Primary Hepatic Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in a Patient with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Case Report and Summary of the Literature
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Case Presentation
3. Discussion
Present Case | Common Findings of Previously Reported Cases [7,32,33,41,42] | Common Findings of Typical Hepatocellular Carcinoma [43,44,45] | |
---|---|---|---|
US | Hypoechoic | Hypoechoic | Presence of halo and mosaic signs |
CEUS | Arterial phase: hyper-enhanced Portal/late phase: hypo-enhanced | Arterial phase: hyper-enhanced Portal/late phase: hypo-enhanced | Arterial phase: hyper-enhanced Portal/late phase: hypo-enhanced |
CT | Low and iso-density | Low and iso-density | Low/iso-/high density |
Dynamic CT | Ring enhancement pattern | Enhanced/ring enhancement pattern/not enhanced | Enhanced and washout |
MRI | T1-weighted: low intensity, T2-weighted: high intensity | T1-weighted: low intensity, T2-weighted: high intensity | T2-weighted: high intensity |
Gd-EOB-MRI | Enhanced in arterial phase, low intensity in hepatocyte phase | Enhanced in arterial phase, low intensity in hepatocyte phase | Enhanced in arterial phase, low intensity in hepatocyte phase |
PET | Abnormal accumulation | Abnormal accumulation | Nearly half of cases have no accumulation |
Age (Years) | Sex | HBV | Treatment | Follow-Up (Months) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
37 | M | CH | R-CHOP | N/A | [15] |
73 | M | Carrier | Resection | 6 | [7] |
59 | F | CH | Observation | N/A | [14] |
52 | F | N/A | R-CVP | 60 | [42] |
54 | M | N/A | R-CVP, RT | 36 | [41] |
65 | M | N/A | Chemotherapy | 24 | [41] |
80 | M | N/A | Chemotherapy | 15 | [41] |
57 | F | N/A | Resection, rituximab | 72 | [46] |
50 | F | CH | Observation | 32 | [47] |
59 | M | CH | Resection | 48 | [13] |
53 | M | Carrier | Resection, R-CHOP | N/A | [12] |
38 | M | Carrier | Resection, CHOP | 15 | [11] |
59 | M | LC | Liver transplantation | 6 | [10] |
36 | M | Carrier | Resection, rituximab | 40 | [9] |
66 | F | Carrier | NUC, observation | Ongoing | Present case |
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Hematology | Chemistry | Tumor Markers | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
While blood cells | 5503 | /μL | Total protein | 7.5 | g/dL | AFP | 4.5 | ng/mL |
Neutrophils | 63.5 | % | Albumin | 4.8 | g/dL | PIVKA-II | 17 | mAU/mL |
Lymphocytes | 28 | % | AST | 20 | U/L | CEA | 1.6 | ng/mL |
Red blood cells | 447 × 104 | /µL | ALT | 17 | U/L | CA19-9 | 39.3 | U/mL |
Hemoglobin | 13.9 | g/dL | LDH | 232 | U/L | CA12-5 | 18 | U/mL |
Platelet count | 24.1 × 104 | /μL | ALP | 172 | U/L | CA15-3 | 12.8 | U/mL |
<Coagulation> | GGT | 32 | U/L | sIL-2R | 385 | U/mL | ||
Prothrombin% | 127.3 | % | T-Bil | 0.82 | mg/dL | <Infection markers> | ||
APTT | 25.4 | s | BUN | 15 | mg/dL | HBs-Ag | 70.6 | IU/mL |
Cre | 0.76 | mg/dL | HBe-Ag | 0.1 | C.O.I | |||
Na | 141 | mEq/L | HBe-Ab | 100 | %INH | |||
K | 4.4 | mEq/L | HBV DNA | 2.6 | Log IU/mL | |||
CRP | 0.04 | mg/dL | HCV-Ab | (-) |
Epidemiology | Predominantly in elderly individuals in their 60’s at a similar sex ratio |
Clinical features | No symptoms, abdominal discomfort, poor appetite, gastrointestinal symptoms, B symptoms (fever, weight loss, and night sweats) |
Radiological investigation | US, CEUS, CT, MRI, PET-CT |
Treatment | Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, combined therapy |
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Yamashita, Y.; Joshita, S.; Kobayashi, H.; Wakabayashi, S.-i.; Sugiura, A.; Yamazaki, T.; Umemura, T. Primary Hepatic Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in a Patient with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Case Report and Summary of the Literature. Medicina 2021, 57, 280. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57030280
Yamashita Y, Joshita S, Kobayashi H, Wakabayashi S-i, Sugiura A, Yamazaki T, Umemura T. Primary Hepatic Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in a Patient with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Case Report and Summary of the Literature. Medicina. 2021; 57(3):280. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57030280
Chicago/Turabian StyleYamashita, Yuki, Satoru Joshita, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Shun-ichi Wakabayashi, Ayumi Sugiura, Tomoo Yamazaki, and Takeji Umemura. 2021. "Primary Hepatic Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in a Patient with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Case Report and Summary of the Literature" Medicina 57, no. 3: 280. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57030280