Long-Term Efficacy of Variable-Thread Tapered Implants—A Retrospective, Clinical and Radiological Evaluation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Characteristics
3.2. Implant Survival
3.3. Implant Success
3.4. Peri-Implant Health
3.5. Correlation with Risk Factors
4. Discussion
4.1. Implant Survival
4.2. Implant Success
4.3. Peri-Implantitis
4.4. Risk Factors
4.5. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Risk Factor | Events | % | |
---|---|---|---|
current smoker | 6 | 7.4 | |
smoking history in pack years | 1–9 10–19 20–39 >40 | 15 6 7 7 | 18.5 7.4 8.6 8.6 |
consume of alcohol | occasionally daily | 29 21 | 35.8 25.9 |
diabetes mellitus | 7 | 8.6 | |
HbA1C in percent (n = 5) | <6.5 6.5–7.5 >7.5 | 2 1 2 | 40.0 20.0 40.0 |
history of immunosuppressant | 4 | 4.9 | |
Carcinosis | 9 | 11.1 | |
Bisphosphonate-intake at follow-up | oral intravenous | 3 3 | 3.7 3.7 |
periodontitis (n = 80) according to PSR (Periodontal Screening and Recording) | 35 | 43.8 | |
oral hygiene status | insufficient | 8 | 9.9 |
Bruxism | 38 | 46.9 | |
frequency of professional dental cleaning | never 1/year >1/year >2/year >3/year | 3 14 41 16 7 | 3.7 17.3 50.6 19.8 8.6 |
VTTI (n = 149) | Control Group (n = 108) | |
---|---|---|
plaque 1,2 | 35.6% (53) | 42.5% (45) |
spontaneous bleeding 2 | 2.0% (3) | 0.9% (1) |
exudation 2 | 0.7% (1) | 0.0% (0) |
BOP | 66.4% (99) | 63.0% (68) |
probing depth 2 in mm * | 3.6 ± 1.5 | 3.6 ± 1.4 |
recession in mm ± SD | 0.33 ± 0.88 | 1.17 ± 1.24 |
keratinized mucosa 2 in mm * | 2.5 ± 2.1 | 1.2 ± 1.5 |
prosthodontics | ||
crown | 55.0% (82) | 50.9% (55) |
implant-supported fixed prosthodontics | 40.9% (61) | 44.4% (48) |
anchorage for removable prosthodontics | 4.0% (6) | 4.6% (5) |
fixation | ||
cemented | 74.5% (111) | 66.7% (72) |
screw-retained | 25.5% (38) | 33.3% (36) |
patient satisfaction * | 9.54 ± 0.941 | 9.30 ± 1.665 |
foreign body sensation | 3.18% (5) | 0.00% (0) |
radiological bone loss in mm 3,* | 1.12 ± 1.50 | 1.62 ± 1.68 |
Outcome Variable | n | Events | 95.0% CI | Time In Situ * |
---|---|---|---|---|
Implant survival | ||||
VTTI | 157 | 149 (94.9%) | 90.2–97.8% | 8.51 ± 0.70 |
control group | 113 | 108 (95.6%) | 90.0–98.5% | 12.46 ± 3.91 |
Implant success | ||||
VTTI | 87 | 66 (75.9%) | 65.5–84.4% | 8.55 ± 0.73 |
control group | 71 | 43 (60.6%) | 48.3–72.0% | 12.84 ± 3.38 |
Peri-implantitis | ||||
VTTI | 79 | 29 (36.7%) | 27.3–48.0% | 8.47 ± 0.67 |
control group | 66 | 31 (47.0%) | 35.6–58.8% | 12.75 ± 3.41 |
Implant Quality Scale Group and Criteria | VTTI (n = 87) | Control Group (n = 71) |
---|---|---|
I. Success (optimum health) | 66 (75.9%) | 43 (60.6%) |
(a) No pain or tenderness upon function | ||
(b) 0 mobility | ||
(c) <2 mm radiographic bone loss from initial surgery | ||
(d) No exudates history | ||
II. Satisfactory survival | 2 (2.3%) | 12 (16.9%) |
(a) No pain on function | ||
(b) 0 mobility | ||
(c) 2–4 mm radiographic bone loss | ||
(d) No exudates history | ||
III. Compromised survival | 9 (10.3%) | 9 (12.7%) |
(a) May have sensitivity on function | ||
(b) No mobility | ||
(c) Radiographic bone loss > 4 mm (less than 1/2 of implant body) | ||
(d) Probing depth > 7 mm | ||
(e) May have exudates history | ||
IV. Failure (absolute or clinical failure) | 10 (11.5%) | 7 (9.9%) |
Any of following: | ||
(a) Pain on function | ||
(b) Mobility | ||
(c) Radiographic bone loss > 1/2 length of implant | 1 (1.1%) | |
(d) Uncontrolled exudate | 1 (1.1%) | |
(e) No longer in mouth | 8 (9.2%) | 5 (7.0%) |
or scheduled for explantation | 2 (2.8%) | |
time in situ ** (years) | 8.55 ± 0.73 | 12.84 ± 3.38 |
minimum–maximum | 7.42–11.29 | 8.22–22.02 |
Step | Regression-Coefficient B | Standard Deviation | Wald | df | p | Exp (B) = OR 95.0% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | presence of plaque | 1.586 | 0.502 | 9.992 | 1 | 0.002 | 4.886 (1.827–13.064) |
constant | 0.488 | 0.251 | 3.779 | 1 | 0.052 | 1.629 | |
(2) | presence of plaque | 1.568 | 0.527 | 8.863 | 1 | 0.003 | 4.798 (1.709–13.473) |
submerged healing mode | 1.402 | 0.572 | 5.998 | 1 | 0.014 | 4.063 (1.323–12.478) | |
constant | 0.695 | 0.285 | 5.942 | 1 | 0.015 | 2.004 | |
(3) | absence of keratinized mucosa | 1.502 | 0.637 | 5.553 | 1 | 0.018 | 4.489 (1.288–15.649) |
presence of plaque | 1.697 | 0.560 | 9.170 | 1 | 0.002 | 5.457 (1.820–16.367) | |
submerged healing mode | 1.442 | 0.605 | 5.679 | 1 | 0.017 | 4.230 (1.292–13.851) | |
constant | 0.339 | 0.331 | 1.051 | 1 | 0.305 | 1.404 |
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Blume, O.; Schnödt, E.M.; Back, M.; Wildenhof, J.I.; Probst, F.A.; Otto, S. Long-Term Efficacy of Variable-Thread Tapered Implants—A Retrospective, Clinical and Radiological Evaluation. Medicina 2020, 56, 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56110564
Blume O, Schnödt EM, Back M, Wildenhof JI, Probst FA, Otto S. Long-Term Efficacy of Variable-Thread Tapered Implants—A Retrospective, Clinical and Radiological Evaluation. Medicina. 2020; 56(11):564. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56110564
Chicago/Turabian StyleBlume, Oliver, Eva Maria Schnödt, Michael Back, Jan IR Wildenhof, Florian A. Probst, and Sven Otto. 2020. "Long-Term Efficacy of Variable-Thread Tapered Implants—A Retrospective, Clinical and Radiological Evaluation" Medicina 56, no. 11: 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56110564