: 9 July 2003 / Accepted: 10 September 2003 / Published: 25 November 2003
Versions Notes

Abstract

Members of the Tc1/mariner superfamily of transposable elements isolated from vertebrate species are inactive due to the accumulation of mutations. A representative of a subfamily of fish elements estimated to be last active >10 million years ago has been reconstructed, and named Sleeping Beauty (SB). This element opened up new avenues for studies on DNA transposition in vertebrates, and for the development of transposon tools for genetic manipulation in important model species and in humans. Multiple transposase binding sites within the terminal inverted repeats, a transpositional enhancer sequence, unequal affinity of the transposase to the binding sites and the activity of the cellular HMGB1 protein all contribute to a highly regulated assembly of SB synaptic complexes, which is likely a requirement for the subsequent catalytic steps. Host proteins involved in double-strand DNA break repair are limiting factors of SB transposition in mammalian cells, underscoring evolutionary, structural and functional links between DNA transposition, retroviral integration and V(D)J recombination. SB catalyzes efficient cut-and-paste transposition in a wide range of vertebrate cells in tissue culture, and in somatic tissues as well as the germline of the mouse and zebrafish in vivo, indicating its usefulness as a vector for transgenesis and insertional mutagenesis.
Keywords: Tc1/mariner; transposable elements; Sleeping Beaut; SB; DNA transposition; transposon; transposase; inverted repeats; transpositional; recombination; transposition; transgenesis; insertional mutagenesis Tc1/mariner; transposable elements; Sleeping Beaut; SB; DNA transposition; transposon; transposase; inverted repeats; transpositional; recombination; transposition; transgenesis; insertional mutagenesis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ivics, Z.; Kaufman, C.D.; Zayed, H.; Miskey, C.; Walisko, O.; Izsvák, Z. The Sleeping Beauty Transposable Element: Evolution, Regulation and Genetic Applications. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2004, 6, 43-56. https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.006.043

AMA Style

Ivics Z, Kaufman CD, Zayed H, Miskey C, Walisko O, Izsvák Z. The Sleeping Beauty Transposable Element: Evolution, Regulation and Genetic Applications. Current Issues in Molecular Biology. 2004; 6(1):43-56. https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.006.043

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivics, Zoltán, Christopher D. Kaufman, Hatem Zayed, Csaba Miskey, Oliver Walisko, and Zsuzsanna Izsvák. 2004. "The Sleeping Beauty Transposable Element: Evolution, Regulation and Genetic Applications" Current Issues in Molecular Biology 6, no. 1: 43-56. https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.006.043

APA Style

Ivics, Z., Kaufman, C. D., Zayed, H., Miskey, C., Walisko, O., & Izsvák, Z. (2004). The Sleeping Beauty Transposable Element: Evolution, Regulation and Genetic Applications. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 6(1), 43-56. https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.006.043

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